Western Music in Hellenic Communities. Musicians and Institutions PDF

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        ΣΗΜΕΙΩΣΕΙΣ  ΙΣΤΟΡΙΑΣ ΤΗΣ ΟΔΟΝΤΙΑΤΡΙΚΗΣ    Ε. ΜΑΜΑΗ‐ΧΩΜΑΤΑ  Αναπληρώτρια Καθηγήτρια  Προληπτικής και Κοινωνικής Οδοντιατρικής                  ΑΘΗΝΑ 2014  Athanasios Trikoupis         ΣΗΜΕΙΩΣΕΙΣ  ΙΣΤΟΡΙΑΣ ΤΗΣ ΟΔΟΝΤΙΑΤΡΙΚΗΣ    Ε. ΜΑΜΑΗ‐ΧΩΜΑΤΑ  Αναπληρώτρια Καθηγήτρια  Προληπτικής και Κοινωνικ...

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ΣΗΜΕΙΩΣΕΙΣ  ΙΣΤΟΡΙΑΣ ΤΗΣ ΟΔΟΝΤΙΑΤΡΙΚΗΣ    Ε. ΜΑΜΑΗ‐ΧΩΜΑΤΑ  Αναπληρώτρια Καθηγήτρια  Προληπτικής και Κοινωνικής Οδοντιατρικής 

                ΑΘΗΝΑ 2014 

Athanasios Trikoupis        

ΣΗΜΕΙΩΣΕΙΣ  ΙΣΤΟΡΙΑΣ ΤΗΣ ΟΔΟΝΤΙΑΤΡΙΚΗΣ    Ε. ΜΑΜΑΗ‐ΧΩΜΑΤΑ  Αναπληρώτρια Καθηγήτρια  Προληπτικής και Κοινωνικής Οδοντιατρικής 

                ΑΘΗΝΑ 2014 

Western Music in Hellenic Communities. Musicians and Institutions

Athanasios Trikoupis        

ΣΗΜΕΙΩΣΕΙΣ  ΙΣΤΟΡΙΑΣ ΤΗΣ ΟΔΟΝΤΙΑΤΡΙΚΗΣ    Ε. ΜΑΜΑΗ‐ΧΩΜΑΤΑ  Αναπληρώτρια Καθηγήτρια  Προληπτικής και Κοινωνικής Οδοντιατρικής 

                ΑΘΗΝΑ 2014 

HELLENIC REPUBLIC

National and Kapodistrian University of Athens

School of Philosophy Faculty of Music Studies

Western Music in Hellenic Communities. Musicians and Institutions

Athanasios Trikoupis ATHENS 2015

Athanasios Trikoupis

Translation: Marina Nikolakopoulou, musicologist Cover design: Eleni Pastra

The research project is implemented within the framework of the Action «Supporting Postdoctoral Researchers» of the Operational Program «Education and Lifelong Learning» (Action's Beneficiary: General Secretariat for Research and Technology), and is cofinanced by the European Social Fund (ESF) and the Greek State.

ISBN: 978-618-81101-3-7 All rights of translation, reproduction and adaptation reserved for all countries by the world

Athanasios Trikoupis

In honour of the Europeans who dedicated their lives to the rebirth of Hellas

Athanasios Trikoupis        

ΣΗΜΕΙΩΣΕΙΣ  ΙΣΤΟΡΙΑΣ ΤΗΣ ΟΔΟΝΤΙΑΤΡΙΚΗΣ    Ε. ΜΑΜΑΗ‐ΧΩΜΑΤΑ  Αναπληρώτρια Καθηγήτρια  Προληπτικής και Κοινωνικής Οδοντιατρικής 

                ΑΘΗΝΑ 2014 

Contents Abbreviations

13

Preface

15

Introduction

19

IONIAN ISLANDS

27

Zakynthos / Zante Philharmonic Society of Zakynthos

28 28

Cephalonia / Kefallinia / Kefalonia Philharmonic School of Palli, Lixouri Philharmonic School of Kefallinia, Argostoli

35 35 38

Corfu

50 50 63 66 67 68 69 69 70 70

Philharmonic Society of Corfu Philharmonic Society “Mantzaros” Philharmonic Society “Samaras” of Corfu Philharmonic Association of Skripero “The Oros Region” Philharmonic Society “Omonia” of Gastouri Philharmonic Brotherhood of Lefkimmi Music and Mutual Aid Association “Apollo” of Lefkimmi Band of the National Boarding School for boys of Corfu Rombotis Music School Lefkada Philharmonic Society of Lefkada

70 70

Ithaca

76 76

Philharmonic Society of Ithaca PELOPONNESE

77

Nafplio Philharmonic Society of Nafplio

77 77

Kalamata Philharmonic Society of Kalamata

78 78

Patras

79 79

Band of Patras Aegio / Aigio

80

Athanasios Trikoupis

Philharmonic Society “Euterpe” of Aegio

80

Philharmonic Society of Tripoli

84 84

Band of the Spartan Gymnastics Association

84 84

Tripoli Sparta Corinth Band of Corinth CONTINENTAL / CENTRAL GREECE Athens

86 86 87

Military Music School Military Band of Athens Philharmonic Society “Euterpe” of Athens Athens Conservatory Band of the Georgios and Aikaterini Chatzikonsta Orphanage Band of the City of Athens Philharmonic Society of Athens Association of Friends of Music Athens Music Society Lottner Conservatory Band and Choir of Embirikos Asylum for Homeless Children Band of Orphanage of the Near East Relief in Athens

87 87 87 88 89 105 105 105 108 108 109 110 111

Municipal Band of Piraeus Band of the Zannio Orphanage for Boys in Piraeus Piraeus Society Music Association of Piraeus Conservatory of Piraeus

112 112 114 115 118 118

Piraeus

Lavrio / Laurium Philharmonic Society “Euterpe” of the French Company of mines in Lavrio Band of the Friends of Music Association of Lavrio Music Association “Arion” of Lavrio

119 119 122 122

Missolonghi Philharmonic Society of Missolonghi

123 123

Thebes Musical Association “Amphion” of Thebes HELLENIC COMMUNITIES ABROAD Vienna Hellenic Community of Orthodox Church of Saint George Hellenic Community of Orthodox Church of Holy Trinity

123 123 125 125 125 126

Alexandria Philharmonic Society of the Hellenic Community of Alexandria

128 129

Odessa

129

AEGEAN ISLANDS

131

Syros Music Society of Syros Band of the Poor Children School of Ermoupolis Music Friends Association of Syros Band of the Orphanage for Boys in Syros (New) Music Society of Syros Philharmonic Society of Ermoupolis Municipal Band of Ermoupolis

131 131 131 131 132 133 133 134

Band of Limenas Vatheos, Samos Philharmonic Society of Karlovassi “Cleanthes of Samos”

134 134 136

Philharmonic Association of Tinos

137 137

Samos

Tinos Mytilene Music Association “Arion” of Mytilene Band of the National Orphanage for Boys in Mytilene

138 138 138

Chios

140 140

Band of Chios ASIA MINOR

141

Smyrna Band of the Hellenic Orphanage of Smyrna

141 141

Balya

142

Athanasios Trikoupis

Band of Mines of Balya Karaydin Pontus Amisos, Argyroupolis, Kerasous, Merzifounta, Sinope, Trebizond

142 142 142

Bithynia Cius / Kios Music Association of Cius

148 148 148

THRACE

149

Eastern Thrace Constantinople Hellenic Association “Hermes” Music Association “Orpheus” The Ecclesiastical Music Association of Constantinople

149 149 150 152 152

Adrianople

154

Saranta Ekklisies

155

Rodosto / Rhaedestus

155

Northern Thrace / Eastern Rumelia Philippopolis

156 156

Varna Western Thrace Xanthi Music and Gymnastics Association “Orpheus” of Xanthi Alexandroupolis Band of Alexandroupolis

157 158 158 158 160 160

MACEDONIA

161

Central Macedonia Serres Choir of School for Boys of the Macedonian Educational Association of Serres Amateurs Association “Terpsichore” Music and Gymnastics Association “Orpheus” of Serres Music and Drama Association “Apollo” Music Association “Omonia”

161 161 162 163 163 166 167

Band of the Boarding School for Boys in Serres Conservatory “Orpheus” of Serres

167 167

Thessaloniki / Salonica Philharmonic Society “Orpheus” of Thessaloniki Band of Papafis Orphanage of Thessaloniki White Tower Orchestra of Thessaloniki Graikos Conservatory Thessaloniki Conservatory

169 169 170 172 173 174

Veria / Veroia Band of Veria

175 175

Polygyros Band of Municipality of Polygyros

176 176

Katerini Band of Katerini

176 176

Northern Macedonia Monastir Music Association “Lyre” of Monastir

177 177 177

Western Macedonia Kozani Band “Pandora” of Kozani

178 178 178

Grevena Band of Grevena Eastern Macedonia Choristi Music Association “Apollo” Music and Drama Association “The reborn Macedonia” Kavala

178 178 179 179 179 180

Band of Kavala Conservatory of Music Society of Kavala

181 181 181

Pravi / Eleftheroupolis Municipal Band of Pravi / Eleftheroupolis

183 183

Drama

183 183

Conservatory of Drama

Athanasios Trikoupis

EPIRUS

185

Arta “Skoufas” Musical and Literary Association of Arta

185 185

Ioannina Band of the Orphanage of Ioannina Philharmonic Association of Ioannina “The Muses”

186 186 186

Preveza “Orpheus” Band of Preveza

188 188

THESSALY

189

Larissa Band of Larissa Municipal Conservatory of Larissa

189 189 189

Music Society - Conservatory of Volos

190 190

Music Association of Trikala

191 191

Volos Trikala Karditsa Music Association “Orpheus” CRETE

192 192 193

Chania Band of the Cretan Gendarmerie Band of the Literary Society “Chrysostom” of Chania Band of the National Orphanage for Boys in Chania, Crete Municipal Band of Chania

193 193 194 195 195

Rethymno Band of the National Orphanage for Boys in Rethymno, Crete

196 196

Neapoli Band of the National Orphanage for Boys in Neapoli, Crete

196 196

Archives

199

Bibliography

217

Index of Names

231

Annex. Composers (Hellenes and of Hellenic descent)

265

Abbreviations AA

Music Archive of George Angeioplastis

AUTH

Aristotle University of Thessaloniki

BSB

Bayerische Staatsbibliothek (Bavarian State Library)

CA

George Constantzos’s Archive of Greek Music

DHAD

Diplomatic and Historical Archives Department

F.

File

FA

Epaminondas Floros’s Archive

GA

Gerasimos Galanos’s Archive, Lixouri, Kefalonia

GCU

Greek Composers Union

HMTMA

Archiv der Hochschule für Musik und Theater München

HTA

Archive of Holy Trinity Greek Orthodox Church, Vienna

k.k.

kaiserlich und königlich (Imperial and Royal)

KUG

Kunstuniversität Graz (University of Music and Performing Arts Graz)

LCGW

Lyceum Club of Greek Women

MA

Spyridon Motsenigos’s Historical Archive of Hellenic Music

Mus.ms

Music Manuscript

NKUA

National and Kapodistrian University of Athens

NLG

National Library of Greece

PAKETHRA Center for Culture and Development in Thrace (ΠΑΚΕΘΡΑ) PCLS

Public Central Library of Serres

PLS

Parnassos Literary Society, Athens

PsA

Konstantinos Psachos’s Archive, Athens

PSC

Philharmonic Society of Corfu

PSM

Philharmonic Society “Mantzaros”, Corfu

SGA

Archive of Greek-Orthodox Church “St. Georg”, Vienna

TA

Thomas Tamvakos’s Archive of Greek Classical Composers, Athens

VA

Vasilios and Elpida Veiliktsidis’s Archive, Serres

13

Athanasios Trikoupis

14

Preface This monograph is one of the fruits of the three years post-doctoral research of the writer, held by the Faculty of Music Studies of University of Athens (Hellas) in cooperation with the Institute 1 (Composition, music theory, music history and conducting) of University of Music and Performing Arts Graz (Austria). The project’s tittle was 20th century Greek Art Music and European Support (20 GAMES) and its implementation period was from 31/8/2012 until 30/8/2015. The project started as a proposal in the context of the action “Support of Postdoctoral Researchers” of the Operational Programme “Education and Lifelong Learning”. It was co-financed by both the European Social Fund and the Hellenic National Resources. The project aimed at the research and the registration of the Hellenic art music in the 20th century. Taking into account the fact that the majority of the most important Hellenes composers had studied in Europe, we aimed at their registration –including also those who had been active outside Hellas– and the registration of their work as well. Based on the material collected, there is a reliable estimation on the influence of the European music upon modern Hellenic musical creation, on a primary level, through the Hellenes composers who had studied in Europe, as well as, on a secondary level, through the educational activity, in which most of them had been engaged. Knowing the relationships between teachers and students, we can come to conclusions about the indirect influence of European music (through the educational activity of the teacher) on the development of the student. The final goal of this research is the creation of an archive of Hellenic art music of the 20th century, including the following: a) a record of Hellenes composers with basic biographical information b) a list of works of every composer and c) the scores of their compositions. The digitization of this archive and the creation of a proper database, as well as a relevant interface, will help the researchers access and study the scores and on the other hand, will contribute to the dissemination and promotion of the Hellenic art music abroad. Approximately 4.000 Hellenes composers were recorded and more than 30.000 works by Hellenes composers were collected and digitized. Based on the program, research trips were made throughout Hellas and to European countries, where most Hellenes composers were students: Austria, Germany, Italy etc. It is obvious that we could not ignore important elements we found mainly in archives and libraries abroad, regarding Hellenes composers or composers with Hellenic origin who were active before the 20th century. So we collected also this material, most of which will be used

15

Athanasios Trikoupis

later. The number of the recorded Hellenes composers, mentioned before, concerns all the composers that we have found. This is the first time that such a volume of material has been collected in order to create a huge database, capable to supply with research material many generations of young musicologists and musicians. We cannot be sure where the systematic study of such a large number of works will lead us to and what kind of important material will emerge through them. The first minimum estimation we have though, shows that it is necessary to make an interdisciplinary approach of the material relating to the area of both systematic and historical musicology. The present monograph records mainly the first European teachers of music theory and composition and the first European bandmasters who came to Hellas, from its establishment as state until the Second World War1 and were teachers or directors of various music foundations (Philharmonic Societies, Conservatories, Bands etc), or music departments of various educational institutions (Schools, Orphanages etc). At the same time, this monograph records also the first Hellenes colleagues of the abovementioned European teachers, who either studied in Europe and returned to Hellas to offer their knowledge, or they studied with these first European teachers in Hellas. The presentation of the names is indicative, since the continuous research brings out more and more new elements that gradually reveal one previously unknown past. During the under-study period the Hellenic territory went through many changes, due to successive wars that took place until the consolidation of the present Hellenic State. Some Hellenic communities are under consideration, without being part of the Hellenic State, either because they were for some time part of the Hellenic territory, or there was the possibility of their incorporation which finally did not take place. Moreover, we evaluate the important developments or changes in some of the Hellenic communities abroad, as for example the four-voice harmonization of the byzantine chant. Because of the fact that the up-to-now existing studies generally relate to the presentation of the work of specific individuals or the record of a work done in a specific area of the Hellenic territory, this effort focused on the dissemination of the 1

The timeline of the Second World War was chosen primarily to show the incision created and the detrimental effects induced by this, even in the artistic activity. Unfortunately, the Italians and the Germans, who, as proven by this study, offered greatly to the spread and consolidation of the European musical tradition to the newly established Hellenic State during the first century of its existence, destroyed in no time the biggest part of what they had created with great effort and long struggle.

16

Western Music in Hellenic Communities. Musicians and Institutions

western music to Hellenes as a total effect in the Hellenic society. The presentation of the material is done based on the geographic regions, the urban centers of those and their foundations, in time course by place. This way, there is a direct correlation of each person to the institution in which he offered his services. Alongside, in the footnotes, elementary but important biographical information of each person are given, in percentage as much inversely proportional as possible to the existing one. A key issue that emerged, regarding many teachers of foreign music, is that we found no evidence of their name in Latin script. In such cases, there is a possible version or versions of the Hellenics or the Hellenic variations of the name, found in various archive sources. This is clearly highlighted in every case by a question mark, to help any future researcher who will attempt to identify the persons and their correlation to their supposed names. However, during the limited time period of this post-doctoral research, a small number of archives has been approached and studied, related to the total existing ones. This fact, in combination with the constant relocations of the music teachers, due to work reasons, as well as their cooperation with many foundations in different places, enforces the possibility of finding more information in the future. The names of the Hellenes music teachers are transferred to the Latin script, in the way they used to record their own name in foreign language publications or other evidence. This is the most fruitful way to facilitate the future researchers to identify unknown evidences or other information related to them. Moreover there is a registration of all the alternative forms of each name, as they are presented in foreign language items (e.g. school records of educational institutions abroad). A big part of the recorded information comes from the study of the Spyridon Motsenigos’s Archive, which is located in the National Library of Greece. Creator of the archive was Spyridon Motsenigos (Corfu 1911 - Athens 1970). Motsenigos, in his quest to gather material mainly for bands from all around Hellas, corresponded with their respective bandmasters, asking them to answer a questionnaire and submit relevant evidence (photos, concert programs etc.). The information referred to the answered questionnaires was not always accurate because they were often based solely on the memory of the respondents. Thus, in several cases, the dates, the spelling of names of older musicians and other reported data, are incorrect. Regarding these problems, an attempt was made to correct them by crosschecking the information provided, also from other sources, as this was possible. It is however certain that such inaccuracies could not be entirely avoided. But in any case, it was considered useful to integrate this kind of information, based on oral testimonies, since in many cases, due to lack of other data, is

17

Athanasios Trikoupis

the most important pr...