What\'s in a Name- Rosalia Garcia PDF

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HS Chemistry POGIL Activity Particle connections - What's in a name? Target Responses for the tasks: 1. In the particle models in Figure 1, what do the circles represent?  Each circle represents an atom. Different elements are represented by their symbol inside each circle 2. Where is sodium located on the periodic table? Where is chlorine located on the periodic table?  Sodium is located on the left side which means sodium a metal, chlorine is found on the right side of the periodic table which means Cl is a non-metal. □Complete periodic table location for all of the elements found in each of the particle models in Figure 1. (make sure students do this step!) 3. How many sodium +I's are there in the particle model for NaCl? How many chlorine -1's are there?  Na: 12 CI: 12 4. What is the simplest ratio of Na's to CI's?  Na:C1= 1:1, written as NaCl 5. What is the smallest group of atoms called in the particle model of CO₂?  A molecule How many carbon's?  1 carbon How many oxygens?  2 oxygens 6. Do both CO₂ and NaCl have the same type of elements (metal or non-metal) connected together? What is different about the CO₂ particle model and the NaCl particle model (charges? connections of particles? etc...)  No, CO, has only non-metal elements connected to non-metal elements. CO, exists as small groups of 1 carbon connected to 2 oxygens (a molecule) while

NaCl exists as a repeating patter of Nat's and CI's, CO, does not have any charges while Nacl has charges that balance out to "0". 7. In what ways are the particle model of CaO similar or different to CO₂?  Similar, both CaO and CO₂ have oxygen as one of the elements and the Differences is that CO₂ does not have any charges, CaO exists as a repeating pattern of charged particles while CO ₂ has no charges on any atoms and exists in a molecular form. 8. Is CO more similar to CO₂ or CaO? Explain your answer and give specific evidence from Figure 1.  Though CO and CaO are more similar in chemical formula (both a 1:1 ratio), CO is more similar to CO₂ because both are non-metals connected to non-metal, CO and CO₂ and both exist in the molecular form not in a lattice structure. 9. How many Mg +2's are there in the particle model for MgI ₂? How many iodine - l's are there?  Mg: 6 I: 12 What is the simplest ratio of Mg's to I's?  1 Mg to 2 I's, MgI₂ 10. Why don't the formulas for NaCl, CaO, and MgI₂ have charges even though charges are found in the particle models?  The charges balance out so there is no need to write the charge as part of the formula.

HS Chemistry POGIL Activity Particle connections - What's in a name?

O 2-

Vocabulary for different waysparticlesareconnectedtoget her.

amolecule

alattice

Figure2: Ca2+

O2-

Ca2+

O2-

Ca2+

O2- O 2-

O2-

Ca2+

O 2-

O2-

Ca2+

O2-

Ca2+ Ca 2+

Ca2+

Ca 2+Ca 2+ O2-Ca2+ O 2-

Ca2+ O2-

O

C

O

CO2 carbon dioxide

CaO calciumoxide

11. What types of compounds arrange in a lattice structure versus in a molecule structure? Give specific evidence from Figure 1.  Metals connected to non-metals form a compound which will have charges in a lattice structure whereas non-metals connected with another non-metal will exist as a molecule. 12. How is MgI₂ different from CO₂? How is MgI₂, similar to CO₂?  MgI₂ is a metal with a non-metal both have a 1:2 ratio of types of atoms, MgI₂ exists in a lattice structure while CO2 exists in a molecular form. 13. How many nitrogens and how many oxygens are in the smallest groupings of N₂O₂?  2 nitrogens, 4 oxygens Why do you think one must write the formula N₂O4 and not simplify the formula to NO₂ as was done with MgI₂ ? Explain how you made your decision from evidence in Figure 1.  Since N₂04 is a compound which is made of non-metal with a non-metal the substance exists as a molecule so you must show how many of each atoms are actually in the molecule, thus you can't reduce to just the ratio like is done when the substance exists in a lattice structure.

14. a. Go back to Figure 1 and circle in any names where you see a prefix (di-, tri-, tetra-, etc...) used as part of the name? b. What are 2 things that make these compounds which are named with prefixes unique?  Compounds named with prefixes 1) don't have charges 2) are non-metals connected to non-metals 3) exist as molecules NOT lattices. 15. Would you use prefixes to name KI? Why or why not?  No. This is a metal with a non-metal so there will be charges which balance out and will exist in a lattice structure NOT as a molecule. 16. Specify which of the following compounds would be named using prefixes and which would not: Compound

CO2 CaCl2 N2O6 CuCl2 XeF6

Name withprefixes? YorN

Yes,use prefixes NO YES NO YES

Reason

Compound

Name withprefixes? YorN

NaCl

NO

P2O5 RbBr AgCl BF3

YES NO NO YES

Reason

HS Chemistry POGIL Activity Particle connections What's in a name? TheGreekprefixes: 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

mono-

di-

tri-

tetra-

penta-

hexa-

hepta-

octa-

nona-

deca-

11

12

undeca- dodeca-

ou choose the prefix which specifiesthe number atoms of that element in the molecule and add an “-ide” ending to the seco

wasnameddinitrogen Examples:tetroxide (meaning there are 2-nitrogens and 4 oxygens)COwasnamedcarbonmonoxide (meaning 1 car monocarbonmonoxide

Name the following compounds: 14.

SiO2

silicon dioxide

15.

S4N2

tetrasulfur dinitride

16.

Cl2O

dichlorine monoxide

17.

PF3

phosphorus trifluoride

Write formulas for the following compounds: 18. sulfurtrioxide

SO3

19. carbontetrachloride

CCI4

20. diphosphorouspentoxide

P2O5

21. sulfurhexafluoride

SF6...