WMST 101 Final Study Guide PDF

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Final Study Guide for WMST 101 with Dr. Berger...

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Study Materials for Final Exam Hi students, The two items that are posted below are a reading list and a concept sheet. The multiple choice questions and matches/IDs will mostly focus on readings from after the midterm and the reading list reflects that emphasis. The short answer and long essay questions will draw on your knowledge from the entire semester. The concept sheet is *NOT* meant to be exhaustive. The concepts below are ones that threaded through many essays, discussion sections and some of the lectures, especially in the latter half of the semester. The concept sheet should help you as you review all the materials (your notes from discussion section, midterm, lecture notes, readings, etc.). Reading List THE POLITICS OF THE BODY Bodies and Representation “The Body Politic,” Abra Fortune Chernik (Sakai) “A Way Outa No Way: Eating Problems Among African-American, Latina and White Women,” Becky Thompson (e-reserve) “How Does A SuperModel Do Feminism?” Veronica Webb (e-reserve) Women’s Health and Reproductive Justice Women’s Lives, Chapter 5 pages 211-224, Women’s Lives, Chapter 5: “Three Generations of Native American Women’s Birth Experience,” Joy Harjo (#28) “Reproductive Justice: Vision, Analysis, and Action for a Stronger Movement,” Asian Communities for Reproductive Justice (#30) Dear Sisters, 134-154 GENDER BASED VIOLENCE Women’s Lives, Chapter 6 “Violence Against Women” 259-272 "Lisa's Ritual, Age 10," Grace Caroline Bridges (Sakai) Film: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/death-in-st-augustine/ Human Trafficking Podcast (Sakai) Chapter One: “The Old Slavery and the New,” Kevin Bales (link on Sakai) Interpersonal Violence: Rape and Sexual Harassment Women’s Lives, Chapter 6: “Engaging Men Against Violence,” Jonathan Grove (#35) Dear Sisters, 192-209 Podcast (Sakai) Dear Sisters, 192-194; 206-209 CONFRONTING POWER, POLITICS, SEXUALITY AND POLICIES 19 Century Feminism Women's Lives, Chapter 1 (review pages 4-6) “Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions” (#2) “Lynch Law in America,” Ida Wells Barnett (e-reserve) 20 Century Feminism Women's Lives: Chapter 1: “Multiracial Feminism,” Becky Thompson (#4) “The Problem with No Name,” Betty Friedan (e-reserve) Women’s Sexuality Women’s Lives, Chapter 4: “Women and the Rise of Rauch Culture,” Ariel Levy (#23) Women’s Lives: Chapter 1: “Radical Heterosexuality,” Naomi Wolf Women’s Lives, Chapter 4, “Women’s Sexuality,” 173-182 th

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Women’s Lives, Chapter 4: “Guadalupe the Sex Goddess,” Sandra Cisneros (#21) “The All-American Pakistani Girl,” Surina Khan (#25) Women, Power and Politics “Turning off the Next Generation of Politicians,” Richard Fox and Jennifer Lawless (Sakai) Where do we go from here? “A Day with Feminism,” Jennifer Baumgardner and Amy Richards (Sakai) Gloria Steinem, “Halfway into a Feminist Century” (Sakai)

Concepts the “waves” of feminism  First: 1880s-1920s; voting rights, property rights, access to education; against domestic violence  Second: 1960s-1980; political rights; equal pay for equal work; “The personal is political”; touched every sphere of society  Third: 1990s-present; international; men as allies; inclusive of women of color raunch culture  Overtly sexual representations of women; women objectify themselves and others; acceptance of porn and stripping and naked women in advertisement third wave feminisms radical heterosexuality  Wolfs idea; tasks should be redefined and not based on sex dominant culture eating problems  Assumed that anorexia and bulimia are mostly for white teenage girls; affects all ages; linked with trauma and having control over your body “socially-lived” theorizing 

Patriarchy  Men holding more power or women having less Intersectionality  interconnecting other things such as race, socioeconomic class, gender feminist theory/feminist theorizing  A body of writing that attempts to describe explain and analyze the condition of women’s lives; proposes strategies for activism and action; produced from and reflected on lived experiences accomplishments of second wave feminism/first wave feminism micro, meso, macro levels of analysis  Micro: home, family (immediate) , interpersonal  Meso: workplace, court, police, school  Macro: media, religion, family (extended), government. the women’s health movement 2 wave feminism focused a lot on getting reproductive justice, improving overall health, access to education, abortion etc. consciousness raising nd

talking about experiences in groups and related to other women, as well as making everyone aware; it was a way of unifying women organizations of second wave feminism (i.e. NOW) the role of women of color in 19 century and 20 century feminism Ida B. Wells lynching in the south, Combahee collective in response to lack of space for  black women in the feminist movement. Organizations formed around different ethnicities. 

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the male gaze  looking at women as objects, things are framed for what the heterosexual man would want objectification  seeing women as an object or possession, dehumanizing them, and reducing them to their physical appearance sterilization abuse  they sterilized women without them knowing, they would go in for a procedure and find that their tubes were tied without permission. It was a racial thing. reproductive justice fighting for rights that allow women to have a child or not have a child, and if they do  have a child that they will have the ability to raise them in a healthy environment and have the resources to do so. Intersectional issues, more social movement with women’s movement, access to healthcare concerning reproduction ex. Birth control and finances reproductive health  actual health of the mother and the baby, ex. what happens if women get an abortion or don’t the continuum of sexual violence in women’s lives  women experience different kinds of violence over the span of their life, applicable to all ages different terms about women and violence examples of feminist alliance and coalition building medicalization of pregnancy and childbirth domestic violence criminal and non-criminal; physical, sexual, or psychological abuse in a relationship victim, survivor:  language surrounding those affected by domestic violence – clearly have different connotations. Victim is passive, survivor seems stronger, empowers the victim(s) campus sexual assault  Addresses the issue of sexual assault on college campuses, especially systematic inadequacies in reporting and prosecution Title IX:  Act of the Education Rights Act of 1972 that says no one can be discriminated against based on sex and women must have equality in education. In “The Hunting Ground” we saw how it was used to combat campus sexual assault. internalized oppression  Beginning to believe and apply the oppression around you to yourself

Able-bodyism: discrimination against people with physical disabilities the beauty myth- book by Naomi Wolf; focuses on the dominant beauty standards - general societal standard by which beauty is measured, usually doesn’t encompass much diversity. (ex: The US has a eurocentric standard of beauty). Gender-bending: a form of social activism that tries to break down gender stereotypes and destroy rigid gender roles Commodification: similar to objectification sex work: employment in the sex industry, i.e. prostitution, pornography, etc. The work is often very stigmatized. decriminalizing of sex work: Reform movement to stop criminal penalties and prosecution of sex workers, and instead offer public health solutions. differences and similarities between second wave feminist and third wave feminist approaches to women’s sexual agency challenging sex/gender binaries: idea that there are more than two sexes and gender identities/expressions. sexual double standards - sexual liberation for men vs. rigid sexual expectations for women Heteronormativity: Idea that “normal” is heterosexual, and LGBTQ individuals are “abnormal”.

gender and political ambition- with a lack of representation of women in politics, it's hard to encourage other women to run for office. Women are less likely than men to discuss politics with their parents or to be encouraged to run for office by their parents. masculinized ethos- develops from the fact that most political institutions have historically been dominated by men and therefore results in an "ingrained ethos of masculinity" gendered psyche- we see this in politics because there seems to be a stigma that women have to be twice as good as male opponents to even consider running for office or that they are somehow not as qualified even if they have equal credentials.

MiniQuiz: 1. In Kevin Bales’ “The Old Slavery and the New,” Kevin Bales and Michael Soodalter argue that a) Slavery was invented in the 17 century when America was founded. b) Slavery ceased to exist in the middle of the 20 century. c) There are millions of slaves in America today d) A and c th

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Alice Paul was a. a feminist who wrote the 19 amendment b. a feminist who lead a hunger strike while in prison, leading officials to order her to be force-fed c. a feminist who lead a women’s choir in officially-sanctioned sit-in, all of the members of which were later jailed. th

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The “Jane” group suffered most from a. Lack of patients as it was hard for women to locate and this undercover organization. b. Lack of supplies as they ran out of sterile gauze and septums within the first week

c. Lack of medical practitioners as few physicians were willing to risk losing their license to perform abortions. 4.

In the “Body Politic” Chernick argues that a. Society celebrates unhealthy women’s bodies. b. Her political empowerment corresponded her weight loss. c. She developed her feminist voice as she lost weight.

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Title IX was a. A 1962 act called the Rebecca Felton act after a Japanese American woman establishing equal access to education for both women and men. b. A 1972 act called the Rebecca Felton act after a Japanese American woman establishing equal access to education for both women and men. c. A 1962 act called the Pasty Mink act after a Japanese American woman establishing equal access to education for both women and men. d. A 1972 act called the Pasty Mink act after a Japanese American woman establishing equal access to education for both women and men.

I will post the answer key under resources in sakai under “MiniQuiz Answer Key.” Sakai Quiz Questions: 1) One issue that Gloria Steinem discusses in “Halfway to a Feminist Century” is a) mandatory English language requirements in U.S. schools b) world hunger c) gun rights d) transgender rights 2) Gloria Steinem in “Halfway to a Feminist Century” makes the case that before the second wave feminist movement, most people in this country believed that it was natural for women to compete with each other. True or False

3) In “A Day with Feminism,” the authors suggest that equality between men and women might take the form of women feeling safe to walk alone at night. True or False 4) One aspect of equality that has been achieved since when “A Day with Feminism” was written is the legalization of gay marriage. True or False 5) Jennifer Lawless and Richard Fox’s research focuses on the barriers that prevent potential women to consider running for office. One of those barriers includes:

a) the lack of resources b) the lack of time c) a masculinized ethos d) negative media reporting 6) Women are less likely than men to express interest in running for office in the future. True or False 7) The percentage of women holding statewide and state legislative offices is less than 25 percent, barely higher than in 1993. True or False

8) In a national survey about high school and college students and political ambition, conducted by Richard Fox and Jennifer Lawless, they find that the majority of young people are encouraged by their parents to pursue a political career True or False. 9) The term "queer" can include all people who challenge the "normalcy" of heterosexuality. True or False

10) According to Michele Robinson’s lecture, during the 1970s, second wave feminists fought for legislation that prevented marital rape. True or False. 11) Which of the following does Sandra Cisneros NOT poetically liken la Virgen de Guadalupe? a. a "Goody Two-Shoes" b. a "sex goddess" c. a "nurse of healing" d. Coatlicue 12) Surina Khan writes about how in order to come to terms with her lesbian identity, she was forced to renounce her Pakistani identity for an American one. True or False. 13) Ariel's Levy notes that, according to raunch feminism, women's position in American society can be elevated by stripping, supporting sexual assault victims, and becoming educated about women's issues. True or False

2. Ariel Levy argues that third wave feminist movements, including CAKE, confuse objectification and liberation. True or False. 3. Naomi Wolf argues that achieving radical heterosexuality will require changes by both men and women. True or False. 4. In the past, Naomi Wolf suggests that some feminists, in their desire to define themselves against men: a) can never practice radical heterosexuality b) should keep fighting other feminists c) have often held strong opinions about other women’s sexual choices d) should keep fighting all men 1. What are some problems women face in relation to women’s health on the micro, meso, and meso levels? Micro- women depending on their religion might be discouraged from learning about other topics. This would harm them if they were to get pregnant and they didn’t know about contraceptives if it was considered “taboo” in their house hold

2. Scenario: Melissa Petro describes the real threat of being raped during sex work (as a sex worker) in an article for...