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Principles of Neuroscience Modulation of movement: Cerebellum and Basal Ganglia

Dr Peter Kitchener Dept Anatomy and Cell Biology Room E722 Med Sci Building [email protected]

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Overall organization of neural structures that control movement

The functions of the basal ganglia.

1) Allow the selection of complex patterns of voluntary movements 2) Evaluate the success of actions in achieving the goals of those actions. 3) Initiating movements.

Motor components of the human basal ganglia

Anatomical organization of the inputs to the basal ganglia

Regions of the cerebral cortex that project to the corpus striatum

Functional organization of intrinsic circuitry and outputs of basal ganglia (Part 1)

Functional organization of intrinsic circuitry and outputs of the basal ganglia (Part 2)

Disinhibition in the direct and indirect pathways through the basal ganglia (Part 1)

Disinhibition in the direct and indirect pathways through the basal ganglia (Part 2)

Center-surround functional organization of the direct and indirect pathways

Box 14.3. Bear et al. 2006, Lippencott, Williams and Wilkens

Basal Ganglia Loops and Non-Motor Brain Functions

Functions of the cerebellum • Coordinating the timing and sequence of muscle actions and movements • The maintenance of muscle tone • Motor learning • Planning sequences of muscle activation for complex movements

Overall organization and subdivisions of the cerebellum (Part 1)

Brainstem and diencephalon components related to the cerebellum

Functional organization of the inputs to the cerebellum (Part 1)

Functional organization of the inputs to the cerebellum (Part 2)

Regions of the cerebral cortex that project to the cerebellum

Functional organization of the major ascending outputs from the cerebellum (Part 1)

Functional organization of the major ascending outputs from the cerebellum (Part 2)

Functional organization of the major descending outputs from the cerebellum

Ataxia (cerebellar dysfunction) Box 14.5. Bear et al. 2006, Lippencott, Williams and Wilkens...