Adolescent Development - 11 PDF

Preview

Summary

Download Adolescent Development - 11 PDF

Description

Chapter 11 - Adolescent Development

Autoerotic Behavior – Sexual behavior that is experienced alone, such as masturbating or sexual fantasizing Testosterone – One of the sex hormones secreted by the gonads found in both sexes but in higher levels among males than females Risk Factors – Factors that increase the likelihood of some behavior or condition Sexual Orientation – Whether one is sexually attracted to individuals of the same, sex, other sex, or both Sexual Socialization – The process through which adolescents are exposed to and educated about sexuality Sex-role behavior – Behavior that is consistent with prevailing expectations for how individuals of a given sex are to behave Gender Identity – The gender an individual identifies with Transgender – Describing individuals whose gender identity does not match the sex they were assigned at birth Date Rape – Being forced by a date to have sex against ones will Sexually transmitted disease – any group of infections-including HPV, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, herpes, chlamydia, and AIDS – passed on through sexual contact Gonorrhea and chlamydia – sexually transmitted infections caused by a bacterium Herpes – A sexually transmitted infection caused by a virus Human papillomavirus – One of the several viruses that causes a sexually transmitted disease. Trichomoniasis - A sexually transmitted infection caused by a parasite. Aids - A disease, caused by a virus transmitted by means of bodily fluids, that devastates the immune system. HIV- The virus associated with AIDS

Comprehensive Sex Education - Programs that not only provide information about contraception, STDs, and pregnancy but also teach adolescents how to refuse unwanted sex and avoid unintended sex, increase their motivation to engage in safe sex, and change perceptions about peer norms and attitudes. Abstinence – Only Sex Education- Programs that encourage adolescents to avoid sexual activity but that do not provide information about safe sex.

 Most common reasons adolescents abstain from sex – Fear of pregnancy and disease  Androgens are highly influential in increasing the likelihood of Boys sexual activity, whereas contextual factors have more influence on increasing the likelihood of sexual activity of an adolescent Girls

 Increases in androgens in males leads to the development of secondary sex characteristics  Which hormone is primarily responsible for the development of breasts? Estrogens

 What type of parenting style seems to result in adolescents who are less likely to become sexually active at an early age? Authoritative  In reality, parent-adolescent communication about sexual activity has little impact on whether adolescents are sexually active

 One reason that growing up in a single-parent home affects girls sexual behavior more than boys is that social influences on girls' sexual behavior are stronger than they are on boys  There is an increased likelihood for adolescents to be sexually active when their peers are sexually active

 In conservative Hispanic families, parents discussing sex with their adolescents results in less sexual activity  Which of the following are reasons that African American males have a relatively high rate of early sexual activity? High proportion grow up in single-parent homes, High proportion live in poor neighborhoods

 List in order of rank the developmental progression of sexual behaviors from less intimate to more intimate: Kissing Feeling breasts through clothes followed by under the clothes Feeling a penis through clothes followed by under the clothes or while naked Feeling a vagina through clothes Feeling a vagina under clothes or while naked Intercourse or oral sex  Rate of sexual activity are higher among economically disadvantaged youth

 Adolescents who attend supervised after-school programs are less likely to be sexually active, contract an STD, or have multiple sexual partners  How many American adolescents, age 15-19, become pregnant each year? 600,000

 Teen pregnancy has decreased since the 1990s  Which of the following ethnicity has the highest rate of teen pregnancy? Black

 What percentage of U.S. teen pregnancies are aborted? 25  Which of the following characterize men who impregnate adolescent women? School dropout, anxious, depressed

 The rates of teen childbearing is most likely influenced by school attendance and income inequality  Poverty and low achievement are consequences of early childbearing.  A benefit to teen moms of moving in with their own family is that it helps to disrupt the economic impact of teenage parenthood by allowing the child to return to school  Each year approximately 3 million adolescents are diagnosed with a sexually transmitted disease

 Why has teen pregnancy become less common today than in the early 1990s? Fewer younger teens are sexually active, increased contraceptives  Rank in order the rate of teen births in the following countries from highest to lowest: US, Canada, Ireland, France, Japan, Korea

 precocious sex- having sex at too young an age promiscuous sex- having sex with too many partners unwanted sex- having sex against one's will unsafe sex- having sex that can result in pregnancy or an STD  Which of the following are autoerotic behaviors? Fantasies, masturbation

 Sexual behavior that is experienced alone is autoerotic  According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, approximately 40% of high school sophomores have had heterosexual vaginal intercourse by the end of the academic school year

 Today's adolescents are more sexually active than those of previous generations  Early-maturing boys are more likely than their peers to download pornography due to an increase in androgens

 Peers and parents are highly influential forces in the social context of an adolescent girl's sexual activity.  According to Mendle (2009), genetics may cause adolescents with divorced parents to be more likely to engage in early sex.

 Adolescents who take virginity pledges are less likely to use contraception than adolescents who did not take a virginity pledge.  The main antecedents of homosexuality are biological and social influences

 What percentage of girls reported receiving unwanted sexual harassment while in school? 80  Between 7% and 18% of adolescents report having had non voluntary sexual intercourse before age 18.

 Which of the following is the best predictor of contraceptive use? – Age  Which of the following behaviors are characteristic of those who have intercourse before the age of 16? - Experimentation with alcohol, Minor delinquency, Experimentation with drugs  is the most important time in the life cycle for the development of sexualityadolescence

 According to Goodson 2011, adolescents who are sexually active earlier than their peers have life satisfaction that is similar to that of other adolescents...