Albuterol Sulfate:Ipratropium PDF

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Drug Study by Catherine Espinosa

Generic Name: Albuterol Sulfate/Ipratropium Trade Name(s)a: Combivent Respimat, DuoNeb

Drug Classification: Respiratory Short-Acting Beta-2 Agonists in Combination with Respiratory Short-Acting Muscarinic Antagonists

Therapeutic Uses: Primarily used in the treatment of COPD in adults, also used off-label for the acute management of asthma in adult and pediatric patients. Combination therapy produces a greater effect than either drug alone

Maximum Dosage/24 hours : 6 vials/day via nebulization Possible Routes of Administration : oral inhalation (PO) or nebulizer solution (Inahln) Usual Dosage and Frequency: One 3-mL vial inhaled via nebulizer 4 times per day. Each 3-mL vial contains 3 mg albuterol sulfate (2.5 mg of albuterol base) and 0.5 mg of ipratropium

This Patient’s Dose and Frequency_____________

Mechanism of Action:Albuterol is a moderately selective beta2-adrenergic agonist that stimulates receptors of the smooth muscle in the lungs, uterus, and vasculature supplying skeletal muscle. The net result of albuterol binding to beta2-receptors in the lungs is relaxation of bronchial smooth muscles, which in turn relieves bronchospasm, reduces airway resistance, facilitates mucous drainage, and increases vital capacity. Ipratropium antagonizes the action of acetylcholine

by blocking muscarinic cholinergic receptors that are present in the airways and other body organs.

Adverse Effects: arrhythmia exacerbation , atrial fibrillation, anaphylactoid reactions, angioedema, bronchospasm, dyspnea, chest pain (unspecified), sinus tachycardia, hypertension, angina, edema, palpitations, hypokalemia, dysuria, wheezing, constipation Nursing Implications: •

Shake inhaler well and allow at least 1 min between inhalations of aerosal medication. Prime inhaler before first use before releasing 4 test sprays

•

For nebulizer, Up to 2 additional 3-mL doses may be allowed per day, if needed; single treatment of 3 mL lasts about 10 min

Patient Teaching: •Caution patient not to exceed reccommended dose or adverse effects may occur: paradoxical bronchospasm (more likely with first dose from new canister) • Instruct patient to contact healthcare professional immediately if SOB is not relieved by medication or is accompanied by diaphoresis, dizziness, palpitations or chest pain...