Amylase (1) - Assignment PDF

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Sivaareni Selvakumar SBI4U1-60 Mr.Field March 9th, 2021

Amylase Amylases are a group of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of starches and carbohydrates into broken-down molecules to help with digestion and dietary starch. There 2 different types of amylase enzymes, there is pancreatic amylase and salivary amylase. There are 3 main classes of amylase enzymes, there is alpha-amylase which is in humans, animals and plants, there is beta-amylase which is in microbes and plants, and there is gamma-amylase which is in plants and animals. Salivary amylase breaks down starches and complex carbohydrates into sugars such as glucose and maltose through catalyzed hydrolysis. Pancreatic amylase is synthesized by acinar cells and is then put into the gastrointestinal tract. The main sources of amylase are in the pancreas and salivary glands, but it can also be found in the lungs, gastrointestinal tract, fallopian tubes and ovaries. Amylase is an important enzyme that is used in the digestion process which is why the main sources are the salivary glands and pancreas. Pancreatic, salivary, and intestinal diseases result in high amylase. Cystic Fibrosis and lung disease result in low amylase levels. Gullo’s syndrome can result in a chronic increase in amylase levels. When too much starch is broken down in the process of catalyzed hydrolysis to break it down into glucose, the amylase can be inactivated. Amylase can be controlled at allosteric sites by allosteric inhibitors which are the products of the broken down substrate....