Bar Questions and Answers in Civil Law 1 PDF

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ANSWERS TO BAREXAMINATION QUESTIONSINCIVIL LAWARRANGED BY TOPIC(1990 – 2006)First Edition - Edited and Arranged by: July 26, 2005 Atty. Janette Laggui-Icao and Atty. Alex Andrew P. Icao (Silliman University College of Law)Latest Edition – Edited and Arranged by: ROMUALDO L. SEÑERIS II Silliman Unive...

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CIVIL LAW Answers to the BAR as Arranged by Topics (Year 1990-2006)

ANSWERS TO BAR EXAMINATION QUESTIONS IN

CIVIL LAW ARRANGED BY TOPIC (1990

– 2006)

First Edition - Edited and Arranged by:

July 26, 2005

Atty. Janette Laggui-Icao and Atty. Alex Andrew P. Icao (Silliman University College of Law) Latest Edition – Edited and Arranged by:

ROMUALDO L. SEÑERIS II Silliman University College of Law

From the ANSWERS TO BAR EXAMINATION QUESTIONS by the UP LAW COMPLEX & Philippine Association of Law Schools

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CIVIL LAW Answers to the BAR as Arranged by Topics (Year 1990-2006)

FORWARD This work is not intended for sale or commerce. This work is freeware. It may be freely copied and distributed, nevertheless, PERMISSION TO COPY from the editors is ADVISABLE to protect the interest of the ORIGINAL SOURCES/REFERENCES of this material…. It is primarily intended for all those who desire to have a deeper understanding of the issues touched by the Philippine Bar Examinations and its trend. It is specially intended for law students from the provinces who, very often, are recipients of deliberately distorted notes from other unscrupulous law schools and students. Share to others this work and you will be richly rewarded by God in heaven. It is also very good karma.

We would like to seek the indulgence of the reader for some Bar Questions which are improperly classified under a topic and for some topics which are improperly or ignorantly phrased, for the authors are just Bar Reviewees who have prepared this work while reviewing for the Bar Exams under time constraints and within their limited knowledge of the law. We would like to seek the reader’s indulgence for a lot of typographical errors in this work.

The Authors

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CIVIL LAW Answers to the BAR as Arranged by Topics (Year 1990-2006)

Table of Contents GENERAL PRINCIPLES ....................................................................................................................................... 10 Civil law vs. Common Law (1997) ................................................................................................................................ 10 Effect of Obiter & Dissenting Opinion; SC Decisions (1994)......................................................................................... 10 Effectivity of Laws (1990) ............................................................................................................................................ 10 Equity follows the Law (2003) ...................................................................................................................................... 10 Ignorance of the Law vs. Mistake of Fact (1996)........................................................................................................... 11 Inferior Courts Decisions (1994) .................................................................................................................................. 11 Prejudicial Questions (1997)........................................................................................................................................ 11 PERSONS................................................................................................................................................................... 11 Change of Name; Under RA 9048 (2006) ...................................................................................................................... 11 Death; Effects; Simultaneous Death (1998).................................................................................................................. 12 Death; Effects; Simultaneous Death (1999).................................................................................................................. 12 Death; Effects; Simultaneous Death (2000).................................................................................................................. 12 Juridical Capacity vs. Capacity to Act (1996) ............................................................................................................... 12 Juridical Capacity; Natural Persons (1999) .................................................................................................................. 13 Waiver of Rights (2004) ............................................................................................................................................... 13 CONFLICT OF LAWS............................................................................................................................................. 13 Appilicable Laws; laws governing contracts (1992) ..................................................................................................... 13 Applicable Laws; Arts 15, 16 & 17 (1998) ..................................................................................................................... 13 Applicable Laws; Arts 15, 16, 17 (2002)........................................................................................................................ 14 Applicable Laws; Capacity to Act (1998)...................................................................................................................... 14 Applicable Laws; Capacity to Buy Land (1995) ............................................................................................................ 15 Applicable Laws; Capacity to Contract (1995).............................................................................................................. 15 Applicable Laws; capacity to succeed (1991)............................................................................................................... 15 Applicable Laws; contracts contrary to public policy (1996) ........................................................................................ 15 Applicable Laws; Contracts of Carriage (1995) ............................................................................................................ 16 Applicable Laws; Labor Contracts (1991) .................................................................................................................... 16 Applicable Laws; laws governing marriages (1992) ..................................................................................................... 17 Applicable Laws; laws governing marriages (2003) ..................................................................................................... 17 Applicable Laws; Sale of Real Property (1995)............................................................................................................. 17 Applicable Laws; Succession; Intestate & Testamentary (2001)................................................................................... 18 Applicable Laws; Sucession of Aliens (1995)............................................................................................................... 18 Applicable Laws; Wills executed abroad (1993) ........................................................................................................... 18 Definition; Cognovit; Borrowing Statute; Characterization (1994) ................................................................................ 18 Definition; forum non-conveniens; long-arm statute (1994) ......................................................................................... 19 Divorce; effect of divorce granted to former Filipinos; Renvoi Doctrine (1997)............................................................. 19 Domiciliary theory vs. Nationality Theory (2004).......................................................................................................... 19 Forum Non Conveniens & Lex Loci Contractus (2002)................................................................................................. 19 Nationality Theory (2004)............................................................................................................................................. 20 Naturalization (2003) ................................................................................................................................................... 20 Theory; significant relationships theory (1994)............................................................................................................ 20 Torts; Prescriptive Period (2004) ................................................................................................................................. 21 ADOPTION................................................................................................................................................................. 21 Adoption; Use of Surname of her Natural Mother (2006) .............................................................................................. 21 Inter-Country Adoption; Formalities (2005).................................................................................................................. 21 Parental Authority; Rescission of Adoption (1994) ...................................................................................................... 21 Qualification of Adopter (2005).................................................................................................................................... 22 Qualification of Adopter; Applicable Law (2001) .......................................................................................................... 22 Qualifications of Adopter (2000) .................................................................................................................................. 22 Qualifications of Adopter (2003) .................................................................................................................................. 23 Successional Rights of Adopted Child (2004) .............................................................................................................. 23 FAMILY CODE.......................................................................................................................................................... 23 Emancipation (1993).................................................................................................................................................... 23 Family Code; Retroactive Application; Vested Rights (2000)........................................................................................ 24

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CIVIL LAW Answers to the BAR as Arranged by Topics (Year 1990-2006)

Family Home; Dwelling House (1994) .......................................................................................................................... 24 Family; Constitutional Mandates; Divorce (1991)......................................................................................................... 24 Marriage; Annulment; Effects; Requisites Before Remarriage (1990) ........................................................................... 24 Marriage; Annulment; Grounds (1991)......................................................................................................................... 25 Marriage; Annulment; Judicial Declaration (1993)........................................................................................................ 25 Marriage; Annulment; Legal Separation; Prescription of Actions (1996) ...................................................................... 25 Marriage; Annulment; Proper Party (1990)................................................................................................................... 26 Marriage; Annulment; Proper Party (1995)................................................................................................................... 26 Marriage; Divorce Decree; Void Marriages (1992) ........................................................................................................ 26 Marriage; Divorce Decrees; Filiation of Children (2005) ............................................................................................... 26 Marriage; Divorce Decrees; Filipino Spouses becoming Alien (1996)........................................................................... 27 Marriage; Divorce Decrees; Filipino Spouses becoming Alien (1999)........................................................................... 27 Marriage; Donations by Reason of Marriage; Effect of Declaration of Nullity (1996) ..................................................... 28 Marriage; Grounds; Declaration of Nullity: Annulment: Legal Separation: Separation of Property (2003) ..................... 28 Marriage; Grounds; Nullity; Annulment; Legal Separation (1997)................................................................................. 29 Marriage; Legal Separation; Declaration of Nullity (2002)............................................................................................. 29 Marriage; Legal Separation; Grounds; Prescriptive Period (1994) ................................................................................ 29 Marriage; Legal Separation; Mutual guilt (2006) ........................................................................................................... 29 Marriage; Non-Bigamous Marriages (2006) .................................................................................................................. 30 Marriage; Property Relations; Void Marriages (1991) ................................................................................................... 30 Marriage; Psychological Incapacity (1996)................................................................................................................... 30 Marriage; Psychological Incapacity (2006)................................................................................................................... 31 Marriage; Psychological Incapacity (2006)................................................................................................................... 31 Marriage; Requisites (1995) ......................................................................................................................................... 31 Marriage; Requisites (1999) ......................................................................................................................................... 32 Marriage; Requisites; Marriage License (1996) ............................................................................................................ 32 Marriage; Requisites; Marriage License (2002) ............................................................................................................ 33 Marriage; Requisites; Solemnizing Officers (1994)....................................................................................................... 33 Marriage; Requisites; Void Marriage (1993) ................................................................................................................. 33 Marriage; Void Marriages (2004) .................................................................................................................................. 34 Marriage; Void Marriages (2006) .................................................................................................................................. 34 Marriage; Void Marriages; Psychological Incapacity (2002) ......................................................................................... 35 Parental Authority; Child under 7 years of age (2006) .................................................................................................. 35 Parental Authority; Special Parental Authority; Liability of Teachers (2003)................................................................. 35 Parental Authority; Substitute vs. Special (2004) ......................................................................................................... 35 Paternity & Filiation (1999) .......................................................................................................................................... 36 Paternity & Filiation; Artificial Insemination; Formalities (2006) ................................................................................... 36 Paternity & Filiation; Common-Law Union (2004)......................................................................................................... 36 Paternity & Filiation; Proofs; Limitations; Adopted Child (1995)................................................................................... 36 Paternity & Filiation; Recognition of illegitimate Child (2005)....................................................................................... 37 Paternity & Filiation; Rights of Legitimate Children (1990) ........................................................................................... 37 Presumptive Legitime (1999) ....................................................................................................................................... 38 Property Relations; Absolute Community (1994) ......................................................................................................... 38 Property Relations; Ante Nuptial Agreement (1995) ..................................................................................................... 39 Property Relations; Conjugal Partnership of Gains (1998) ........................................................................................... 39 Property Relations; Marriage Settlement; Conjugal Partnership of Gains (2005) .......................................................... 39 Property Relations; Marriage Settlements (1991) ......................................................................................................... 40 Property Relations; Marriage Settlements (1995) ......................................................................................................... 40 Property Relations; Obligations; Benefit of the Family (2000) ...................................................................................... 41 Property Relations; Unions without Marriage (1992) .................................................................................................... 41 Property Relations; Unions without Marriage (1997) .................................................................................................... 41 Property Relations; Unions without Marriage (2000) .................................................................................................... 42 SUCCESSION........................................................................................................................................................... 42 Amount of Successional Rights (2004) ........................................................................................................................ 42 Barrier between illegitimate & legitimate relatives (1993) ............................................................................................. 42 Barrier between illegitimate & legitimate relatives (1996) ............................................................................................. 43 Collation (1993) ........................................................................................................................................................... 43 Disinheritance vs. Preterition (1993) ............................................................................................................................ 43 Disinheritance; Ineffective (1999) ................................................................................................................................ 43 Disinheritance; Ineffective; Preterition (2000) .............................................................................................................. 44 Page 4 of 119

CIVIL LAW Answers to the BAR as Arranged by Topics (Year 1990-2006)

Heirs; Intestate Heirs; Reserva Troncal (1995) ............................................................................................................. 44 Heirs; Intestate ...