BIO 151 Lab Practical 2 Study Guide PDF

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BIO 151 – Human Anatomy and Physiology II Departmental Study Guide for Lab Practical 2 -FALL 2019 Students do not need to bring goggles or calculators to the practical. Calculators will be provided when needed. It is recommended that students should study using a variety of materials: 1. 2. 3. 4.

Lab manual exercises and lab reports including calculations and graphical data interpretation Slides and Microscopes at the Learning Commons Anatomy & Physiology Revealed software Photoatlas & Lab 8-Supplement (last two pages of this guide)

No Word Bank Provided – No Multiple Choice – Spelling Counts You will have 3 minutes for each station (3 questions at each station) NO RETURNING to stations If you have special accommodations please speak with your instructor well before the exam for instructions.

Approximate Question Breakdown Lab 7 Respiratory & Spirometry Lab 8 Ventral Cavity Organ Lab 9 Digestion Lab 10 Histology Lab 11 Urinary System Pelvis model Total number of questions

= 12 = 15 = 9 = 18 = 15 = 6 = 75

Lab 7 – Respiratory System and Spirometry A. Spirometry using BIOPAC® 1. Be familiar with the definitions (III.A.) and know how to identify all the major lung volumes and lung capacities of the spirogram (Figure 2. The Spirogram) in the lab manual. Know the full names and spelling and be able to identify them on a Biopac generated spirogram. 2. Be able to identify the Biopac spirometry equipment and understand how each piece of equipment is used. 3. Be able to do the same types of calculations you completed for your lab report. You should be able to calculate IC, VC, FRV, and TLC if given TV, IRV, ERV, and RV values. Do not memorize the formulas – they will be provided.

BIO 151 Lab Practical 2 Study Guide FALL 2019

2 4. Understand how the lung volumes (TV, IRV, ERV) were measured on a spirometer using Biopac and how they can be read off of a spirogram. 5. Know how to use the formula for calculating predicted vital capacity (VC). Do not memorize the formula- it will be provided for you. 6. Be able to identify a typical FVC graph and know how to calculate a FEV1 / FVC ratio using values determined from the graph. 7. Know what FEV1 and FVC values represent and what a normal ratio would be (>75%). 8. Also know that FVC should be > 80% of the predicted value to be considered normal.

B. Tissue Slides 1. Be able to identify and name specific structures for each slide listed in your lab manual: a. trachea; b. lungs. (see Study Resources).

Lab 8 – Ventral Body Cavity Organs A. Virtual Human Dissection 1. Be able to identify all the listed organs in your lab manual using Anatomy & Physiology Revealed® (APR) software and the lab manual photographs. Study Options: You can go to the Learning Commons to use the APR program there or access the APR online (see Study Resources at the end of study guide).

B. Human Model Observation 1. Be able to identify all the listed organs in your lab manual using human model. You should be able to identify both male and female structures. Note: The photos of the human model are provided as a supplement to your study guide (see last two pages).

C. Cat Dissection 1. Review the listed organs in your lab manual. You should be able to identify both male and female structures. Study Options: To review the cat system, you can use the Photographic Atlas as well as online resources.

Lab 9 – Digestion A. Emulsification 1. Understand what emulsification and emulsifiers mean and how the experiment was set up. 2. Be able to determine in which tube emulsification occurred. Give the purpose of the bile salt solution. 3. Relate the result to the role of bile during lipid digestion in the GI tract.

B. Lipid Digestion 1. Understand the lipid digestion, including the reactants, enzyme, products, and pH indicator.

BIO 151 Lab Practical 2 Study Guide FALL 2019

3 2. Know how the experiment was set up, and what are included in different tubes. Be able to identify the negative controls. 3. Provide the purpose of using the Heavy whipping cream (fat and pH indicator), Bile salts, and Lipase in the lipid digestion. Note: NaOH was occasionally used to correct the pH before the digestion. 4. Be able to identify tubes where the most, the least, and no digestion occurred through the color change. Provide the reason for the change of pH at the end of lipid digestion. Note: pH indicators (e.g. Bromothymol blue) are dyes that are used to indicate the pH of the solution via color change.

C. Protein Digestion 1. Understand the protein digestion, including the reactants, enzyme, products, and reagent. 2. Know how the experiment was set up, and what are included in different tubes. Be able to identify the negative controls. 3. Provide the purpose of using the Pepsin, HCl, and Biuret reagent in the protein digestion. 4. Be able to identify tubes where the most, the least, and no digestion occurred from the Biuret test. Provide the reason for the color observed.

D. Carbohydrate (Starch) Digestion 1. Understand the starch digestion, including the reactants, enzyme, products, and reagent. 2. Know how the experiment was set up, and what are included in different tubes. Be able to identify the negative controls. 3. Provide the purpose of using the Amylase, Starch, and Lugol’s (solution) reagent (indicator) in the starch digestion. 4. Be able to identify tubes where the most, the least and no digestion occurred from the Lugol’s reagent test. Provide the reason for the color observed.

Lab 10 – Histology A. APR® Histology Images 1. Be able to identify and name the specific organs and structures listed in your lab manual using APR® software for: a. liver; b. pancreas; c. ovary

B. Microscope slides 1. Be able to identify and name the specific organs and structures listed in your lab manual for slides: a. esophagus; b. duodenum; c. uterus; d. testis; e. sperm

BIO 151 Lab Practical 2 Study Guide FALL 2019

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Lab 11 – Urinary System and Urinalysis A. Urinalysis 1. Be able to identify the urine hydrometer and know how it is used to measure specific gravity. Know what specific gravity is and MEMORIZE the range for normal specific gravity values. 2. Know how to use tables 2 and 3 to determine possible diseases / dietary causes / drugs for unknown urine samples. Do not memorize the tables – just know how to use them. Note: Table 2 - Abnormal Urine Color and Possible Causes. Table 3 - Abnormal Urinalysis Results and Possible Causes. 3. Know what urine sediments are, and be able to categorize various urine sediments observed in lab as crystals, casts, cells, or mucus threads. 4. Know how to use the Urispec strips for determining urinalysis results.

B. Tissue Slides 1. Be able to identify and name specific structures of the kidney slide listed in your lab manual. (see Study Resources).

C. Human Pelvic Models (male and female) 1. Be able to identify and name specific organs listed in your lab manual on both male and female human pelvic models.

Study Resources o Learning Commons Hours and Resources  

Please use the link below to check/call to confirm hours and resources at your specific campus and check for holiday hours as well. Library Services: http://libguides.dccc.edu/lc?group_id=11957 (Today’s Hours)

o Microscope and Slides 

The tissue slides are available to review in the Learning Commons / Learning Resource Center at campuses where laboratories are held (Marple, Pennock’s Bridge, and Downingtown). You will need a valid DCCC student ID to check out slides and a microscope from the Circulation Desk.

o Anatomy and Physiology Revealed® (APR) program: 

The Anatomy and Physiology Revealed (APR) program can be accessed through the Connect website, if you have the access to McGraw-Hill Connect from your textbook. The APR program is installed on certain computers in the Learning Commons for student use. Please check with the Information Desk.

o Supplement for Lab 8 (Human Model for Organs) – Last 2 pages of this study guide.

BIO 151 Lab Practical 2 Study Guide FALL 2019

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Larynx (thyroid cartilage) Trachea Right Lung Left Lung Heart Diaphragm Liver Stomach Transverse colon Small intestine Sigmoid colon

Vas (ductus) Deferens Urinary bladder Spermatic cord Penis Epididymis Testis Urethra Scrotum

BIO 151 Lab Practical 2 Study Guide FALL 2019

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Left kidney

Right

BIO 151 Lab Practical 2 Study Guide FALL 2019...