BIOS251 - Chapter 4 FAN Mc Graw Hill PDF

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CHAPTER 4 FOLLOW ALONG NOTES – Wiethop May 2021 DNA STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION ________ is the structure within a cell that carries the genetic material for inheritance. It is found in the ______________________ and the ________________________ of the cell. DNA is commonly described to have a ________________________ structure that resembles a spiral staircase. DNA is made up of four __________________________________________. ________________________ pairs with ________________________ ________________________ pairs with ________________________ If you were to look into the nucleus of a cell for the DNA, you would find it not as only strands of a double helix structure but rather complexed with proteins and filaments into a structure called _________________ which can be further condensed into 46 _____________________.

CHAPTER 4 FOLLOW ALONG NOTES – Wiethop May 2021 PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

__________________________: occurs in the nucleus. The process by which genetic info encoded in __________ is copies into a strand of __________ to direct protein synthesis.

__________________________: occurs in the nucleus and is the process of reading __________ nucleotide sequence to determine the amino acid sequence of the newly formed protein.

Protein synthesis occurs on the __________________ of the ____________________________ ________________________.

CHAPTER 4 FOLLOW ALONG NOTES – Wiethop May 2021

After a protein has been synthesized, it must be modified, sorted, packaged, and sent off to its desired destination. The organelles involved in this process are: 1. ________________________________________________ 2. ________________________________________________

CELL DIVISION A human cell divides via ____________________, which is broken down into the following phases: A.) ___________________________: chromatin condenses into chromosomes and the nuclear membrane disappears and centrosomes move to the opposite poles

CHAPTER 4 FOLLOW ALONG NOTES – Wiethop May 2021

B.) ____________________________: centromeres of chromosomes line up at the ______________________ plate

C.) ____________________________: centromeres of chromosomes split, and sister chromatids move toward opposite poles of the cell

D.) ____________________________: the mitotic spindle dissolves, chromosomes regain their chromatin appearance, and a new nuclear membrane forms

CHAPTER 4 FOLLOW ALONG NOTES – Wiethop May 2021

E.) ____________________________: a cleavage furrow forms and eventually the cytoplasm of the patent cell fully splits

CONTROL OF CELL DESTINY Three possible destinies: 1. ________________________________________________________ 2. ________________________________________________________ 3. ________________________________________________________ REPRODUCTIVE CELL DIVISION Reproductive cells divide via: _________________________________

CHAPTER 4 FOLLOW ALONG NOTES – Wiethop May 2021

AGING AND CELLS As we age, our cells: 1. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 2. _____________________________________________________________________ 3. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ Cancer:...