Castration anxiety detailed definition in english PDF

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PSYc 165 week2 LECTURE NOTES about castration phobia. Age range, results and expected results are given...

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Castration anxiety, as we know, is a situation in men to face the threat of losing their penis and masculinity. This anxiety is based on both childhood experiences and traditions in some cultures in the male individual. In Freud's opinion, the man learns about the existence of his penis and qualifies the other sex without a penis as punished by the father. According to Freud's thought, this anxiety turns into traces that the person is subconsciously or currently aware of (Özmen, 2018). The male individual shows this movement, which he sees as an attack in childhood, by basing on 2 different emotions in adulthood. These two emotions are divided into two as oppression and a show of power. Both of these emotions have a basis indeed, but the reflections of this phobia cause gender roles that have become a huge problem today. The child, who threatens to lose the penis because of his love for his mother, gives up on the mother for his penis and becomes withdrawn. At this point, he divides life into two, the man who did not lose his penis, the woman who lost his penis. In other words, a boy with castration phobia connects femininity to a male organ at a younger age. This becomes a situation that underpins the existing gender roles today. (Özmen, 2018) Underlying the feeling of losing his masculinity is the idea that he will be castrated in childhood for fear of his father and that he will feel less important and become less important as a result of this eunuch.This fear causes the person to feel overwhelmed and weak in adulthood with years of anxiety. In some cases, even this weakness prevents the person from holding on to life. The attack on masculinity and the value is given to it in childhood weakens and victimizes a person in adulthood. This anxiety is born with "circumcision" in boys, especially in some cultures. In this case, performing circumcision during the period when the child learns himself and especially the sexual process (3-6) causes a lot of anxiety and fear of losing my sexual organ. (Bayraktar, 2018) Another expression of this anxiety type is aggression. He had the idea that his manhood was attacked in his childhood, and that he does not lose his masculinity becomes an element

of power in him. Unfortunately, this power factor formed the sexist societies that exist today. The attack he experienced in his past, adulthood; He thinks he has the strength of his masculinity through machismo, superiority in traffic, and, unfortunately, murder. The fact that the man has not lost his penis makes him think of superiority at some points. In general, the return of the castration fears that men experienced in their childhood to them in adulthood are also of great concern to society. It causes weak and weak individuals in society, as well as the existence of individuals who continue their lives with male-dominated thinking.

REFERENCES Özmen, E. (2018, November 29). Oedipus karmaşası (XXIV): kastrasyon (I). Birikimdergisi. https://birikimdergisi.com/haftalik/9229/oedipus-karmasasi-xxiv-kastrasyon-i Bayraktar, Z. (2018). Elektif erkek sünneti; medikolegal tartışmalar ve güncel literatür. Yeni Üroloji Dergisi. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/639256

The superego is the restrictive and prohibitive decision-making mechanism of the individual. When I think of a society made up of individuals, I see that the superego feeds on society. Because, in general, the superego is the situation of individuals who try to prevent this decision by reminding social norms at the time of decision making. The superego is born and thrives with the family, with prohibitions and rewards. The superego takes over the role of parenting in adulthood. But the superego becomes a rather prescriptive and communityminded parent. (Öner, 2017) However, as the superego develops and grows in the individual, it has also grown and developed in societies over time. When we think of 50 years ago, the superego influenced the culture and tradition of the individual more brutally. Since traditionalism came to the fore, individuals primarily tried to act according to their traditions and customs. For example, with the marriage of a woman who grew up in a very traditional family, sexuality was not a talkable subject for her, because the superego she formed did not allow it. (Öner, 2017) Therefore, we can express that the id and ego are defeated by the superego. Superego is a decision-making mechanism that is more dominant by eastern cultures in the past and still today. In particular, situations such as virginity, marital suitability, choice of clothes, and sharing of dating status are quite common in cultures where the superego is dominant. Because, for example, although some eastern cultural civilizations are not fully developed in terms of sexual orientation today, the west was a little better in this regard. Fifty years ago, LGBT was not discussed as it is today, people suppressed their identity and obeyed social rules more. The possibility for a man to love a man and the idea of marrying a woman would not even be in mind. This is why in the past the superego was so strict about it. It was common for people to accept what was right according to social values. At some point, this was the key to a peaceful and happy life. The world's collective superego has evolved, even if we consider west and east separately. Even if not simultaneously, gradually collective

superego changes are experienced by country policies among countries. For example, sharing photos on social media is a very sensitive superego war all over the world. Over time, there has been a war with technology, but this is quite dominant. As much as people care about what other people think of their photographs, they try to avoid lynching from their own culture. To take another view of the collective superego, people still haven't fully beaten the superego for LGBT in eastern civilizations, while today LGBT is a more respected community and has broken some taboos than in the past. Families still keep the mother example for girls and the father example for boys constant, at this point, children are not given freedom. (Kaya, n.d.) The greatest proof of this is that this situation is experienced by individuals mostly in secret and rarely openly in our country. This shows us that although the superego evolves, the collective superego preserves itself at some point and does not disappear. Unlike the past, although the superego has just as much influence, it has become a more common decision-making mechanism in people's lives due to social media. Since the superego is stored with experiences and moral codes, people's future behavior will continue to emerge. (Sugarman, 2002)

REFERENCES Öner, B. (2018, December). A commentary on “key” novel of cuniciro tanizaki according to structural personality theory. Kırklareli Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/390613 Kaya,U. (n.d.). Kişilik Gelişimi. Antalya Özel Eğitim. http://www.antalyaozelegitim.com/blog/psikolojik-degerlendirme-ve-danisma/kisilikgelisimi.html Sugarman, Alan. (2002). Superego. Sciencedirect. https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/superego...