Chapter 4 study guide - All that is on the exam PDF

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All that is on the exam...

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CHAPTER 4 Fundamentals of Biology Definitions – be able to define and recognize an example of the following: Carbohydrates

Osmoconformers

Proteins

Osmoregulators

Amino acids

ectotherms

Hormones

endotherms

Lipids

poikilotherms

Nucleic acids/DNA

homeotherms

Nucleotides

asexual reproduction

Photosynthesis

sexual reproduction

Autotrophs

Gametes

Heterotrophs

homeotherms

Cellular respiration

asexual reproduction

Primary production

sexual reproduction

Inorganic molecules

Gametes

Prokaryotic

Hermaphrodites

Eukaryotic

Natural selection/Evolution

Diffusion

Taxonomy

Osmosis

biological species concept phylogenetics

Comparison/Give examples Understand the levels of organization in the animal kingdom (atom through organism to ecosystem) How do organisms deal with salinity? How are osmoconformers different from osmoregulators? How are ectotherms different from endotherms? How are poikilotherms different from homeotherms? What combination would we consider “cold-blooded”? Warm-blooded? Name an exception to these groupings. Compare asexual to sexual reproduction. Compare broadcast spawning to internal fertilization. Under what conditions would broadcast spawning be best suited?

General concepts What makes a molecule organic, and what are the four main categories? What are the basic components of a eukaryotic cell? Understand why ice floats when it freezes. Why is this important biologically? What is meant when we say that water is the universal solvent? Under what conditions does salinity change? How are waves formed? How are high and low tides formed? How do spring and neap tides differ? How do tides affect marine organisms? Understand how natural selection works and leads to the evolution of new traits How does taxonomy provide us with information? What is the order of organization? Domain -> Kingdom -> etc…...