Compartment Syndrome PDF

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Summary

ATI Therapeutic Procedure for Compartment Syndrome...

Description

ACTIVE LEARNING TEMPLATE:

Therapeutic Procedure

STUDENT NAME _____________________________________

Compartment Syndrome PROCEDURE NAME ____________________________________________________________________

REVIEW MODULE CHAPTER ___________

Description of Procedure Perform neurovascular assessment: the 5 P's Pain, Pulse, Pallor, Paresthesia, Paralysis Early recognition through regular neurovascular assessments

Indications Compartment syndrome: assessed by using five P’s (pain, paralysis, paresthesia, pallor, and pulselessness). Increased pain unrelieved with elevation or by pain medication. Intense pain when passively moved. Paresthesia or numbness, burning, and tingling are early manifestations. Paralysis, motor weakness, or inability to move extremity indicate major nerve damage and are late manifestations. Color of tissue is pale (pallor), and nail beds are cyanotic. Pulselessness is a late manifestation of compartment syndrome. Palpated muscles are hard and swollen from edema.

Outcomes/Evaluation If untreated, tissue necrosis can result. Neuromuscular damage occurs within 4 to 6 hr.

Potential Complications Muscle scarring Infection Ischemia can occur within 4-8 hours ⇢ necrosis ⇢ AMPUTATION Permanent nerve damage Rhabdomyolysis

ACTIVE LEARNING TEMPLATES

CONSIDERATIONS

Nursing Interventions (pre, intra, post) Prevention includes the following. Assess neurovascular status frequently. Early recognition via regular neurovascular assessments Notify the provider when compartment syndrome is suspected. The provider will cut the cast on one side (univalve) or both sides (bivalve). Loosen the constrictive dressing or cut the bandage or tape

Client Education Instruct the client to report pain not relieved by analgesics or pain that continues to increase in intensity. Remind the client to report numbness, tingling, or a change in color of the extremity.

Nursing Interventions Assess urine output and kidney function NO elevation above heart NO ice Loosen bandage and split (bivalve) cast Reduce traction weight Surgical decompression -- fasciotomy

THERAPEUTIC PROCEDURE

A13...