Consciousness Study Guide (AP Psychology) PDF

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Consciousness Study Guide (AP Psychology)...

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Levels of Consciousness -

Conscious -

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Preconscious/Subconscious -

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Perceptions/thoughts

Memories/stored knowledge

Unconscious -

Selfish needs, immoral urges, fears, violent motives, irrational wishes -

FREUD: unconscious is hiding place for anxiety-provoking ideas; uncovering these is healing.

Circadian rhythm and the 25 hour cycle -

Early research into circadian rhythms suggested that most people preferred a day closer to 25 hours when isolated from external stimuli like daylight and timekeeping.

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Our natural daily 24-hour cycle could be stretched by an extra hour safely and simply by exposure to pulses of bright light -

"Jet-lag, shift work and circadian disorders such as advanced and delayed sleep phase syndromes are all associated, to different extents, with a condition where the circadian system is out of synchrony with the light/dark cycle.”

Owl-lark distinction Role of suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) -

A tiny region within the hypothalamus that controls circadian rhythms.

The dream theories

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Activation Synthesis

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Freud - manifest and latent content, symbolism

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Information Processing

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Memory Encoding and Consolidation

The sleep cycle and characteristics of each stage of sleep (in detail) - Stages 1, 2, 3, 4, and REM, brain waves associated with each stage, hypnagogic sensations, sleep spindles, paradoxical sleep, etc

-NREM vs REM sleep Sleep cycle through the lifespan - how it changes Effects of sleep deprivation and sleep deprivation research Sleep disorders Sleep Apnea, Insomnia (2 major types and treatments), Narcolepsy and cataplexy, Bruxism, Myoclonus, SIDS, REM sleep behavior disorder Nightmares vs. Night Terrors During which stage does sleepwalking occur? Lucid dreaming Hypnosis heories of hypnosis Drugs (classification, drug effects, impact on neurotransmitters) - agonists vs antagonists, tolerance & withdrawal, stimulants, depressants, hallucinogens (chart on p. 124) Biological, Psychological, and Social Influences on Drug Use (chart in book p. 126)...