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Understanding CultureSociety and PoliticsQuarter 2 – Module 3:Concept, Characteristics andForms of Stratification SystemsUnderstanding Culture Society and Politics Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 2 – Module 3: Concept, Characteristics and Forms of Stratification Systems First Edition, 2020Republic...

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Understanding Culture Society and Politics Quarter 2 – Module 3: Concept, Characteristics and Forms of Stratification Systems

Understanding Culture Society and Politics Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 2 – Module 3: Concept, Characteristics and Forms of Stratification Systems First Edition, 2020 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Published by the Department of Education Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module Writer:

Ferd Francis P. Alamag

Editors:

Alfred James A. Ellar James Angelo T. Año Leonardo C. Cargullo Emily R. Quintos Asher H. Pasco Jesusa L. Partosa Alfonso V. Mabuting Johncent Roy C. Tibordo Shiela Mae L. Ortiz Maria Babylyn B. Nevalga Armando D. Ison Allan Gilbert M. Jain Maria Cristina F. Lim Regional Director: Wilfredo E. Cabral CLMD Chief: Job S. Zape Jr. Regional ADM Coordinator: Elaine T. Balaogan Regional Librarian: Fe M. Ong-ongowan Schools Division Superintendent: Cherrylou D. Repia Assistant Schools Division Superintendent: Elias A. Alicaya, Jr. & Ivan Bryan L. Inductivo CID Chief: Elpidia B. Bergado Division EPS In Charge of LRMS: Noel S. Ortega Learning Area EPS: Emily R. Quintos

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Understanding Culture Society and Politics Quarter 2 – Module 3: Concept, Characteristics and Forms of Stratification Systems

Introductory Message For the facilitator: Welcome to the Understanding Culture, Society and Politics for Grade 11 & 12 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on on Concept, Characteristics and Forms of Stratification Systems.

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling. This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and circumstances. In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher This contains helpful tips or strategies that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

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For the learner: Welcome to the Understanding Culture Society and Politics Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Concept, Characteristics and Forms of Stratification Systems (MELC 9). This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner. This module has the following parts and corresponding icons: What I Need to Know

What I Know

What’s In What’s New

What is It

This will give you an idea of the skills or competencies you are expected to learn in the module. This part includes an activity that aims to check what you already know about the lesson to take. If you get all the answers correct (100%), you may decide to skip this module. This is a brief drill or review to help you link the current lesson with the previous one. In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to you in various ways such as a story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an activity or a situation. This section provides a brief discussion of the lesson. This aims to help you discover and understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More

This comprises activities for independent practice to solidify your understanding and skills of the topic. You may check the answers to the exercises using the Answer Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned

This includes questions or blank sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do

This section provides an activity which will help you transfer your new knowledge or skill into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment

Additional Activities

This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of mastery in achieving the learning competency. In this portion, another activity will be given to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the

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lesson learned. This also tends retention of learned concepts. Answer Key

This contains answers to all activities in the module.

At the end of this module you will also find: The following are some reminders in using this module: 1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises. 2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities included in the module. 3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task. 4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers. 5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next. 6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it. If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone. We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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What I Need to Know This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master the nature of Understanding Culture Society and Politics. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using. The module is about the concept, characteristics and forms of stratification systems using sociological perspectives (MELC Week 9). After going through this module, you are expected to: 1. identify the concept of stratification using a pyramid of social classes; 2. compare and contrast the characteristics of two forms of stratification systems using a Venn diagram; 3. identify social mobility and social inequality in understanding stratification systems in sociological perspectives; and 4. view stratification systems as a way for social mobility and a reason of social inequality in the society.

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What I Know

Multiple Choice. Read each item carefully and encircle the letter that corresponds to the correct answer. 1. Does social stratification persist across generations? a. No, because everyone believes he or she belongs to a social class already. b. Yes, stratification serves to categorize and rank members of society across generations resulting in different life chances c. Yes, because it shows up in every society in the world but how exactly it looks like vary from society to society d. No, it does not affect any generation in any parts of the world 2. How do you describe a caste system? a. It is an open system of stratification requiring the element of meritocracy for social mobility. b. It is a close system of stratification in which an individual is restricted to his or her social class only. c. It is an open system of stratification with a combination of achieved and ascribed status. d. Caste system is universal in every society in the world. 3. What important factor is highlighted in class system for some social mobility? a. Race b. Power c. Meritocracy d. Wealth 4. Which of the following groups belong to the upper class during the Philippine pre-colonial social stratification? a. The Maharlika b. The Alipin c. The Timawa d. The Maginoo 5. Which of the following groups belong to the lower class during the Philippine pre-colonial social stratification? a. The Maharlika b. The Alipin c. The Timawa d. The Maginoo 6. In class system, is social mobility possible? a. Yes, because class system has element of meritocracy based on personal achievements and talents of a person. b. No, because a man, in any chances, can’t change his or her own social class. c. No, because of social control restriction based on a set of strong cultural and religious beliefs.

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d. No, because class system has no element of meritocracy resulting in an immense social inequality. 7. Why could social stratification be considered as a form of social belief? a. Beliefs are universal in every society in the world. b. Everyone believes that he or she belongs to a social class. c. Beliefs about social stratification that inform people what it means to deserve wealth, success or power. d. It continues from generation to generation in every society. 8. Which of the following is not considered as a social class? a. Castaways b. Lower class c. Middle class d. Higher class 9. In caste system, is social mobility possible? a. Yes, because caste system has element of meritocracy that is based on personal achievements and talents of a person. b. Yes, because a man, in any chances, can change his or her own social class. c. No, because of social control restriction based on a set of strong cultural and religious beliefs. d. Yes, because anyone can achieve greatness as long as he or she works hard for it. 10. How does social stratification started in the society? a. As societies evolved and became more complex, it began to elevate some members of the society through land acquisition and gaining social status. b. It started when people think that they can afford to invest into material things. c. It started when a person can buy a lot of foods and drinks for his family. d. The elements of meritocracy that is based on personal merit and achievement of a person. 11. Which of the following choices best define the concept of social stratification? a. It refers to people living in immense poverty. b. It pertains to people in elite category c. It refers to grouping of social classes base on the factors such as power, wealth, and prestige. d. It is the study of indigenous people. 12. Which of these choices gives a broader differentiation between the upper class and lower class? a. The upper class are those who have fancy cars while the lower class are those who are less fortunate individuals. b. The upper class are those elite group of people while the lower class are those underprivileged who struggled to make ends meet on a daily basis. c. The lower class are those who seek financial help and support from the government while the upper class are those business owners. d. The lower class are those with nothing to invest from while the upper class are those who can travel the world without worrying for financial stability.

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13. Why is social stratification be considered as universal but variable? a. Because everyone is entitled to be part of a social class b. Because a man, in any chances, can change his/her own social class c. Because social stratification is based on the factors such as power, wealth and prestige d. Because it shows up in every society in the world but how exactly it looks like vary from society to society 14. Which type of status is earned by an individual? a. Single status b. Ascribed status c. Achieved status d. In a relationship status 15. Which of the following describes the upper class? a. A person who can afford to buy clothes and shoes b. A person who do not have enough money to make ends meet c. A person who owned businesses, and is an investor d. A person who can buy a lot of foods and drinks for his family

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What’s In

THE PREVIOUS LESSON INSTRUCTION. Read the given text below. Then, answer each question properly on the space provided. A Filipino child, at five years old, can start going to school under the Universal Kindergarten of Basic Education program. With this, a child can learn alphabet, numbers, shapes, colors, and parts of the body in their mother tongue and can learn how to socialize with their peer through dances, songs, games, and storytelling until a child reaches junior to senior high school wherein a student can learn complex concepts and theories. QUESTION 1: Which Philippine educational system agency is being referred by the given text? Explain the goals of this institution in achieving quality education on basic education level. __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ After a child graduates from Grade 12, he/she has to choose whether he/she will pursue higher education where professionals are being built and molded. This level holds both the tertiary level, such as any bachelor degree and graduate levels, such as masters or doctoral degree. This is an avenue for learning different professions such as doctors, lawyers, IT professionals, educators, engineers, biologists, etc. QUESTION 2: Which Philippine educational system agency is being referred by the given text? Explain the goals of this institution in achieving quality education on tertiary and graduate levels.

__________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________

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Every Filipino should not be left behind in terms of education. That is why in the Philippine educational system, the State provides an avenue for learning and discovery for every citizen who is not able to go to elementary, high school, or even college. It is through learning and gaining new skills and knowledge, and being able to complete a set of different lessons, with national certification, related to masonry, baking, cooking, carpentry, midwifery, etc. QUESTION: Which Philippine educational system agency is being referred by the given text? Explain the goals of this institution in helping Filipinos achieve their full potential in acquiring skills and competencies. __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ . CONNECTING THE PREVIOUS LESSON TO NEW LESSON

What do you think is the effect of online learning to different social classes if this type of learning opportunity becomes standard in Philippine education during the time of COVID-19 pandemic? Write your insights on the space provided. __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________

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What’s New

ACTIVITY: The Pyramid of Social Classes INSTRUCTION: In the pyramid of social classes shown below, fill in the boxes to indicate the social class that is supposed to be placed in each level. Write in the box the corresponding social class based on the pyramid of social classes.

ACTIVITY: The Classes They Belong INSTRUCTION: After placing each category in the pyramid, it is your turn to categorize the given personas based on their wealth, power, socio-economic capability, prestige and achievements. Write your answer on the space provided. PEOPLE

DESCRIPTION SOCIAL CLASS Henry Sy is a man with a “rags turn into riches” kind of tale. He enrolled himself to school and was able to graduate in college with a degree in ______________ Commerce from Far Eastern University. He established a small shoe store in Quiapo, Manila in 1958 named “Shoe Mart” that eventually marked the establishment of SM

HENRY SY, SR.

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Prime Holdings. Now, he holds three of the most valuable companies in the Philippines: SM Investments Corp. and SM Prime Holdings Inc., valued at over Php 1 trillion each, and BDO Unibank, valued at around Php 635 million. Lucio C. Tan, Sr. is a Chinese-Filipino businessman and educator with interests in banking, airline, liquor, tobacco, real estate industries, and education. In 2013, Forbes magazine listed him as the second richest billionaire in the Philippines with a net worth of $7.5 billion. These are individuals or group of people whose income or salary can meet their needs and wants, and enjoy the privilege in investing to education and eventually use it to their advantage. These people are professionals whose status in the society is called achieved status.

LUCIO C. TAN, SR.

ENGINEER

DOCTOR

______________

LAWYER These are individuals or group of people who have just enough income to have a

COMMONER

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______________

normal lifestyle. Mostly, they earn daily minimum wage and receive regular benefits. ANALYSIS: Something to think about INSTRUCTION. Answer the given set of questions based on the previous two activities. Write your answer on the space provided. WHAT. What makes an individual or group of people belong to upper, middle, or lower class? Explain the basis for your answer. __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________...