Deviance PDF

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Deviance and Counterculture Deviance (definitions) Strain theory Strain theory when there is a lack of fit between goals and means to acieve their goals Leads to deviance

Responses to strain 1) Conformity strive for material success by working hard (credit cards to buy the dream) 2) Innovation: accept the cultural form of success but reject the convention. Crime, steal 3) Ritualism: go through the motions accept the means to achieve goals but are not motivated by the goals themselves. Mechanically doing your job but not motivated to do more beacause you know it is futile to try 4) Retreatism: adjust to strain by dropping out of the system. Losing your confidence in it and your abiity to function in it. Alcoholism, drug addiction, unemployed lethargy. Retreat into alternative lifestyle. Counterculture 5) Rebellion: perform acts intended to replace the current cultural goals and means with new ones.

Cultural support theory people learn mainstream norms through communication: we are in uni because weve learned to value this sort of practice as part of our lifestyle people learn deviant behavior from others aswell (norms that justify stealing at work) our society is culturally complex. We know not to break rules, but sometimes we justify deviant behavior. Convincing ourselves that the rules don’t apply to the situation

Control theory Assumption: humans are greedy, hurtful and deceitful -lying and heating are the easiest wats to get what you want -secual excess and grug abuse are more enjoyable than studyng and working hard People will engage in deviant behavior whenever they can get away with it Question is: why do some break cultural rules most of us engge in? to when does social control break down, allowing people to be their true evil selves

Network of conventional others: the tighter and more numerous network you have the more social control is exerted, the less likely deviant behavior will be No way to separate control from cultural learning and social inclusion Acceptance of one or the other of these theories depend on assumption of human behavior People will be deviant when no 1 is looking

Cult Small group of people having religious beliefs or practices regarded by others as strange How cults seduce They hook you in. Cults seduce at risk people: 1)boundaries: cults have boundaries. You are either in or out Firewall: protective barrier Only people commited are fully in the know Outsiders are kept in the dark Fire is also an informational firewall Only those inside know the truth 2) initiation: Selecting recruits -they focus not on who they can get but who is ready. Cults prey on people that are experiencing strain. Premie cult members must bring a friend

Baiting the hook. No one wakes up one day and says “I know, ill join a cult” Cults bait you in High propensity for repeat visits During this course, you are initiated to a world view that says ‘learning the ways od this cult is the read purpose to my life’ Premie’s bait is transcendental meditation

Love bombing: They love and accept you to lure you in. Humans need a sense of belonging and they provide it. Matriculation: In order to join you have to be invited and experience an initiation Makes you feel special. Joining a cult is deviant behavior 3) customs: Pyramid: -they don’t treat everyone the same There is an emotional pyramid, the best ones are treated the best. Jehovah’s witness is known as the watchtower

DUTIES: -cults keep people very busy. To busy to stop and think -duties do the leg work: rectrut, improve whatever needs fixing, sell crafts. -get promoted through hierarchies as reward for loyalty and achievement -idleness is a sin! The most common complaint by ex cult members is that all their spare time is spent on the cult

4) Ideology The leader/apostles Cults tend to be personality cults The leaders story is the story of the cult. Their word is law Access to the leader is an exclusive reward to the higher ups These act as apostles, evangelists and gate-keepers The word: cults have their own vocabulary, way of speaking This has a powerful effect, words are concepts and thoughts Cults also foreclose awkward depate with wise sayings

To speak like us is to belong Scientology has an exclusive proprietary language Belief system: -cults are masters of disciplined, simple formatting -part of their appeal is a simple black and white view of reality far from the mess of real relations and life conflicts -constant repetition of the same format displaces all else with this simple core: chanting, reciting, committing -the clarity of scientology is based on the fact that it is 100% right and if you don’t get it you need handling. If you don’t absorb everything you have to resit a course at your own expense. The rules: Arbitrary restrictions and rules, oddities and experiences reinforce a way of life. Through the looking glass Ritual experiences underline the otherness of this world Cutting ties with your mundane old existence is key to making this alternate reality the reality

Beyond cults (what other things may be cult-like?) There are other things that are cultlike. Some companies market cult like: Starbucks: pay more to feel exclusive Invented their own language: feel exclusive

Subculture Counterculture Deviant

Main culture is consumer capitalist culture Sub culture – cyber, emo, goth Counter culture – a different way of acting that challenges mainstream culture. Hippy generation – was more consumer than any culture Anarchy – don’t trust government. Hip hop – coopted. Oppressed underclass. My addidas -it started off that people that went to jail would wear addidas -white teenage boys wanted to be edgy...