Ecological Science and Red Lotus Health and Wellbeing Model PDF

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Teacher - Kara Lilly
Ecological Science; and Application of Red Lotus Health and Wellbeing Model...

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Lecture 4 Ecological Science and determinates of health models: 

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Public health priorities are complex – due to many interrelated determinants. o Paramedic science – injury related o Dietetics – food security o Chronic and infectious diseases – Medical o Environmental students – environmental change, pollution ex. Healthy ageing determinants – Increasing healthy ageing population; what people need through individual to population to be healthy and well during ageing years o Some relate to individual choices  Tobacco free living  Self-management  Alcohol and drug use o Some relate to environment that people live in:  Community Support  Quality of housing  Social environment – access to health services, social inclusion. Maternal determinants for non and partial childhood immunisation o WRITE Holistic, ecological health paradigm (set of assumptions, concepts, values and practices that constitute a way of viewing reality for a community that shares them; especially in an intellectual disciplines) – health created by complex interactions between broad range of health determinants. o Biomedical health –  focuses on biological factors and absence of disease or injury of the human body.  Disease and infirmity  Physical health and well-being of people. o Behavioural health –  builds on the biomedical health paradigm  Behavioural risk factors  emphasis on physical health behaviours of people. For ex – tobacco and alcohol use.  emphasises the absence of unhealthy behaviours and risk factors for disease and injury with a focus primarily on physical human body. o New public health argues that a broader view of health is required due to the complexity of health well-being and priorities. o Holistic, ecological health paradigm  Builds on the biomedical and behavioural paradigm by incorporating physical, mental, spiritual, and social health well-being dimensions of people.  Minds + bodies + spirits – holistic health.  Behaviours + environments + connections.  These behaviours of people that promote good health reflects healthy working environments in which people live.

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Ecological Science – understanding complexity o Ecological science draws on system’s theory recognises that people individually and collectively exist in multiple ecosystems. o Recognises that health is determined by complex interactions between people and the environment – including their biological status, values, beliefs and behaviours; and their social, cultural, political; and natural environments. o All parts of the whole system affect each other. o Whole greater than the sum of the parts. Holistic, ecological health paradigm o Individual level determinants  Biological status: Individual person or population’s – Genetics, age, ethnicity, existing state of health and well-being  Socio-economic status: an individual or population’s level of education, employment status or income.  Cognitive factors: individual person or population’s knowledge, attitudes, beliefs.  Behaviours: individual person or population’s physical, mental, social and spiritual. o Environmental Level determinants:  Social, cultural economic, political, natural and built environments. Health and well-being models based on ecological science to understand the complexity fo public health priorities: o Butterfly model of Health for an Ecosystem Context (1999)  Health is defined by society as a social, economic and biological resource.  The capacity for health is dependent on the equitable balance between the socio-economic and biophysical environments.  Body of the butterfly represents the health of an individual or population which is made up of multiple concepts including mind, body and spirit – holistic health.  People are placed within and enveloped by biological and behavioural filters which determine the degree of impact from the immediate both physical and socio-economic environments which are represented by the wings of the butterfly. These two environments influence each other through the actions of people.  The immediate both physical and socio-economic environments are also influenced by the external socio-economic and physical environment represented by the antenna of the butterfly.  The socio-economic environment include different human structural elements and functional features that influence and that are influenced by human health.  The biophysical environments include biophysical and structural elements and functional features that influence and are influenced by human health.  The arrows and broken lines are used in the model to identify relationships and represent permeability that enables the self organisation of this ecosystem through positive and negative feedback.  Health is present when the two wings of the butterfly are equal and present and neither is dominating or pressuring the other.

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Red Lotus Health and Wellbeing Model (2007):  Understanding health component is represented by the pods, stamens and first petal layer.  Pod – Holistic health and wellbeing of people  People at individual and family level or other types of communities.  Each seed represents an individual and each pod contains various individuals.  People’s health and well-being status is holistic and includes interrelated: o Mental: Cognitive and emotional functions. o Physical: Bodies o Spiritual: Connection with the universe, a higher power or nature o Social: relationships with other people  Stamens – individual level determinants and People’s characteristics that interact with environment conditions that determine health outcomes including:  Biological status o Age, o Gender o Ethnicity o Genetics  Socio-economic status o Education o Employment o Income  Cognitive factors o Knowledge o Attitudes o Values o Beliefs  Behaviours o Physical o Mental o Social o Spiritual  

First Petal Layer – environmental level determinants Immediate and external environmental conditions that interact with the characteristics of people to determine their health outcomes including:  Natural Environmental determinants (1st petal): o Basic Needs:  Food, air and water  Minimal noise  Soil degradation and loss  Waste management

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o Biodiversity o Atmospheric change o Influence and influenced by people actions. Built Environmental determinants of health – manmade (2nd petal) o Influence and influenced by people actions: o Houses o Workplaces o Leisure facilities o Shopping centres o Childcare, schools, universities o Streets and roads o Urbanisation Social-environmental determinants of health (3rd petal) o Social capital – decisiveness or cohesiveness of the society o Social justice – equitable distribution of resources within the society o Social and cultural structures- health, childcare, education services, and cultural diversity and support structures within the society. Economic-environmental determinants of health (4th petal) o Wealth distribution o Economic policies:  Economic growth  Privatisation  International Trade Political environmental determinants: (5th petal) o Political ideology (system) o Policy environment o Legislative environment...