EGG Shaped Building Proposal PDF

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Summary

It will be very beneficial for you as there are many short questions and diagrams to discuss....

Description

To Study the Functions and Materials used in Egg Shaped Building

Table of Contents 1

Introduction: ......................................................................................................................... 2

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Literature Review: ................................................................................................................ 3

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Reasons / Justification for Selection of the Topic: ............................................................... 6

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Areas of Application: ........................................................................................................... 6

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Aim and Objectives: ............................................................................................................. 6

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Methodology: ....................................................................................................................... 6

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References ............................................................................................................................ 9

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1

Introduction:

A dome with an oval plan or profile (or both) is referred to as an oval dome. As a result, an oval dome has an egg-shaped form. The first oval-plan structures were constructed without regard for a planned form, only to enclose a space in the most cost-effective manner. The geometry was eventually specified by circular arcs with similar tangents at the locations of curvature change. Later, the oval took on a more regular shape with two symmetry axes. As a result, a "oval" can be described as an egg-shaped form that is doubly symmetric and formed using circular arcs; an oval must have at least four centres, but numerous centres are also conceivable. The above definition relates to the genesis and usage of oval forms in architecture, and it may be used without difficulty up to the seventeenth century, for example. From then on, the study of conics in elementary geometry courses taught learned people to regard the oval as a "imperfect ellipse," a curve formed from circular arcs that approximated the ellipse of the same axes: an oval was, then, a curve formed from circular arcs that approximated the ellipse of the same axes. The ellipse has been utilised relatively seldom in architecture, as we will see. Finally, a smooth closed convex curve is defined as an oval in current geometry textbooks, a more generic term that encompasses the two preceding definitions but is of no special value in the study of the usage of oval shapes in architecture. Because the round form mirrors the surrounding natural materials such as the soil, stones, and tree trunks, ovoid, or egg-shaped, structures are considered an indigenous design in architecture. According to some architects, an egg-shaped building is the outcome of unprecedented levels of architectural innovation, technology, and imagination, resulting in wiser and healthier cities. In a Financial Times storey last year, Hong Kong-based architect James Law was reported as saying, "New technologies enable for curved glass to be moulded, cut, and attached to more free-flowing designs without being unreasonably costly." However, depending on the ideologies of the society where it sits, other egg-shaped structures are almost symbolic—incubators of ideas and embodiments of perfection. Following are some of the world's most recognisable egg-shaped structures that are also considered architectural wonders as different countries commemorated World Egg Day on

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Oct. 12 to raise awareness of the numerous health advantages of eggs and their significance to nutrition. The Gherkin is a London landmark. 30 The Gherkin, also known as St Mary Axe, is one of London's most recognisable buildings. The office building, which opened in 2004, is located in the heart of London's financial district. China's National Grand Theater The National Grand Theater, also known as the Beijing National Center for the Performing Arts, is a spectacular glass and titanium egg-shaped edifice created by Paul Andreu, a French architect. New York's The Egg Albany, New York's The Egg is a performing arts venue. The ovoid structure designed by Wallace Harrison took 12 years to complete, commencing in 1966. Paraaque City's Fortune Egg Dreamland is a fictional city in the United States. The Fortune Egg is an iconic building in Manila, which inaugurated in 2015. The resort's golden futuristic-looking egg-shaped dome contains two of the trendiest worldwide nightclub brands, Pangaea and Chaos, which are recognised for bringing in top-notch performers from all over the world. 2

Literature Review:

Rounded shapes, many of which were not mathematically defined, have been employed in architecture from antiquity. These circular shapes are known as "ovals." The ancient builders were searching for the simplest and most cost-effective way to enclose an area. Some of these plans were mathematically specified utilising cords and pegs to regulate their shapes, i.e., utilising circular arcs or combinations of them, as methods improved. Around 4000 B.C., these enclosures were first covered with masonry, which was done by cantilevering stones to build successive rings until the gap was closed at the top. This is now known as a "false dome." Domes were used to create "stone houses," and the technology was likely established in the setting of permanent agricultural communities. It's 3

a type of building known as vernacular today. In certain nations, the same construction technology has remained to the present day. (The vernacular structures of piedra seca, or dry stone, in Mallorca, for example, are akin to the early instances in Asia Minor [Rubió 1914].) The invention of the arch apparently came later than that of the dome. The first arches were built in Mesopotamia or Egypt circa 3500 B.C. to construct the permanent covering of tombs. The books of Besenval [1984] and El-Naggar [1999] contain the most information on arch and vault building in those times. The original arches were made of shabby bricks. It was discovered that if the bricks are arranged in space in a specific way, their weight will be transmitted from one brick to the next until they reach the earth: the same force that tries to draw the bricks to the earth will maintain them in place. It was a fantastic idea, and a huge step ahead from the more typical practise of stacking bricks together to build walls. (See Sauvage [1998] for more information on the practise of brick wall construction, which was an innovation that took a long time to develop before the bricks and other bondings were created.) The builders experimented with many forms of arches and vaults throughout the first two millennia, and there is no clear path leading to the voussoir arch with radial joints, which is our conceptual model. A review of the hundreds of surveys in Besenval and El-volumes Naggar's reveals a long period of "eclectic" experimentation, in which various types and forms of arches coexisted. The first oval vaults developed among them. Some of the vaults were constructed without the use of a centre, by stacking flat slices against a wall where the arch's design was initially sketched. In the north of Africa, the method is still utilised (Fathy 1976) The initial vaults were relatively tiny, with just one or two metre spans, barely covering the grave. This scale encouraged experimentation: if the vault is not of appropriate shape, it would distort, and the builders' observations of the motions gave them a "feeling" for the better forms (Naggar, 1999), which describes the vault forms in detail. To an architect or engineer with some expertise in masonry buildings, the vault on the bottom right side is the safest, with an oval shape that will adequately contain the compression trajectory within the arch. Choisy [1904] was the first to point this fact as the origin of the oval arches and also ( [Heyman 1995] and [Huerta 2006].) 4

The oval shape first emerged in Europe during the Roman era, when it was used to build amphitheatres (Wilson Jones 1993). Some academics have attempted to demonstrate the usage of ellipses rather than ovals once more. The oval form, on the other hand, is the natural form for laying out the amphitheatre stands: parallel ellipses are hard to create, thus the only logical approach is to utilise oval forms composed of circular arcs. In any event, the proportional differences between ellipses and ovals are so minor that one sees exactly what one wants to see. Even the most exact measurements are insufficient to resolve the issue [Rosin 2005]. It's not an issue of measurement, but of creating tradition history. The oval arch was also employed in the entrances of churches and civic buildings in Spain throughout the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, as well as in the ribs of the surbased vaults that support the choir at the foot of Spanish parish churches. Palacios [2003] is the first to investigate this fascinating element of Spanish architectural geometry. Baldassare Peruzzi, Sebastiano Serlio, and Giacomo Vignola were the primary architects who promoted the oval as a new way of defining architectural space. Peruzzi was the first to consider using the characteristics of an oval space in church architecture as a balance between the Quattrocento's central area and the more linear character of conventional buildings. However, his death put his pupil Serlio in charge of disseminating his views. Serlio's treatise [1996], one of the most popular architectural treatises ever written, is credited with spreading the oval shape throughout Europe throughout the late Renaissance and Baroque periods. He discusses ovals in his Book I on geometry, which was released in 1545. He expressly states that many various ovals can be drawn, and he proposes four oval structures. These were often reproduced in following architectural guides and were frequently utilised in actual projects. Architects and masons, on the other hand, recognised that for any two axis, many (indeed, infinite) alternative ovals might be built, thus they deviated from Serlio's models as needed. Theoretically, Peruzzi and Serlio prepared. Vignola was the first to put their plans into action, constructing Sant'Andrea in Via Flaminia (1550-1554), the first oval church. Vignola had previously created the first design for a bridge with surbased oval arches in 1547. In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, Vignola's design had no impact, but by the beginning of the eighteenth century, the usage of oval arches in bridge construction had become popular [Gautier 1716]. In the second part of the eighteenth century, polycentric oval arches were a key element in many of Perronet's bridges [Perronet 1788]. 5

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Reasons / Justification for Selection of the Topic:

The structure of an egg-shaped building is made up of a diagrid exo-skeleton (made up of cast steel nodes of solid steel to create a fire-resistant structure), which makes it a stiff structural system with large floor plates and no columns, resulting in a 15% reduction in construction material usage compared to traditional buildings. In order to accomplish such economics, an egg-shaped structure has to be constructed. 4

Areas of Application:

The project comprises of certain egg shaped buildings in the world which includes London, Mumbai and other cities in the world. So our focus will be on materials and functions related to egg shaped building to be used in future. 5

Aim and Objectives:

The objectives of the study are: 

To Study about egg shaped building, their functions and types of material used in that particular building.

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To Study on two different egg shaped structures all over the world and materials used in that buildings and fuctions of that buildings.

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To compare the results of materials obtained from two case studies by using finite element analysis using Abaqus Software.

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To conclude the best material according to functionalilty and strength for egg shaped building for future use.

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Methodology:

Following methods will be adopted for suggesting a best material for egg shaped building. 

First of all Literature review is to be done to analyze past about egg shaped building and its orgin.

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To collect the data from different internet sources about egg shaped building.

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To analyze the data taken from different internet sources and to compare the material with each other to suggest the best material. 6

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To evaluate the results based on different materials by using finite element analysis using Abaqus Software.

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Finally Conclusions and suitable suggestions were made at the end.

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Fig 1. Showing Flow Chart of Project

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References

AOKI, T., M.A. CHIORINO, and R. ROCATTI. 2003. Structural characteristics of the elliptical masonry dome of the Sanctuary of Vicoforte. Pp. 203-212 in Proceedings of the First International Congress on Construction History, S. Huerta, ed. Madrid: Instituto Juan de Herrera. ARNOLD, Dieter. 1991. Building in Egypt. Pharaonic stone masonry. Oxford: Oxford University Press. BACHOT, Ambroise. 1598. Le Gouvernail d’Ambroise Bachot capitaine ingenieur du Roy, Lequel conduiraie curieux de Geometrie en perspective dedans l’architecture des fortifications, machines de guerre et plusieurs autres particularites et contenues. Melun : Chez l’Auteur. BAIMATOVA, Nasiba. 2002. Die Kunst des Wölbens in Mittelasien. Lehmziegelgewölbe (4.-3. Jh. v. Chr. - 8. Jh. n. Chr.). Dissertation: Institut für Vorderasiatische Altertumskunde, Freie Universität Berlin. BELLINI, Federico. 2004. Le cupole di Borromini: la "scientia" costruttiva in età barocca. Milan: Electa. BENEDETTI, Sandro. 1994. Oltre l'antico e il gotico. Il profilo della cupola vaticana di Antonio da Sangallo il Giovane. Palladio 14: 157-166. BESENVAL, Roland. 1984. Technologie de la voûte dans l'Orient Ancien. 2 vols. Paris: Editions Recherche sur les Civilisations. BOYD, Thomas D. 1978. The arch and the vault in Greek architecture. American Journal of Archaeology 82: 83-100. BUCHER, François. 1968. Design in Gothic Architecture. A Preliminary Assessment. Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 27: 49-71. BUCHER, François. 1972. Medieval Architectural Design Methods, 800-1560. Gesta 11, 2: 37-51. CALVO LÓPEZ, José. 2002. La semielipse peraltada. Arquitectura, geometría y mecánica en las últim

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CAMUS, M. 1750. Elémens de géométrie théorique et pratique (Cours de mathématique, Seconde Partie). Paris: Durand. CARAZO, Eduardo and Juan Miguel OTXOTORENA. 1994. Arquitecturas centralizadas. El espacio sacro de planta central: diez ejemplos en Castilla y León. Valladolid: Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Valladolid. CEJKA, Jan. 1978. Tonnengewölbe und Bogen islamischer Architektur. Wölbungstechnik und Form. Dissertation: München. Techn. Univ. Fachbereich Architektur. CHAPPUIS, R. 1976. Utilisation du tracé ovale dans l'architecture des églises romanes. Bulletin Monumental 134: 7-36. CHOISY, Auguste. 1883. L'art de bâtir chez les Byzantines. Paris: Librairie de la Societé Anonyme de Publications Périodiques.

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