Entrepreneurship Report 15488878300147 in bshm class multidiversity PDF

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Shiftwork refers to an employment practice designed to make use of all 24 hours of the clock each day of the week. This typically divides the day into shifts or set of periods of time which have different groups of workers that will perform duties. This is one of the things that needs to consider in having a system design, because everyone has different perspective when it comes to working. Some of them prefer to work during night shift while the others prefer to work during daytime. It is very important to identify which factors influence the adaptation to the shift work, because this factors if ignored will result an increase in absence of the workers. The best thing to do to avoid problem is to identify individuals who prefer to work at night permanently and those who prefer to work on daytime to reduce the need for the adaptation of the shift work. With that, employees can work effectively for the company.

When we say PSYCHOSOCIAL factors, these are the characteristics that can influence the individual psychologically or socially. Therefore, it is a must for the company to make and design systems that can consider the human capabilities and limitations of an employee. With that, neglecting with the psychological and social needs of a person will be avoided.

Another thing that can make ergonomist to provides useful framework when it comes to understanding employees’ emotional responses to job design is MOTIVATION. To motivates an employee, it is essential to understand and consider of their needs, and this is when the Maslow theory of needs enters. This theory refers to the five classes of needs of people and arrange hierarchically which means, the need for satisfying the lower part is a must before moving on in the next stage. The stages in the theory of needs are basic physiological factors, followed by the need of security and avoidance of danger, next is social needs, after this is the self-respect and esteem and lastly, the top level is the self-actualization.

JOB ENLARGEMENT is one of the design systems that can be used to make job more interesting and less repetitive. With that, the operators will be given more task as the same level to the system operation. As a result the job will be more interesting, meaningful and varied to the operators.

On the other hand, job enrichment is defined as a process that characterized by adding dimension to an existing jobs to make them more motivating compared before. This program attempts to extend a worker’s duties vertically as well as horizontally. It results to increase the meaningfulness and responsibility of a job.

Lastly, JOB SATISFACTION. It refers to the process to measure the contentedness of the workers with their respective jobs. Hertzberg’s theory of job satisfaction stressed the importance of those aspects of a job that determine whether or not it is intrinsically satisfying. Hertzberg regarded satisfaction and dissatisfaction as separate dimensions rather than opposite ends of a continuum. Job satisfaction was

determined by a set of factors known as Motivators, which were intrinsic to the work itself. Dissatisfaction, on the other hand, was said to be influenced by Hygiene factors, extrinsic to the work. Because satisfaction and dissatisfaction are regarded as separate factors in Hertzberg’s theory, the absence of job satisfaction is no satisfaction, and the absence of dissatisfaction is no dissatisfaction. Poor working conditions will cause dissatisfaction but a good working environment cannot make people like the work that they do....