Explain the significance of tattoo and body ornaments to the Visayans PDF

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1. Explain the significance of tattoo and body ornaments to the Visayans.

Tattoos and body ornaments were known around the world very early in human history, and one of that is the Philippines, specifically the Visayan region. As what I have learned tattoo and body ornaments is a combination method of being good warrior, beauty, status in a society, and religious worship. Tattooing is considered a permanent form of body adornment. Tattooing was prevalent among the natives, just like the Visayans. The Spaniards called the Visayans "Pintados" or painted ones. The Visayans considered it as symbols of male pride and valor. They were usually applied only after a man performed well in battle for their tattoos were like military medals that they accumulated with each battle. Those who were considered heroes were called "Lipong" for they were tattooed all over except under their bahag or g-string. Facial tattoos from the ears to chin to eyes were only for the bravest and toughest warriors that belonged to an elite class. The Boxer Codex portrayed the Visayan warriors with bold linear designs on their legs and back. There were also floral designs on the chest, buttocks and back of their legs. The women, however, had very fine tattoos in their hands that looked like embroidery which symbolizes as beauty. Thus, the significance of tattoo and body ornaments to the Visayans shows a shared traditional art of tattooing as marks of bravery and beauty.

2. Compare and contrast the Barangay system of the early Filipinos and at present in the political and social life of the Filipino people.

The word Barangay where the lowland peoples lived in extended kinship, each under the leadership of a datu, or chieftain. The barangay, which ordinarily numbered no more than a few hundred individuals, was usually the largest stable economic and political unit that time. It is a type of early Filipino settlement; the word is derived from balangay, the name for the sailboats that originally brought settlers of Malay stock to the Philippines from Borneo. Each boat carried a large family group, and the master of

the boat retained power as leader, or datu, of the village established by his family. There are a number of distinctions between the modern Barangay or Barrio, and the city-states and independent principalities encountered by the Spanish when they first arrived in 1521 and established relatively permanent settlements in 1574. The most glaring difference would be that the modern entity represents a geographical entity, the precolonial barangays represented loyalty to a particular head (datu). Even during the early days of Spanish rule, it was not unusual for people living beside each other to actually belong to different barangays.. They owed their loyalty to different Datus. Also, while the modern barangay represents only the smallest administrative unit of government, the barangay of precolonial times was either independent, or belonged to what was only a loose confederation of several barangays, over which the rulers picked among themselves who would be foremost - known as the Pangulo or Rajah. In most cases, his function was to make decisions which would involve multiple barangays, such as disputes between members of two different barangays. C= Internally, each datu retained his jurisdiction....