FULL Final Report STA220 PDF

Preview

Summary

EATING HABIT AND KNOWLEDGE OF NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS AMONGUiTM RAUB STUDENTSCOURSE CODE: STA 220PREPARED BY:ALIA NAJWA BINTI ABDUL MIZAN 2017216226FARAH ALIAH NUR BINTI MANSOR 2017210558NOR AMNI SHAZWANA BINTI MOHD MOHYEE 2017210174NUR NATISYA BINTI ABDUL YAZID 2017210786ABID AJWAD BIN MOHD AZHAR ...

Description

EATING HABIT AND KNOWLEDGE OF NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS AMONG UiTM RAUB STUDENTS

COURSE CODE: STA 220

PREPARED BY:

ALIA NAJWA BINTI ABDUL MIZAN

2017216226

FARAH ALIAH NUR BINTI MANSOR

2017210558

NOR AMNI SHAZWANA BINTI MOHD MOHYEE

2017210174

NUR NATISYA BINTI ABDUL YAZID ABID AJWAD BIN MOHD AZHAR

PREPARED FOR: SAHARANI BIN ABDUL RASHID

SUBMITTED DATE: 10 JUNE 2019

2017210786 2017210228

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to thank our lecturer for giving us the golden opportunity to this wonderful project on the topic Eating Habit and Knowledge of Nutritional Requirements Among UiTM Raub Students, which also helped us in doing a lot of research and we came to know about so many new things and we are really thankful for that. We are also highly indebted to our lecturer , Sir Saharani bin Abdul Rashid and we would like to express our gratitude for his constant supervision as well as for providing necessary information regarding the project & also for their support in completing the project.

Furthermore, Our thanks and appreciations also goes to our colleague in developing the project and people who have willingly helped me out with their abilities.

TABLE OF CONTENT CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENT LIST OF TABLES

iii

LIST OF FIGURES

iv

i

CHAPTER 1: BACKGROUND OF STUDY 1.1 Introduction

....1

1.2 Problem Statement ……………………………………………………………………………2 1.3 Research Objectives ………………………………………………………………………….2 1.4 Research Questions ………………………………………………………………………….2 1.5 Research Hypothesis …………………………………………………………………………3 1.6 Significance of the Study……………………………………………………………………...3 1.7 Scope of the Study ……………………………………………………………………………4 1.8 Limitation of the Study 4 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Introduction

5

2.2 Nutritional Requirements

6

2.3 College Student’s Knowledge 6 2.4 Eating Habit among College Students 7 2.5 Challenges Faced by College Students

7

CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3.1 Study Population

8

3.2 Study Design …………………………………………………………………………………9 3.3 Description of Sample ………………………………………………………………………10 3.3.1 Included Criteria ……………………………………………………………………..10 3.4 Measuring Instrument ………………………………………………………………………10 3.5 Method of Data Collection ………………………………………………………………….10 3.6 Sampling Technique ………………………………………………………………………..11 3.7 Sample Size …………………………………………………………………………………11 3.8 Pilot Study ……………………………………………………………………………………12 3.9 Theoretical Framework ……………………………………………………………………..12

3.10 Procedure for Data Analysis………………………………………………………………13 3.10.1 Descriptive Statistics ………………………………………………………………13 3.10.2 Inferential Statistics ………………………………………………………………..13 3.11 Scope and Limitation of the Study ……………………………………………………….14 CHAPTER 4: RESULTS AND DATA ANALYSIS 4.1 Introduction

15

4.2 Descriptive Statistics ………………………………………………………………………..16 4.2.1 Demographic Analysis ……………………………………………………………...16 4.2.2 Mean Score of the Descriptive Statistics …………………………………………20 4.3 Inferential Statistics …………………………………………………………………………22 4.3.1 Relationship Between Eating Habit and Knowledge of Nutritional Requirements UiTM Campus Raub Students ……………………………………………………………22 4.3.2 Relationship Between Eating Habit and Inadequate Nutrition Affects Academic Success ……………………………………………………………………………………..23 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 5.1 Conclusion

24

5.2 Recommendation …………………………………………………………………………..25 REFERENCES APPENDICES29

26

LIST OF TABLES TABLE 1: Research Hypothesis

3

TABLE 2: Chi-Square Table 13 TABLE 3: Mean Score of Variable 20 TABLE 4: Mean Score of Variable 21 TABLE 5: Chi-Square Test between Eating Habit and Knowledge of Nutritional Requirements among UiTM Campus Raub Students 22 TABLE 6: Chi-Square Test between Eating Habit and Inadequate Nutrition Affects Academic Success among UiTM Raub Students 23

LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE 1: Study Design

9

FIGURE 2: Theoretical Framework FIGURE 3: Records of Gender FIGURE 4: Age Group

17

FIGURE 5: Courses Group 18 FIGURE 6: CGPA Group

19

12 16

CHAPTER 1 Introduction

1.1 Introduction

Mainly this project focuses on the eating habit and knowledge of nutritional requirements among UiTM Raub Students. The reason this matter is in hand is because college students nowadays have been neglecting their own health. It is a fact that students who lived on a “tight” budget believed food insecurities was part of the college experience, a short-term thing, however now the cost of living have increase are affecting many people as well. Mclnyre L (2013) said that “ many of these students who are from low-income families are the reason this matter is very common nowadays.

In instance, it is important for college students to have knowledge about nutrition as their guide on producing a healthy lifestyle. If it is not monitored constantly, it can lead to a series of problems related to academics, physical, and emotions. The finding revealed that 59 percent of college students had food insecurities. Researchers have found that 14.9 percent of all households in the U.S are having the similar issue not just college students (Cancel-Tirado I et el.,2014).

According to the American College Health Association, the percentage of obesity among college students of America have increase from 27.4 percent in fall 2006 to 29.2 percent in fall 2011. It is due to the unhealthy eating habits that people are consuming daily, sedentary lifestyles, and food insecurities are the reason the statistics increase. Every college students should observe properly their eating habits whether it is healthy or unhealthy ( McInyre et el.,2013)

Consuming enough nutrition is important especially for college students as it could affect their academic success. Food insecurities contribute to depression, stress, trouble learning in the classroom, and poor health which is why this matter needs to be annihilate. “One thing that’s clear is that colleges and universities need to be having this conversation and learning more about the issues their students may be facing,” said David LopezCevallos a researcher of the study. 1.2 Problem statement

These days, health issues among students are very worrisome, it is because of the unhealthy eating habits was practiced by the college students. They tend to choose their food based on the price which is cheaper compared to healthier. Other than that, college students also lack of knowledge on nutrition that needed by their body. This can lead college students to have unbalanced meal and give them a dangerous disease such as obesity.

1.3 Research objectives

1. To investigate student’s relationship between knowledge about nutrition requirements and eating habit. 2. To study student’s eating habit at UiTM Raub. 3. To identify the relationship between inadequate nutrition affects academic success.

The objectives of our study is to investigate student’s knowledge about nutrition requirement for health that needed by their body. Next, our objectives is to study student’s eating habit at UiTM Raub campus. Lastly, our objectives is to identify inadequate nutrition affects academic success of UiTM Raub college students.

1.4 Research questions

1. Do students have knowledge about nutrition requirement for health? 2. Are students aware about their eating habits? 3. Are eating habits of student affect their academic success?

1.5 Research hypothesis

Table 1: Research Hypothesis

Null hypothesis 1 There is no relationship between

Research hypothesis There is relationship between knowledge

knowledge about nutrition requirement

about nutrition requirements and students

and students health.

health.

2 There is no relationship between eating habits and health. 3 There is no relationship between inadequate nutrition and academic

There is relationship between eating habits and health. There is relationship between inadequate nutrition and academic success.

success.

1.6 Significance of the study

Significance of our study are to acknowledge that college students are in a healthy circumstance and to give awareness towards college students that health requirement are important.

1.7 Scope of the study

Basically, scope of the study is to investigate students eating habits and knowledge of students about nutritional requirement that needed by their body among UiTM Raub students. There are some factors that affect students eating habits such as price of the foods, time and different environment. Other than that, students also have lack of time to study about requirement health that needed by their body to stay healthy.

1.8 Limitation of the study

Limitation is factors that can impacted or influenced the interpretation of the

findings from your research. The limitation of the study is time constraints, the researcher must finish this study in two months. The collection of the data from 327 respondents also must be insert in SPSS after a week of the questionnaire have been distributed. Other limitations of this study is budget constraints and nature of decision. It is because different students may have their own opinion about their eating habit and their knowledge of nutritional requirement.

CHAPTER 2 Literature Review

2.1 Introduction

College students are facing all kinds of problem especially matters that linked with health issues due to poor dietary choices. Brown et el., (2017) warned the transition to college causes significant changes in dietary options. Majority college students eat at college dining facilities with very few options of healthy meals. Furthermore, students who do not gain nutrition daily can make the academic and physical performance diminish. The purpose of this study was to discover college students’ eating habits and knowledge of nutritional requirements for health. Cluskey, Grobe (2009), state that the fossilisation to college can give important obstacle to have healthy eating. Nelson et el., (2008), said that certain students have challenges with the tasks of buying and providing own meal and make schedule of eating. College students are out of hand from confination of parents and permitting students to have bigger authority to make decision. According to Stok et el., (2018), state that big changes that happened when young adult end secondary school to start-off college life or working life.

2.2 Nutritional requirements

Nutritionist have the specialty in this field. They have all kinds of knowledge regarding nutritions and every nutrients have its own role in health and disease. Every now and then, nutritionists have been conducting programs that give benefits toward people around the world. College students are most likely to have a bad eating habits because of own desired taste. As the nutritionist showed graphical images regarding the results of having unhealthy eating habits, college’s students responded greatly while surveyed according to Block et el.,(2013). However, due to some facts people around have been neglecting it. Having a healthy body and maintaining it is a must and most college students neglect the crucial of eating a healthy food. Maintaining a healthy body require every types of nutrition with specific portion. In order to maintain, College-aged group should have known the basic education of nutrition which is the food pyramid. Nutritional value such as protein, energy, carbohydrates, fats and most minerals can be obtained by food sources. Each nutrients plays an important role in establishing health, metabolism and proper function of the body. Sometimes, the eating habits among college-aged individuals are not highly monitored based on the food pyramid.

2.3 College student’s knowledge

It is inevitable that college student faces new environment for meal preparation, planning and eating as transition to new chapter of life which is college life. Many college student acquainted with crucial of nutritional values. There are many constituent college student decision for food choices even though the college student have well knowledge in nutrition. Stockton and Backer (2013) found that college student aware that consuming fast food can make body unhealthy. Nevertheless college student choices are not affected by their knowledge. Fascinatingly, Stockton and Backer discovered that college student did not believe the side effects from fast food was connected to calories but more harmful additives and chemicals. The priority scrutinize by the student were not the amount of calories they were consuming but the additives in the food. Else, the male college students taking more fast food than female college students.

2.4 Eating habit among college students

There are some eating habits that college students like to do habitually. College students tended to select food according to convenience, taste, time and price rather than nutritional values. Students also likes to skip their breakfast due to the early class which is unhealthy towards college students to start their busy day. According Gerend (2009) state that college students indicate, a case when many student’s college have already get to make decision about eating habit. Fast foods that are very famous among college student can cause many problems as counter habits Mercy (2016). S. Deshpande et el., (2009) said, college student’s eating habit are mostly affected by relatives, friends and environment before entering college but after that, decision are made independently.

2.5 Challenges faced by college students

There is research that identify challenges for students to eat healthy that was conduct by Das and Evans (2014). Das and Evans discovered that male and female students reported different types of barriers for maintaining health. Male students perceived barriers were limited access to healthier foods, physical activities and lack of support from family and friends. Meanwhile, female students reported lack of time to exercise or eat healthy, unable to manage time, stress from different environment and fail to prioritize weight management as their main barriers.

CHAPTER 3 Research Methodology

3.1 Study Population

The target population for this study is all students from all faculty in University Technology Mara (UiTM) Campus Raub that consists of three faculty which is Faculty of Science Computer and Mathematics that include Statistics (CS111) and Computer Science (CS110), Faculty of Administration Science & Policy Studies that include Public Administration (AM110) and Faculty of Business and Management that include Diploma in Banking Studies (BA119) and Diploma in Business Studies (BA111).

3.2 Study Design

Figure 1: Study Design

3.3 Description of sample

3.3.1 Included Criteria

The population of the study is 2337 students of UiTM Raub students. Based on that population, the researcher use Morgan table to determine the sample and choose 327 samples of students from different courses such as Diploma in Administrative Science and Policy Studies (AM 110) and Diploma in Statistics (CS 111).

3.4 Measuring Instrument

For measuring instrument, the researcher distributed questionnaire to 327 students of the sample. The questionnaire of this study divided into two parts which are Part A and Part B. For Part A, it has four questions that asked about the respondents basic information such as gender, programme, age and CGPA. For Part B, it consists 11 questions that asked the respondents about their eating habits and knowledge of nutritional requirements that the respondents know.

3.5 Method of Data Collection

Primary data is used where the data is collected directly from first-hand experiences for the purpose of the study. Questionnaire is chosen from the primary data because questionnaire are one of the most affordable ways to gather quantitative data. Questionnaire are a cost-efficient way to collect data or respondents response on the spot and the highest possible response rate receive the most accurate results.

The questionnaire can be assigning numerical values to likert type where 1 = never, 2 = rarely, 3 = sometimes, 4 = often, 5 = always. The respondents need to answer all the question based on the likert type to identifying their eating habits and knowledge of nutritional requirements. All the question was asked is in English and it was distributed to the student of University of Technology MARA (UiTM) Campus Raub.

3.6 Sampling Technique

For this research, the researcher used stratified sampling method. The population for this study from University Technology Mara (UiTM) Campus Raub is 2337 students. From the population the researcher take 327 to be examine based on Morgan table. Then the researcher divides the whole population into five subgroup according to the course that have in UiTM Kampus Raub which is Faculty of Administrative Science and Policy Studies is AM110, from Faculty of Science Computer and Mathematic ,CS111 and CS110. While BA111 and BA119 from Faculty of Business and Management.

In order to meet the objectives of this study, the researchers need to identify all 2337 students on campus. Therefore, permission from Academic affairs (HEA) is necessary to get the data for each course to choose the sample. The population is defined as N. Sample size is defined as n and it can be determined by using sample size calculations. From the calculation, we pick 118 respondents from AM110, 18 respondents from CS111, 54 respondents from CS110, 71 respondents from BA111, 68 respondents from BA119.

3.7 Sample Size

For this research, the population is student’s University Technology Mara (UiTM) Campus Raub. UiTM Raub consists of three faculties, first course is AM110 which is Faculty of Administrative Science and Policy Studies, second course is BA111 and BA119 which is from Faculty of Business and Management and last course in UiTM Raub is CS111 and CS110 from Faculty of Science Computer and Mathematics. The total population is 2337 respondents. According to Morgan table, 327 of respondents are selected from 2337 population of UiTM Raub Students as the sample size. For equality between all five courses, stratified sampling method have been used to calculate sample size for AM110, BA111, BA119, CS111 and CS110. For AM110 consists of 114 respondents, BA111 consists of 71 respondents, BA119 consists 69 of respondents, CS111 consists of 18 respondents and CS110 consists of 55 respondents.

3.8 Pilot Study

Pilot study is a study done before the actual research is carried out. The reason why pilot study must be carried out is because to identify either the questionnaire contains any frailty or not rather than identifying the reliability and rationality of the questionnaire. The questionnaire is reliable if the Cronbach’s Alpha is greater than 0.7, if the Cronbach’s Alpha less than 0.7, questionnaires must be modified in order to increase the reliability by deleting some questions or altering the questions.

3.9 Theoretical Framework

Figure 2: Theoretical Framework

3.10 Procedure of data analysis

3.10.1 Descriptive Statistics

Descriptive statistics are used to repurpose the difficulties of understanding a large quantitative data set into bite-size description. The first part of the questionnaire contains ...