Health promotion PDF

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Health promotion lecture notes...

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Health promotion Friday, 11 October 2019

12:31

• Health promotion - process of enabling people to increase control over, and improve th beyond a focus on individual behaviour towards a wide range of social and environmen aim of health promotion is to engage and empower individuals and communities to cho and make changes to reduce the risk of developing non-communicable diseases. • Ottawa charter - international agreement signed in 1986. 3 basic strategies - enabling, advocacy. Five action areas for health promotion identified: 1. Building healthy public policy. 2. Creating supportive environments. 3. Strengthening community action. 4. Developing personal skills. 5. Re-orienting health care services towards prevention of illness and promotion of health • Rose hypothesis - shifting the whole population into a lower risk category benefits mor shifting high risk individuals into a lower risk category. Better than risk approach (only m individuals into normal range) is not as effective. • Prevention: 1. Primary - prevent condition occurring in the first place. 2. Secondary - prevent condition recurring/worsening once present. 3. Tertiary - ameliorating effects on health of condition which is already present. • Epidemiology - study of distribution and determinants of health-related states in specif application of this study to control health problems (time, person, place). • There are sufficient and component causes of disease. • Health inequalities - differences in health status, or in distribution of health determina population groups. Individual level (socio-economic position) - education, occupation, s etc. Ecological level (deprivation). • Inequity - lack of justice; unfair, unavoidable differences (e.g. postcode lottery). • Capital - wealth in the form of money or other assets owned by a person or organisatio physical (buildings, infrastructure, environment), human (people skills and knowledge), relations), health (ability to live healthy lives in the future). • Tannahill model 1985: 1. Prevention - reducing or avoiding risk of diseases (e.g. stop smoking signs). 2. Positive health education - communication to enhance well-being through improved kn (e.g. 5 a day). 3. Health protection - safeguarding population health through legislative, financial or soci

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n. Types of capital: social (social networks,

owledge and attitudes al measures....