Histology Flashcards Semester 1 PDF

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Summary

Flashcards of the histology slides for the first semester including the image and the identification of the features on the slide...

Description

A" "

CHOROID'PLEXUS' A'–'Simple'cuboidal'epithelium'(ependymal'cells)' B'–'Ventricle' C'–'Simple'squamous'epithelium'(endothelium'of'capillary)' ' Ependymal'cells'produce'CSF'

B" C" "

JEJUNUM'' ' A'–'Columnar'cell' B'–'Lamina'propria'' •  With'diffuse'lymphatic'tissue'' C'–'Lumen' D'–'Mocrovilli'(striated)'border'' E'–'Goblet'cell' '

A" B"

'

C" D"

E"

A"

TRACHEA' ' A'–'Submucousal'glands' B'–'Epithelium' C'–'Lamina'propria'' D'–'Musculais'mucosa'' E'–'Submucosa'with'hyaline'cartilage'' F'–'Lumen''

' B" F" C"

E"

D"

F" " E" "

A"

TRACHEA' ' A'–'Cilia'' B'–'Columnar'cell' C'–'Lumen'' D'–'Pseudostratified'columnar'epithelium'with'goblet'cells''' E'–'Goblet'cells'' F'–'Basement'membrane'

' B" C" D"

B"

A"

OESOPHAGUS'' ' A'–'Lumen'' B'–''Lamina'Propria'' C'–'Epidermis' D'–'Muscularis'mucosa'' ''

C"

D"

A"

OESOPHAGUS'' ' A'–'Nuclei'of'squamous'cells'' B'–''Lumen' C'–'Stratified'squamous'epithelium'(non-keratinized)' ' ''

B" A"

A"

C"

THICK'SKIN' ' A'–''Free'surface' B'–'Epidermis'' C'–'Dermis' D'–'Hypodermis' E'–'Dermal'papillae' F'–'Epidermal'ridges''

B"

C"

A"

'

D"

F"

E"

""""""""""""""""""""A"

THICK'SKIN' ' A'–''Layers'of'keratinized'epithelium' B'–'Islands'of'connective'tissue'' C'–''Stratified'squamous'keratinized'epithelium'

' """"""""""""""""""B"

""""""""""""""""""""C"

BLADDER'WALL' ' A'–'Urothelium' B'–'Lamina'propria' C'–'Mucosa' D'–'Smooth'muscle' E'–'Lumen'

E"

A"

' B"

C"

" D" "

D"

A" C"

BLADDER'WALL' ' A'–'Urothelium' B'–'Lamina'propria' C'–'Lumen' D'–'Umbrella'shaped'cells,'some'binucleated'' '

'

A"

B"

COLON' ' A'–'Mucosa' B'–'Simple'tubular'glands' ' Simple'='one'duct'

A"

B"

COLON' ' A'–'Secretory'end'pieces' B'–'Duct' C'–'Mucous'secretions' D'-'Lumen' '

B A

A

'

C D" C

C

A" B" E"

C"

F" G"

THIN'SKIN' A'–'Hair'follicle' B'–'Sebaceous'gland'' C'–'Eccrine'sweat'gland' D'–'Thin'skin' E'–'Hypodermis' F'–'Dermis' G'–'Hypodermis' ' Sebaceous'gland'='simple'branched'alveolar,'holocrine'secretion' Associated'with'hair'follicle,'think'skin'only,'secretes'sebum' ' Eccrine'sweat'gland'='simple'coiled'tubular'gland'' Thick'and'thin'skin,'serous'secretion'' '

'

A" B"

ECCRINE'SWEAT'GLANDS' ' A'–'Secretory'end'pieces' •  Single'layer'of'cuboidal'epithelium' •  Sometimes'pseudostratified' •  Centrally'placed'nucleus' B'–'Ducts' •  Stratified'cuboidal'epithelium' •  Stain'more'basophilically'(close'proximity'of'nuclei)'

' '

A"

B"

C"

D"

A" C" D" E" F" G"

COMPOUND'TUBULO-ALVEOLAR'GLAND' ' A'–'Serous'secretory'end'piece' B'–'Mucous'secretory'end'piece' C'–'Pyramidal'serous'secretory'cell' D'–'Tubular'mucous'secretory'cell' ' Secrete'mucous'and'serous'solution' Note'contractile'myoepithelial'cells'between'secretory'cell'basal'plasma' membrane'and'basal'membrane'–'move'secretion'towards'duct'

B

"

LOOSE'CT'IN'MESENTRY'SPREAD' ' A'–'Elastic'fibre'' B'–'Collagen'fibre'' C'–'Mesothelial'cell'nucleus' •  Faded'oval'nuclei'' D'–'Ground'substance' E'–'Mast'cell' F'–'Capillary' G'–'Fibroblast'nuclei' •  Flattened'nuclei'

LOOSE'AREOLAR'CONNTECTIVE'TISSUE' ' A'–'Macrophages' •  With'ink'inclusions' B'–'Elastic'fibres' C'–'Collagen'fibres'

A"

'

C"

B"

A" C"

A"

B" D" E"

DENSE'IRREGULAR'CONNTECTIVE'TISSUE' ' A'–'Collagen'fibres' •  Randomly'arranged' B'–'Fibroblast'nuclei' C'–'Small'arteriole' D'–'Ground'substance' E'–'Capillaries'' ' H'and'E'staining'–'elastic'fibres'can’t'be'distinguished''

' A"

B"

B"

A"

C"

DENSE'REGULAR'CT'–'MUSCULOTENDONOUS'JUNCTION' ' A'–'Regular'arrangement'of'collagen'fibres'' B'–'Ground'substance'' C'–'Fibroblast'nucleus''

' Dashed'line'separates'muscle'and'connective'tissue'' Restricted'ground'substance' Fibroblast'nuclei'arranged'along'collagen'fibres'in'ground' substance'

ELASTIC'TISSUE'OF'AORTA'' ' A'–'Elastic'fibres' B'–'Smooth'muscle'

A"

B"

A"

BLOOD' ' A'–'Erythrocytes' B'–'Extracellular'matrix'

A"

BLOOD'–'LEUKOCYTES' ' A'–'Neutrophil' •  With'multilobed'nucleus'

B"

A"

A"

LEUKOCYTES' ' A'–'Eosinophil' •  Bilobed'nucleus' '

LEUKOCYTES' ' A'–'Basophil' '

LYMPHOCYTE''

MONOCYTE''

PLATELETS' ' •  Small' •  Anucleate' •  Membrane'bound' •  Cytoplasmic'fragments'

A"

D"

C"

B"

E"

F"

BLOOD'CELLS' ' A'–'Neutrophil' B'–'Thrombocyte' C'–'Monocyte' D'–'Eosinophil' E'–'Lymphocyte' F'–'Erythrocytes''

HYALINE'CARTILAGE' ' A'–'Chondroblast' B'–'Chondrocyte'nucleus'' •  Arranged'in'isogenous'groups'' C'–'Territorial'matrix'' ' '

A" B"

C"

B"

D"

A"

A"

C"

D" D"

HYALINE'CARTILAGE'' ' A'–'Fibroblast'nuclei'' B'–'Perichondrium'' C'–'Chondroblast' D'–'Interterritorial'matrix'

A"

C" B"

B"

A"

B"

FIBROCARTILAGE' ' A'–'Collagen'fibres' B'–'Ground'substance'' C'–'Chondrocytes' •  Arranged'in'lacunae' '

ELASTIC'CARTILAGE' ' A'–'Chondrocytes' •  Arranged'in'lacunae' B'–'Elastic'fibres'

CANCELLOUS'BONE'–'NASAL'SEPTUM' ' A'–'Osteocyte'nucleus'' B'–'Endosteal'lining' C'–'Bone'marrow'cavity'' ' Lamellae'present,'only'sometimes'visible''

A"

C"

' B" A"

A" B" C" D" E"

COMPACT'BONE'–'HAVERSION'SYSTEM' ' A'–'Interstitial'Lamellae'' B'–'Osteocytes'' •  In'lacunae'' C'–'Haversian'Canal' D'–'Canaliculi'' E'–'Endosteum'' ' Volksmann’s'canals'connect'Haversian'canals'' '

COMPACT'BONE' ' A'–'Bone'matrix'' B'–'Sharpey’s'fibres' •  Attach'bone'to'periosteum' '

A"

B"

A" D"

E"

B" F" C"

G"

INTRAMEMBRANOUS'OSSIFICATION'–'EARLY'FOETAL'SKULL'' ' A'–'Arteriole' B'–'Venuole' C'–'Osteoblasts' •  Secrete'osteoid' D'–Mesenchyme' E'–'Osteocytes' •  In'lacunae' F'–'Bone'' •  Spicule'' G'–'Osteoid' '

C" A" D"

E"

"

F"

INTRAMEMBRANOUS'OSSIFICATION'–'FOETAL'SKULL'LATE' ' A'–'Osteoid'' B'–'Osteoblasts'' C'–'Endosteal'cells' D'–'Developing'bone'marrow'cavity' E'–'Osteocytes' •  In'lacunae' F'–'Bone' '

ENDOCHONDRAL'OSSIFICATION'–'FOETAL'KNEE' ' A'–'Developing'femur' B'–'Zone'of'ossification' C'–'Secondary'ossification'zone' D'–'Hyaline'cartilage'' ''

B" A" C" D"

"

E D

"

C

B

"

"

ENDOCHONDRAL'OSSIFICATION' ' A'–'Zone'of'cell'rest' B'–'Zone'of'proliferation' C'–'Zone'of'hypertrophy' D'–'Zone'of'calcified'cartilage' E'–'Zone'of'resorption'

' A

"

C"

ENDOCHONDRAL'OSSIFICATION' ' A'–'Osteoblasts' B'–'Osteoid' C'–'Calcified'cartilage' D'–'Haematopoetic'cells'' E'–'Hypertrophied'chondrocytes'

D"

'

A" B"

E"

STRIATED'SKELETAL'MUSCLE' ' A'–'Muscle'fibre'' B'–'Multiple'peripheral'nuclei' C'–'Cross'striations' D'–'Fibroblast'nuclei' •  In'connective'tissue'sheath'' '

C"

D" B"

A" A"

A" B"

STRIATIONS' ' A'–'I'band'' •  Light'striation' •  Bisected'by'dark'Z'band' B'–'A'band' •  Dark'striation' •  Bisected'by'light'H'band''

'

B" A" C" D"

NEUROMUSCULAR'JUNCTION' ' A'–'Motor'nerve' •  Neuromuscular'bundle'in'longitudinal'section' B'–'Axon'Boutons' •  Neuromuscular'junction' C'–'Striated'skeletal'muscle'fibres' D'–'Neuromuscular'bundle' •  Transverse'section' E'–'Blood'vessel' '

E"

A"

B" C" D"

CARDIAC'MUSCLE' ' A'–'Cross'striations' B'–'Branching'fibres' C'–'Intercalated'discs' D'–'Central'nuclei'

'

C" B" A" D"

INTERVENTRICULAR'SEPTUM' ' A'–'Purkinje'fibres' B'–'Myocardium' •  With'normal'cardiac'muscle'fibres' C'–'Capillaries' •  Black'stained'RBC’s' D'–'Endocardium' E'–'Lumen'of'left'ventricle' '

E"

B" A"

C"

PURKINJE'FIBRES' ' A'–'Nucleus' B'–'Pale'staining'fibres' C'–'Large'glycogen'space'around'nuclei' '

ORDINARY'CARDIAC'MUSCLE'FIBRES' ' A'–'Nucleus' B'–'Dark'staining'fibres' C'–'Smaller'glycogen'spaces'around'nuclei'' '

B" A" C"

SMOOTH'MUSCLE'FIBRES' ' A'–'Transverse'section' B'–'Longitudinal'section' C'–'Nucleus'' •  Cigar'shaped' •  Centrally'placed' •  Located'in'spindle'fibre'

C"

B" A"

'

SMOOTH'MUSCLE'VS'DENSE'IRREGULAR' CONNECTIVE'TISSUE' ' A'–'Dense'irregular'CT' B'–'Blood'vessel'with'smooth'muscle'wall' C'–'Myometrium'with'smooth'muscle' '

A" B"

C"

A"

G" F" B"

C" E"

D"

ANTERIOR'HORN'CELL' ' A'–'Neuropil' B'–'Vesicular'nucleus' C'–'Nucleolus' D'–'Nissl'bodies' E'–'Nucleus'of'neuroglial'cell' F'–'Dendrite' G'–'Cell'body'' '

A" G" B"

C"

D"

E"

F" D" I"

H"

" E" " F" C"

B" A" D"

ANTERIOR'HORN'CELL' ' A'–'Neuropil' B'–'Vesicular'nucleus' C'–'Nucleolus' D'–'Nissl'body' E'–'Nucleus'of'neuroglial'cell' F'–'Dendrite' G'–'Cell'body' H'–'Axon' I'–'Axon'Hillock' '' '

DORSAL'ROOT'GANGLIA'(SPINAL)' ' A'–'Vesicular'nucleus' B'–'Nucleolus' C'–'Fine'granular'Nissl'substance' D'–'Nucleus'of'satellite'cell' E'–'Satellite'cells' •  Arranged'in'ring'like'fashion'around'cell'body' F'–'Cell'body' '

A"

B" C"

PERIPHERAL'NERVE'–'CT'COVERINGS' ' A'–'Myelinated'axons' B'–'Endoneurium' C'–'Perineurium'' D'–'Epineurium'' '

D"

B"

A" C"

D"

E"

PERIPHERAL'NERVE'–'LONGITUDANAL'SECTION' ' A'–'Central'axon' •  Unstained' B'–'Endoneurium' C'–'Node'of'Ranvier'' D'–'Schwann'cell'nucleus'' E'–'Myelin'Sheath' •  Neurokeratin' ' '

A"

PERIPHERAL'NERVE'–'TRANSVERSE'SECTION' ' A'–'Central'axon' •  Unstained' B'–'Endoneurium' C'–'Perineurium''' D'–'Schwann'cell'nucleus'' E'–'Myelin'Sheath' •  Neurokeratin' F'–'Epineurium' G'–'Blood'vessel' ' '

D"

E" D" B"

B"

C" G"

G

F"

F" B"

G"

A"

E"

D"

C"

PERIPHERAL'NERVE'–'NEUROVASCULAR'BUNDLE' ' A'–'Axon' B'–'Endoneurium' C'–'Perineurium''' D'–'Schwann'cell'nucleus'' E'–'Myelin'Sheath' F'–'Fibroblast'nucleus' G'–'Blood'vessel' ' '

A"

" C" "

B"

AUTONOMIC'NERVE'AND'GANGLIA' ' A'–'Processes' •  Axons/dendrites' B'–'Satellite'cell'nucleus' C'–'Nerve'cell'body' •  Containing'fine'granular'Nissl'substance' '

ELASTIC'ARTERY' ' A'–'Tunica'adventitia''' B'–'Tunica'media' C'–'Internal'elastic'lamina' •  Prominent'

A

B

Slide'only'stained'to'show'elastic' '

C

A"

B"

ELASTIC'ARTERY'' ' A'–'Tunica'intima' •  Dark'staining'' B'–'Tunica'media' C'–'Elastic'lamina' •  Fenestrated'' Stained'to'show'elastic'only'' '

C"

MUSCULAR'ARTERY' ' A'–'Tunica'intima' •  Dark'staining'' B'–'Tunica'media' •  Thickest'layer'in'arteries' C'–'Tunica'adventitia''

A"

'

B" C"

MUSCULAR'ARTERY' ' A'–'Elastic'lamina' B'–'Internal'elastic'lamina' C'–'Smooth'muscle'cell'nucleus' D'–'Endothelium' E'–'Connective'tissue' F'–'Lumen'

A" B" F"

'

C"

E" D"

A"

B"

SMALL'ARTERY' ' A'–'Smooth'muscle'' B'–'Internal'elastic'lamina' •  Prominent'' Note'number'of'layers'of'smooth'muscle'

ARTERIOLE'' ' A'–'Internal'elastic'lamina'' •  Contributes'to'tunica'intima' B'–'Endothelial'cells'' •  Contributes'to'tunica'intima' C'–'Tunica'Media' •  Made'up'of'smooth'muscle'' D'–'Smooth'muscle'cell'nucleus' ' '

C" B D"

A

C

C"

A" C"

B"

ARTERIOLE'' ' A'–'Endothelial'cells'' •  Contributes'to'tunica'intima' B'–'Smooth'muscle'cell'nucleus' C'–'Capillaries'' •  Only'one'cell'layer'thick' •  Only'allow'passage'of'1'erythrocyte'at'a'time'' ' '

A" B"

MUSCULAR'VEIN' ' A'–'Lumen' B'–'Tunica'intima' C'–'Tunica'media' D'–'Tunica'adventitia' •  Thickest'layer'in'veins' '

C" D"

VENULE' ' A'–'Endothelial'cell'nucleus' •  Flattened'' B'–'Smooth'muscle'cell'nucleus' •  One'layer'of'smooth'muscle'in'tunica'media'

B"

A"

A"

LYMPH'NODE' ' A'–'Trabeculum'' B'–'Capsule' C'–'Nodular'cortex' D'–'Deep'cortex' E'–'Medulla'' F'–'Hilum'' '

B" C" D" F" E"

LYMPH'NODE'' ' A'–'Primary'lymphatic'nodule'' B'–'Medulla' C'–'Capsule' D'–'Nodular'cortex' E'–'Deep'cortex' F'–'Secondary'lymphatic'nodule' '

A" C" D" F"

B" E"

B"

" C"

A"

LYMPH'NODE'–'CORTEX' ' A'–'Secondary'lymphatic'nodule' B'–'Capsule' C'–'Germinal'centre' D'–Afferent'lymphatic'vessel''

''

D"

A" B" C" D"

I" H"

E" G"

F"

LYMPH'NODE'–'LYMPHATIC'SINUSES' ' A'–'Capsule' B'–'Subcapsular'sinus' C'–'Trabeculum'' D'–'Paratrabecular'sinus' E'–'Medullary'sinus' F'–'Medullary'cords' G'–'Medulla' H'–'Deep'cortex' I'–'Nodular'cortex' ''

LYMPH'NODE'–'SUBCAPSULAR'SINUS' ' A'–'Reticular'cells'' B'–'Capsule' C'–'Subcapsular'sinus' D'–'Lymphocytes' E'–'Macrophages'' '

A" E" B"

D"

C"

A"

C"

B"

SPLEEN'' ' A'–'White'pulp' •  Basophilically'staining'lymphatic'sheath' •  Associated'with'leukocytes' B'–'Trabeculae' C'–'Capsule' D'–'Red'pulp' •  Basophilically'staining'lymphatic'cords' '

A

C" " " D

B

A"

B C D

SPLEEN'–'WHITE'PULP'' ' A'–'Red'pulp'' B'–'Central'artery'(arteriole)' C'–'Periarterial'lymphatic'sheath'' D'–'White'pulp' '

SPLEEN'–'RED'PULP'' ' A'–'Splenic'cord' B'–'Splenic'sinus' C'–'Erythrocyte' D'–'Endothelial'cells'' '

A B C

THYMUS'' ' A'–'Adipose'tissue' B'–'Cortex'' C'–'Medulla'' D'–'Hassall’s'corpusle' '

D

A"

D"

B" C"

OLFACTORY'AND'RESPIRATORY'MUCOSA' ' A'–'Bone'spicule' B'–'Respiratory'mucosa' C'–'Nasal'cavity' D'–'Olfactory'mucosa'' '

A"

B"

C" G"

F"

A"

E"

D"

B"

E"

F"

C" D"

OLFACTORY'MUCOSA' ' A'–'Olfactory'gland'duct' •  Piercing'through'basement'membrane'and'olfactory'epithelium' B'–'Olfactory'nerve' C'–'Smooth'muscle'' D'–'Indistinct'basement'membrane'' E'–'Blood'vessels' F'–'Bone'spicule'' G'–'Olfactory'glands' H'–'Muscularis'mucosa' I'–'Lamina'propria'' J'–'Olfactory'epithelium'' '' '

OLFACTORY'EPITHELIUM'' ' A'–'Olfactory'cells' •  Bipolar'neuron'' •  Vesicular'nuclei' B'–'Sustentacular'supporting'cells'nuclei'' C'–'Indistinct'basement'membrane'' D'–'Basal'cell'nuclei' E'–'Olfactory'epithelium'' F'–'Cilia'' ' Pseudostratified'ciliated'epithelium'with'4'cell'types' ' '

RESPIRATORY'MUCOSA' ' A'–'Mucous'serous'glands' •  In'lamina'propria'' B'–'Bone'spicule' C'–'Blood'vessel' D'–'Distinct'basement'membrane'' E'–'Muscularis'mucosa' F'–'Lamina'propria'' G'–'Respiratory'epithelium' '

A"

G F" E" D"

C"

B"

RESPIRATORY'EPITHELIUM' ' A'–'Columnar'cells' •  With'apical'cilia' B'–'Goblet'cells' C'–'Respiratory'epithelium' D'–'Distinct'basement'membrane'' E'–'Basal'cells'nuclei' ' Pseudostratified'ciliated'epithelium'with''5'cell'types'

A"

C"

B"

D"

E"

B"

A"

C"

D" E" F"

A"

B" C" D"

H" F" G"

E"

TRACHEAL'MUCOSA'AND'SUBMUCOSA' ' A'–'Perichondrium' B'–''Respiratory'epithelium' •  Pseudostratified'ciliated'columnar'with'goblet'cells'' C'–'Lamina'propria' •  Cellular,'loose'CT' D'–'Hyaline'cartilage' E'–'Trachealis'muscle' F'–'Mucous'serous'glands' ' Conducting'portion' Where'end'of'C'ring'of'cartilage'meet' Nodular'and'diffuse'lymph'tissue'(+'vessels)'are'always'present'in'submucos and'lamina'propria'

BRONCHIAL'MUCOSA'AND'SUBMUCOSA' ' A'–'Respiratory'epithelium' B'–'Lamina'propria' C'–'Mucosa' D'–'Perichondrium' E'–'Hyaline'cartilage' F'–'Submucosa'' G'–'Glands' H'–'Muscularis'mucosa' '

BRONCHIOLAR'MUCOSA' ' A'–'Respiratory'eputhelium' •  Pseudostratified'ciliated'columnar'à'ciliated'columnar'(Proxi à'Distal)' B'–'Lamina'propria' •  Loose'CT' C'–'Muscularis'mucosa' •  Circular'band'of'smooth'muscle' D'–'Cilia' E'–'Goblet'cell' '

A" B" C"

D" E"

D" C" B" C"

E"

TRANSITIONS' ' A'–'Bronchiole'' B'–'Terminal'bronchiole' •  Simple'cuboidal'ciliated'epithelium'with'Clara'cells' C'–'Respiratory'bronchiole' D'–'Alveolar'sac' E'–'Alveolar'duct' F'–'Alveolus'' '

RESPIRATORY'BRONCHIOLE' ' A'–'Clara'cells' ' Respiratory'epithelium'='simple'cuboidal'ciliated'epithelium'with' Clara'cells' Lamina'propria' Muscularis'mucosa'

A"

A" B"

C"

D"

ALVEOLAR'DUCTS'AND'SACS' ' A'–'Interalveolar'septum'' B'–'Alveolar'duct' C'–'Smooth'muscle'‘knob’' D'–'Alveolus' ' Respiratory'epithelium'='simple'squamous'epithelium'' Lamina'propria'='scarce'loose'CT' Muscularis'mucosa'='individual'smooth'muscle'cell''' '

A"

D"

B" C" E" F"

ALVEOLUS' ' A'–'Alveolus' B'–'Blood'vessel' C'–'Endothelium' D'–'Connective'tissue'' E'–'Pneumocyte'type'1' F'–'Pneumocyte'type'2' •  Cuboidal'' G'–'Interalveolar'septum' ' Respiratory'epithelium'–'simple'squamous'' Lamina'propria'–'sparse'loose'CT' Muscularis'mucosa'–'few'smooth'muscle'cells''

G"

B"

A" C" D"

E"

INTERALVEOLAR'SEPTUM' ' A'–'Type'1'Pneumocytes' •  Squamous'epithelial'cell'lining'alveolus' B'–'Endothelial'cell' C'–'Alveolar'macrophages' •  Dust'cell' D'–'Capillaries'with'red'blood'cells' •  Single'file' E'–'type'2'Pneumocytes' •  Cuboidal'cells'in'angles'between'adjacent'alveoli'' '

"

C

B

"

B

F

G H

" "

"

A

"

INTERALVEOLAR'SEPTUM'EMG'' ' A'–'Blood'vessel' B'–'Basal'lamina' C'–'Lamellar'body' D'–'Pneumocyte'2' E'–'Blood'air'barrier' F'–'Endothelial...