History Quiz Questions Exam 3 PDF

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Quiz questions from class included on exam 4...

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1. The Mongols are best described as ___________. a. Horse-borne nomads and sheep herders 2. Over time, through the process of “crane catching,” the Mongols came to be ______. a. A confederation of many peoples, including those who spoke Turkic kanguages 3. According to early Mongol-inspired sources, Genghis Khan’s devotion to Tengri was a sign that “eternal heaven” had decreed that __________. a. his conquests would encompass the world 4. Which of the following was responsible for the longevity of the Mongol Empire? a. A lawmaking initiative helped regulate a variety of crimes and established a law code followed throughout the empire 5. _________, a Franciscan envoy, tried but failed to convert the Mongols to Christianity. a. William of Rubruck 6. Trading caravans favored the traditional Silk Roads, which crossed Eurasia to the ________. a. South of the steppe 7. Why did Europeans make the journey to China during the era of Mongol rule? a. The Mongol Peace made the overland trade routes safer than ever before… 8. Why was the Mongol conquest of China long and difficult? a. China’s terrain was not conducive to Mongol armies on horseback 9. In 1295, the Mongol leaders in Persia, called II-khans, converted to ___. a. Shiism 10. Why did Russian princes tolerate control by the Mongols? a. The Mongols intimidated them by terror 11. In the 1200s, _____ was in chaos bc of rebellions from the south and revolts by the Mamluks. a. Egypt 12. What were the consequences of the Mamluk defeat of the Mongols in 1260? a. It was the first serious reversal the Mogols had experienced and kept their armies out of Africa 13. The adventurer Iltutmish spent more than a decade creating what kind of state in Northern India? a. Muslim 14. Who was given the lands surrounding the central core of lands controlled by the Sultan of Delhi? a. Warriors in exchange or military service 15. Besides having to deal with the problems of an arguing elite, which of the following groups challenged Delhi’s rule? a. Hindu subjects 16. Western science grew more empirical in the thirteenth century, which means that it became _. a. More committed to the observation of nature

17. What was a consequence for Europe of the Mongol policing of the outlying trade routes in Eurasia? a. It ended Europe’s isolation and stimulated trade between Europe and China 18. In his attitude toward ____, Francis Assisi was representative of his time, illustrating the convergence of Chinese and Western attitudes. a. nature 19. Why did the demand for glassmaking increase in thirteenth century Europe? a. Churches began to use stained glass… 20. Why did clock-making catch on in Europe? a. Clockwork suited the rhythms of urban life in an age of urban growth 21. Where did the Mongols come from? a. The steppes of central Asia 22. In 1206, Temujin proclaimed himself ___ of all those who “live in felt tents”… a. Khan 23. How did Genghis Khan portray himself to Muslims? a. As an instrument of God 24. During the Mongol peace, the Mongols took it upon themselves to ___. a. Police the trade routes across the steppes 25. Who was the Venetian traveler in the 1270s who wrote about his travels through Mongol- ruled China? a. Marco Polo 26. What reason did the young Song emperor offer for abdicating to the Mongol khan in 1276? a. The mandate of heaven had shifted to the Mongol khan 27. How was the religious art of the Il-khanate in Persia different from other Muslim countries? a. It showed human figures and copied Christian art to depict scenes from Muhammad’s birth 28. The Russians’ fear of the Mongols was surpassed by their fear of _. a. Swedes, Poles, and Lithuanians 29. Where did most Mamluks come from? a. They were Turkic peoples that Mongol rebels displaced or captured and sold. 30. How did the Mamluk victory over the Mongols affect the religious nature of Africa? a. [if !supportLists][endif]Islam spread through Africa from Nubia to the regions around Lake Chad 31. How did the Mongol conquests in Central Asia affect the Sultanate of Delhi? a. They drove many refugees to take service in the sultan’s government 32. Which of the following was a result of the Sultan of Delhi’s lack of respect for the conventional ideas of hierarchy? a. He chose his daughter as his successor 33. In the thirteenth century, Europe adopted ____ as a form of information technology. a. Paper

34. Who believed that ignorance caused deference to authority and that science could convert infidels? a. Roger Bacon 35. In which two technologies did Western Europe lead development and production during the thirteenth century? a. Glass making and clockwork 36. Which of the following centuries was categorized by fluctuating cooling temperatures in the Arctic, southern moving ice caps, and glaciers that disrupted shipping? a. Fourteenth 37. During the fourteenth century, colder weather ______. a. Forced farmers to abandon formerly productive land at higher altitudes 38. In which of the following countries did the movement of glaciers force farmers into retreat? a. Norway 39. During the 14th century, calamitous flooding and coastal erosion became common around the ______. a. North Sea 40. How did climate change affect the Mongol territory of China in the fourteenth century? a. Mongol territories shrunk, and the region was plagued with famine. 41. Why is it unrealistic to believe that we can recognize past visitations of identifiable diseases from symptoms historical sources describe? a. People in the past looked at disease with perceptions different from our own 42. The medical consensus among both Christians and Muslims was that the plague was the result of ____. a. Infection and contagion 43. Where did the increased pace and intensity of persecution in the 14th century drive Jews to settle? a. In the central and eastern Mediterranean 44. In what way did women benefit from the plague? a. There was a shift in the balance of property between the sexes 45. Peasant millenarianism was a doctrine that prophesized a great upheaval with divine intervention that would help accomplish what goal? a. Empower the poor 46. Why did Japan largely escape the effects of the 14th-century plagues? a. Its relative isolation protected it 47. Which of the following was strategically important to the trade between Southeast Asia and China? a. Control of the strait between Malaya, Java, and Sumatra 48. Who were the Shoguns? a. The heredity chief ministers who ruled Japan 49. What was the result of Mansa Musa’s 1324 visit in Egypt? a. He endowed so many mosques and shrines that he caused inflation in Egypt

50. What product did most of the camel caravans crossing the Sahara carry? a. Salt for gold 51. Which of the following regions in considered one of the most isolated areas on the globe? a. Easter Island 52. What does the archaeological evidence of the people who settled in New Zealand say about their diet? a. Due to the wear on their teeth, they had a diet of fibrous foods and gritty mollusks 53. Which of the following cultures lived in big cedarwood houses, had diet of few vegetables, and ate mostly fur seal as a source of meat? a. Ozette 54. Why were warehouses and storerooms so important to the people of Chan Chan? a. They protected good form unpredictable and destructive weather... 55. How did the people of Chan Chan get the gold for their precious ornaments and ritual objects? a. Trade and tribute 56. Which of the following has been a consistent feature of the global climate for the past 150 years? a. A gradual warming trend 57. The ”Great Drowning” of 1362 occurred when ________. a. The North Sea swallowed vast areas of Holland and parishes in Denmark 58. Despite lack of concrete evidence, where did climate change seem to destroy regional agricultural systems and urban life? a. North American interior 59. How did the Hohokam people react to the climate change of the fourteenth century? a. They relocated … 60. The doctrine that in an imminent, divinely contrived relaunch of history, God will empower the poor, is called ____. a. Millenarianism 61. The age of the plague began in __. a. China 62. Where it was applied in time, __ helped to spare lives during the plague… a. Quarantine 63. The common opinion in Europe was that the ____ started the plague by poisoning wells. a. Jews 64. Which of the following is an example of how plague-ridden societies offered a greater chance of social mobility? a. Families that had been limited in their ambitions could accumulate wealth… 65. Why was Ibn Tughluq’s state unable to succeed in the long term? a. It relied on conquest to fuel the system

66. Which of the following best defines Zen? a. A tradition of Buddhism… 67. Why were Europeans so interested in reaching the gold fields of West Africa? a. The economies of western Europe were chronically short of precious metals with which to trade. 68. What were Moais? a. Statues of faces carved out of rock pillars over 20 ft tall 69. _______ was another remote outpost of the Polynesian world…. a. New Zealand 70. What did the Chan culture, especially the elite, rely on for a protein food source? a. llama 71. Why did maize become more popular in China, especially in areas of new settlement, during the 16th century? a. Less labor to produce and could grow in multiple climates 72. What did the use of wheat to make bread signify for Native Americans? a. Urban sophistication 73. Which was an effect of the 1580s growth in production of sugar in the Americas? a. Boom in slave trade 74. By 1700 what had become the West’s favorite stimulant? a. Coffee 75. The husband of Pocahontas who bridged the communication gap between Indians and English? a. John Rolfe 76. Why did so many Native Americans die of smallpox? a. They lacked immunity 77. Which of the following groups attempted an experiment in self-sustaining community building and tried to protect the health and traditions of Native Americans? a. Jesuits 78. In which region did French explorers unknowingly introduce influenza in the 1530s? a. St. Lawrence river valley in Canada 79. Which of the following areas suffered from epidemics of greater virulence than the more notorious plagues of the 14th century in the 1580s and 1640s? a. China 80. Which of the following is a possible explanation for the end of the plagues? a. Exchange of food improved nutrition and health 81. Why did Europe find North America a difficult place to establish colonies? a. Native American population couldn’t maintain viable community 82. How were indentured servants who came to the American colonies different from enslaved Africans? a. They worked for their masters under contract and were eventually released 83. When did Spanish colonies in the Western hemisphere start importing African slaves?

a. 1510 84. What was the major consequence of Brazil’s increasing importation of African slaves in the 1570s? a. Brazil became world’s main sugar producer 85. Due to naval supremacy and control of slave sources, who was in control of the slave trade until after the 1640s? a. Portuguese and Spanish 86. During the 16th and 17th centuries in northern and central Asia, steppeland imperialism…? a. Waned 87. In the 1640s, the _______ army conquered China and dethroned the last Ming emperor? a. Manchu 88. Empires that took advantage of the “military revolution” of the 16th and 17th centuries are often called…? a. Gunpowder empires 89. After the Dutch East India Company established a colony on the Cape of Good Hope in 1652, Dutch settlers introduced ________. a. Sheep 90. Which of the following was a consequence of the introduction of horses, cattle, and sheep into the Americas in the 16th and 17th centuries? a. Empires’ economies based on herding livestock 91. The Russian conquest of Kazan in the 1550s made possible the colonizations of which regions? a. “black earth” regions 92. The Japanese used language similar to that of English and Scots propaganda about the highlanders, islanders, and Gaelic Irish to describe what group? a. Ainu 93. The Manchu conquest of ______ was exceptionally savage. a. Sichuan 94. Large-scale ______ preceded the Chinese conquest on Taiwan in the 1660s. a. immigration 95. Which of the following was a policy used in India to advance the frontiers of settlement in their own country and in new conquests? a. Deforestation 96. What was the most vivid measure of success in the Spanish Empire in the Americas…? a. Cities 97. The “black gold” of the far north of the Americas was? a. Furs 98. Late in the 17th century in North America, rice cultivation made a large settlement possible in…? a. South Carolina 99. How were the English colonies south of Virginia like the colonies in Mesoamerica and South America settled by the Spanish, Dutch, and Portuguese?

a. Climates supported cash crops by slave labor 100. What was a consequence of reliance on large-scale enterprises with heavy capital investment in developing colonies? a. Large disparities in wealth 101. What was the contribution of Jean-Baptiste Colbert, the chief minister of King Louis XIV, to France’s efforts to increase production? a. Ordered a map of the country be made 102. Which of the following fuel sources did Great Britain, Germany, and the southern Netherlands increasingly turn to as a new energy source? a. Coal 103. Which of the following regions had an abundance of coal, but relied on wood and charcoal to meet their energy needs? a. China 104. A major beneficiary of land reclamation from the 1610s to the 1640s was…? a. Holland 105. What was a negative consequence of the drainage of the fenlands in England in 1600? a. Military forced local inhabitants off the land 106. Which of the following was promoted by imperialism? a. More efficient exploitation of the earth 107. Why were northeast North American natives used to a mobile way of life by the 17th century? a. Had to deal with soil erosion and forest depletion due to maize cultivation 108. With over 7,000 people in 1680, which of the following was the biggest settlement in the Great Lakes region? a. Kaskaskia 109. What was a consequence of the disadvantages of trying to farm in the northeast North American region? a. Tribes kept their traditional ways of life 110. Which of the following became a valuable product of trade in southern North American in the 1690s? a. Deerskins 111. Why were New World maize, sweet potatoes, and corn important to the rest of the world? a. They could feed a vast population 112. Which of the following products transplanted to America has the biggest impact on world market? a. Sugar 113. What percentage of the Native American populations in the densely populated regions of Mesoamerica and the Andes was wiped out by sickness in the 16th century? a. 90% 114. The last recorded outbreak of the plague in Europe was in the port of Marseilles in France in the…?

a. 1720s From the perspectives of Europeans, the Americans suffered from…? a. Shortages of useful labor 116. What became the universal method to develop planation crops in subtropical America? a. Slavery 117. The development of new ways to exploit the soil, in combination with the widening of trade, can be called the economic dividend of ______. a. Imperialism 118. How have the wars the English and lowland Scots waged to seize land from Ireland be characterized? a. Protestants against Catholics 119. Which of the following regions did the Mughal conquer in 1665? a. Burma 120. Which of the following innovations brought by Europeans to the Americas allowed farmers to use the strength of horses and oxen instead of human power? a. Plows 121. The incentives required for Portugal to drive its Brazilian frontier inward were…? a. Gold and diamonds 122. The survey of Japan that included the dimensions and soil quality of every rice field and location of every irrigation channel was commissioned by which ruler? a. Shogun Hideyoshi 123. What was the issue surrounding the minor social revolution that followed the transformation of the land in Holland in the 1600s? a. Small landholders lost access to the sea and were forced to sell out to big landholders 124. Which of the following crops was adapted by natives in the Middle Ages to grow in the colder and less hospitable regions in North America around the Great Lakes? a. Maize 125. Which of the following was an improvement to the hunting techniques of the Native Americans who came in contact with colonists? a. Firearms and knives 126. Why did the public tolerate employment based on coercion such as slavery, indentured workers, serfs, unpaid apprentices, and convict workers? a. Traditional forms of employment no one had ever really put thought into 127. Who justified slavery in 1774 by claiming that black Africans were a different species with low intelligence and animal characteristics? a. Edward Long 128. During the 18th century, what techniques were employed by Portuguese masters to preserve control over slaves in the gold mining districts of Brazil? a. Large rations of rum and tobacco 115.

129. What was the only allowable form of sexual relationship between whites and blacks in most slave labor communities? a. White men and black slave women 130. Why did some slave owners encourage slaves to marry and have children? a. Cheaper than buying new slaves 131. Which of the following was the biggest European slave station in West Africa? a. Goree 132. What slave state became the most powerful in the south Kongo region? a. Luanda 133. Which of the following describes prazeros? a. Portuguese colonists who took advantage of a gold rush in Zambezi valley 134. Which of the following began Ethiopia’s “Era of Princes” where warlorads essentially controlled Ethiopian emperors? a. Mika’el Suhul took government into his own hands 135. In 1794, which Sahelian holy man launched a war designed to purge and renew Islam throughout Africa? a. Usuman da Fodio 136....