HUM1020 QUIZ 3 Notes - humanities PDF

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HUM1020 QUIZ 3 NOTES Early medieval Romanesque pt 1  c500-1500  2 periods early and late  migrations, wars and upheavals  fall of the roman empire, invasions by barbarian tribes, economic trouble, rise of Christianity and traditional roman values  Dark ages because there was no much information about this period of time, lack of records  Visual art -paintings: illuminated on parchment  book of kells -Finest gospel book of the early middle ages still in existence ( 800 BCE?) -Christ enthroned, No attempt to represent human details, no focus on naturalism but on the story of the paintings, four evangelists surrounding Jesus while he is being proclaimed as a divine king  Literature -Beowulf  Important ruler Charlemagne -manage to unite Europe -Supported Christianity and wanted to Christianize everybody -Feudal society, vessels can live on the land and be loyal to the crown Aechen Cathedral  western Germany near border with nederlands  Frank no se q began building the cathedral in the late 8th century  features AN OCTAGONAL DOME 32 METERS HIGH  his tomb is in the cathedral altar  Charlemagne place3d especial significance to the number 8  Circle represents god’s eternity and the squares represent the secular world, the four corners represent directions to heaven and the four characteristics of men  the emperors throne built in the 10th century overlooks the alter  the statue outside Charlemagne is holding a scepter on his right hand to represent his rule of the secular world and on his left hand holds an orb symbolizing the religious world Monasticism  MONOS Greek word meaning alone  St Catherine Sinai Monastery oldest working Christian monastery in the world  four vows of monks poverty, stability, obedience, chastity  Education was available on monasteries  monks feed the poor and gave shelter to travelers etc

music was based more in voices than in instruments, instrument were associated with pagans  Gregorian chants for around year 850  Guido d’ Arezzo developed a way to sing and remember music, Guido took a set of words and then put in on a four line pentagram so people would know the notes, the pitch etc Romanesque period -10th through 12th century, until the rise of gothic art -12th century magna carta, limited royal authority which led the way to democracy -Crusade, holly words with the purpose of recapturing the holly land from muslim occupaiers

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ROMENASQUE SCULPTURE  worshiping idols, started carving the bible etc on sculptures Gothic architecture  First truly gothic building around 1140 AD, Basilica cathedral of saint de4nis built by the french  considered uplifting for their time, large walls and colorfull windows  reduce load bearing walls and build higher buildings  most important element is pointed arch  fewer columns, taller thiner buildings  flying buttress more elegant and disguises the load helps support weight  ornamentation, rose window depicts final judgement of man and as part of the gothic tradition which biblical stories would be across the cathedral  gargoyles very important  started in France pero despues fue por toda Europa Gothic era and late middle ages  Paris  King Louis IX very fair and just, the king of the people, peace keeper  Gothic 1140-1200  Royal Abbey was A SYMBOL OF GOD ON EARTH, gold etc symbol of god…  Notre Dame,paris about jesus’s mother 1163-1250  1180 Flying buttresses were added  notre dame Chartres, high gothic also for Virgen Mary, highest part of the city to be closest to heaven, original building burnt in 1020 but was rebuilt, 1194 other fire only windows and portals were left, was rebuilt again in 1250  Rayonnant style -Saint chapelle paris upper chapel 1243-1248 -smaller, mostly stained glass windows  Flamboyant style -saint maclou, Rouen 1434 Sainte-Chapelle paris

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palace of the king of France lower chapel used by the kings household upper chapel used by the king and the queen far end with a reliquary for the crown the crown had the blood of Christ, bringing Christ into their inmediate experience lots of lights, more than ¾ of the building made of glass each window tells a story

sculpture  Jamb figures: column fugures, notre dame, play an architectural role, high gothic Scholasticism  attitude towards secular learning  rise of universities  liberal arts, grammar, logic, arithmetic, astronomy, music, geometry y otra mas, then they added civic , medicine, theology Music  Gregorian chant: single line, monophonic  additio9n of second line, organom?  addition of extra parts, notated rhythm  polyphony: lines are very independent , can sound hollow and thin  secular song: non religious, how love was dealt with outside the church Medieval calamities  black plague…  toward the renaissance -seeds of scientific inquiry Renaissance in italy  means rebirth  Florence becomes a center of trade  medici built the first public library, employed architects, phylosophers, writers etc  Renaissance humanism -relationship between the human body and geometry  architecture -ancient roman models -Filippo Brunelleschi -Florence cathedral, stone at the bottom and then bricks Music renaissance  church quare increased in terms of number of people  royalty have court compossers  musicians enjoyed higher status and pay  words would gain a greater importance  word paintings: musical representation of poetic images  renaissance polyphony -4 or more lines of equal interest

-sounds fuller -added base register -combination of notes which helped harmony Renaissance music and dance  music written for dancing, parts were written without specific instruments indicated  many instruments created but not all currently used ...