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Joseph Estrada From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to navigationJump to search "Erap" redirects here. For the French company, see ERAP. For other people named Jose Estrada, see Jose Estrada (disambiguation). Joseph Ejercito Estrada

Joseph Estrada in 2016 13th President of the Philippines

In office June 30, 1998 – January 20, 2001

Vice President

Gloria Macapagal Arroyo

Preceded by

Fidel V. Ramos

Succeeded by

Gloria Macapagal Arroyo 26th Mayor of Manila

In office June 30, 2013 – June 30, 2019

Vice Mayor

Francisco "Isko Moreno" Domagoso (2013–2016) Honey Lacuna (2016–2019)

Preceded by

Alfredo Lim

Succeeded by

Francisco "Isko Moreno" Domagoso 9th Vice President of the Philippines

In office June 30, 1992 – June 30, 1998

President

Fidel V. Ramos

Preceded by

Salvador Laurel

Succeeded by

Gloria Macapagal Arroyo

Chairman of the Presidential Anti-Crime Commission

In office 1992–1997

President

Fidel V. Ramos Senator of the Philippines

In office June 30, 1987 – June 30, 1992 14th Mayor of San Juan, Metro Manila

In office August 5, 1969 – March 26, 1986

Preceded by

Braulio Santo Domingo

Succeeded by

Reynaldo San Pascual

Personal details

Born

José Marcelo Ejercito

April 19, 1937 (age 83) Tondo, Manila, Commonwealth of the Philippines

Political party

PMP (1997–present)

Other political

Nacionalista (1969–1988)

affiliations

Liberal Party (1988–1991) NPC (1991–1997) UNA (2012–2015)

Spouse(s)

Luisa Pimentel

(m. 1959)

Children

11 (incl. Jinggoy, Joseph Victor)

Residence

Santa Mesa, Manila

Alma mater

Mapúa University Central Colleges of the Philippines

Occupation

Actor, politician

Profession

Businessperson

Signature

Website

erap.ph

Joseph Ejercito Estrada (born José Marcelo Ejercito; April 19, 1937) is a Filipino politician and former actor who served as the 13th President of the Philippines from 1998 to 2001, ninth Vice President of the Philippines from 1992 to 1998, and the 26th Mayor of the City of Manila, the country's capital,[1] from 2013 to 2019. In 2001, he became the first president in Asia to be impeached from an executive role and resigned from power. Estrada gained popularity as a film actor, playing the lead role in over a hundred films in an acting career spanning some three decades, and model, who was started as a fashion and ramp model at the age of 13. He used his popularity as an actor to make gains in politics, serving as Mayor of San Juan from 1969 to 1986, as Senator from 1987 to 1992, then as Vice President under President Fidel Ramos from 1992 to 1998. Estrada was elected president in 1998 with a wide margin of votes separating him from the other challengers, and was sworn into the presidency on June 30, 1998. In 2000 he declared an "all-out-war" against the Moro Islamic Liberation Front and captured its headquarters and other camps.[2][3] However, allegations of corruption spawned an impeachment trial in the Senate, and in 2001 Estrada was ousted by "People Power 2" after the prosecution walked out of the impeachment court when the senator-judges voted "no" in the opening of the second envelope. In 2007, Estrada was sentenced by a special division of the Sandiganbayan to reclusión perpetua for the plunder of $80 million from the government, but was later granted pardon by President and his former deputy Gloria Macapagal Arroyo. He ran for president again in the 2010 presidential election, but was defeated by Senator Benigno Aquino III by a wide margin. He later served as Mayor of Manila for two terms, from 2013 to 2019.

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1Early life and education 2Career 2.1Film actor 2.2Entry into politics  2.2.1Mayor of San Juan  2.2.2Senator of the Philippines 3Vice-Presidency 4Presidency 4.1Cabinet (1998–2001)[13] 4.2Domestic policies  4.2.1Rebellion in Mindanao 4.3Foreign policies 4.4Economy 4.5Corruption charges and impeachment 4.6EDSA II  4.6.1Protests  4.6.2Resignation 5Post-Presidency

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5.1Trial 5.2Perjury case 5.3Pardon and release from detention 5.4Activities 62010 Presidential election 7Other activities 8Mayor of Manila 9Electoral history 10In popular culture 11Personal life 11.1Marriage and family 11.2Extramarital affairs 11.3Other relatives 12Awards and honors 13References 14External links

Early life and education[edit] This section of a biography of a living person does not include any references or sources. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living people that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately. Find sources: "Joseph Estrada" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (July 2019) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

José Marcelo Ejercito was born at 8:25 pm on April 19, 1937 at Manuguit Maternity Hospital (now known as Amisola Maternity Hospital) in Tondo, an urban district of Manila. His family later moved to the wealthy suburb of San Juan. He belonged to a wealthy family, and was the eighth of ten children of Emilio Ejercito Sr. (1898–1977) and his wife, Maria Marcelo (1905–2009). After graduating from the Ateneo elementary school in 1951, he was expelled during his second year of secondary studies at the Ateneo High School for disciplinary conduct. Later during college he enrolled in a Bachelor of Sciencs in Civil Engineering course at the Mapúa Institute of Technology in an effort to please his father. However, he would leave once again and later transferred to Central Colleges of the Philippines College of Engineering but dropped out. In his twenties, he began a career as a drama actor, usually playing the role of the villain/antagonist. He adopted the stage name "Joseph Estrada", as his mother objected to his chosen career and his decision to quit schooling multiple times. He also acquired the nickname "Erap" (a play on the Tagalog slang "pare", meaning 'buddy') from his friend, fellow actor Fernando Poe, Jr.

Career[edit]

Film actor[edit] Main article: Joseph Estrada filmography

In 1974 Estrada founded the Movie Workers Welfare Foundation (Mowelfund), which helps filmmakers through medical reimbursements, hospitalization, surgery and death benefits, livelihood, and alternative income opportunities and housing. Its educational arm, the Mowelfund Film Institute, has produced some of the most skilled and respected producers, filmmakers, writers and performers in both the independent and mainstream sectors of the industry since its inception in 1979.[4][failed verification] He also founded, together with Guillermo de Vega, the first Metro Manila Film Festival in 1975.[citation needed]

Entry into politics[edit] This section of a biography of a living person needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. Find sources: "Joseph Estrada" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (November 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

Mayor of San Juan[edit]

Estrada entered politics in 1967, running for mayor of San Juan, Metro Manila, then a municipality of Rizal, failing and only succeeding in 1969 after winning an electoral protest against Braulio Sto. Domingo. His administration achieved many infrastructure developments. These included the establishment of the first Municipal High School, the Agora complex, a modern slaughterhouse, a sprawling government center with a post office, a mini-park and the paving of 98 percent of the town's roads and alleys. As mayor, he paid particular attention to the elementary education of children by improving and renovating school buildings, constructing additional school structures, health centers, barangay halls and playgrounds in all the barangays and providing artesian wells to areas with low water supply. He relocated some 1,800 squatter families out of San Juan to Taytay, Rizal, at no cost. He was also the first mayor to computerize assessment of the Real Estate Tax in the Municipal Assessor's Office.[5] When Corazon Aquino assumed the presidency in 1986, all elected officials of the local government were forcibly removed and replaced by appointed officers-in-charge, including Estrada[citation needed]. Senator of the Philippines[edit]

The following year, Estrada won a seat in the Senate under the Grand Alliance for Democracy (GAD) placing 16th in the elections (out of 24 winners). He was appointed Chairman of the Committee on Public Works. He was Vice-Chairman of the Committees on Health, Natural Resources and Ecology and Urban Planning. In the Senate, Estrada was credited with the passage of, among other major pieces of legislation, the bills on irrigation project and the protection and propagation of carabaos, the beast of burden in the rural areas.

As a senator, he was one of the so-called "Magnificent 12" who voted to terminate the RP-US Military Bases Agreement leading to the withdrawal of American servicemen from the Clark Air Base in Pampanga and the Subic Naval Base in Zambales. In 1989, the Free Press cited him as one of the Three Outstanding Senators of the Year. He was conferred the degree of Doctor of Humanities, Honoris Causa by the Bicol University in April 1997, and the University of Pangasinan in 1990.

Vice-Presidency[edit] See also: Presidency of Fidel V. Ramos

In 1992, Joseph Estrada initially ran for president with Vicente Rivera, Jr. as his running mate but he withdrew his bid and instead ran for vice-president as the running mate of Eduardo Cojuangco, Jr. under the Nationalist People's Coalition. Though Cojuangco lost to former National Defense Secretary Fidel Ramos, Estrada won the vicepresidency garnering more votes than his closest opponent, Ramon Mitra, Jr.'s running mate, Marcelo Fernan. As Vice-President, Estrada was the chairman of President Ramos' Presidential AntiCrime Commission (PACC). Estrada arrested criminal warlords and kidnapping syndicates.[6] He resigned as chairman in 1997. In the same year Estrada, together with former President Corazon Aquino, Cardinal Jaime Sin, Senator Gloria Macapagal Arroyo and other political leaders, led an anti-charter change rally brought in an estimated half a million people to Rizal Park against the charter change moves by Ramos and his supporters.[7] In early 1993, Estrada established Club 419 in Cafe Ysabel within San Juan as a private men's club for him and his friends such as Fernando Poe Jr. to hang out together.[8]

Presidency[edit] Main article: Presidency of Joseph Estrada Presidential styles of

Joseph Ejercito Estrada

Reference style

His Excellency

Spoken style

Your Excellency

Alternative style

Mr. President

Estrada was the first president to use a special name as his official address name, combining his real family name, Ejercito, with his screen name, thus forming "Joseph Ejercito Estrada".[9] Estrada was inaugurated on June 30, 1998 in the historical town of Malolos in Bulacan province in paying tribute to the cradle of the First Philippine Republic. That afternoon the new president delivered his inaugural address at the Quirino Grandstand in Luneta. He assumed office amid the Asian Financial Crisis and with agricultural problems due to poor weather conditions, thereby slowing the economic growth to -0.6% in 1998 from 5.2% in 1997.[10] The economy recovered by 3.4% in 1999 and 4% in 2000.[11] In 2000 he declared an "all-out-war" against the Moro Islamic Liberation Front and captured its headquarters and other camps.[2][3] However, allegations of corruption spawned a railroaded impeachment trial in the Senate courtesy of house speaker Manuel Villar, and in 2001 Estrada was ousted from a coup after the trial was aborted. In his Inaugural Address, Estrada said: One hundred years after Kawit, fifty years after independence, twelve years after EDSA, and seven years after the rejection of foreign bases, it is now the turn of the masses to experience liberation. We stand in the shadow of those who fought to make us free – free from foreign domination, free from domestic tyranny, free from superpower dictation, free from economic backwardness.[12]

Cabinet (1998–2001)[13][edit] OFFICE

NAME

TERM

President

Joseph Ejercito Estrada

June 30, 1998 – January 20, 20

Vice-President

Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo

June 30, 1998 – January 20, 20

Executive Secretary

Ronaldo Zamora

July 1, 1998 – December 31, 20

Edgardo Angara

January 6, 2001 – January 20, 2

Secretary of Agrarian Reform

Horacio Morales, Jr.

July 1, 1998 – January 20, 2001

Secretary of Agriculture

William Dar

July 1, 1998 – May 24, 1999

Edgardo Angara

May 25, 1999 – January 5, 200

Domingo Panganiban

January 6, 2001 – January 20, 2

Secretary of Budget and Management

Benjamin Diokno

July 1, 1998 – January 20, 2001

Secretary of Education, Culture and Sports

Andrew Gonzalez

July 1, 1998 – January 20, 2001

Secretary of Energy

Mario Tiaoqui

July 1, 1998 – January 20, 2001

Secretary of Environment and Natural Resources

Antonio Cerilles

July 1, 1998 – January 20, 2001

Secretary of Finance

Edgardo Espiritu

July 1, 1998 – December 31, 19

Jose Pardo

January 2, 2000 – January 20, 2

Secretary of Foreign Affairs

Domingo Siazon, Jr.

June 30, 1998 – January 20, 20

Secretary of Health

Felipe Estrella Jr.

June 30, 1998 – September 13,

Alberto Romualdez, Jr.

September 14, 1998 – January

Secretary of the Interior and Local Government

Joseph Ejercito Estrada July 1, 1998 – April 12, 1999 (in concurrent capacity as President) Ronaldo Puno

April 12, 1999 – January 7, 200

Alfredo Lim

January 8, 2000 – January 19, 2

Serafin Cuevas

June 30, 1998 – February 11, 2

Artemio Tuquero

February 11, 2000 – January 20

Secretary of Labor and Employment

Bienvenido Laguesma

June 30, 1998 – January 20, 20

Secretary of National Defense

Orlando S. Mercado

June 30, 1998 – January 20, 20

Secretary of Public Works and Highways

Gregorio Vigilar

June 30, 1998 – January 20, 20

Secretary of Science and Technology

William Padolina

June 30, 1998 – January 29, 19

Filemino Uriarte

February 1, 1999 – January 1, 2

Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo

July 1, 1998 – October 3, 2000

Dulce Saguisag

October 4, 2000 – January 20,

Secretary of Tourism

Gemma Cruz-Araneta

July 1, 1998 – January 19, 2001

Secretary of Trade and Industry

Jose Pardo

July 1, 1998 – 1999

Manuel Roxas II

1999 – January 20, 2001

Secretary of Transportation and Communications

Vicente Rivera, Jr.

July 1, 1998 – January 20, 2001

Presidential Spokesperson

Fernardo Barican

June 30, 1998 – January 20, 20

Press Secretary

Rodolfo Reyes

June 30, 1998 – April 12, 2000

Ricardo Puno

April 13, 2000 – January 20, 20

Angel Alcala

June 30, 1998 – July 11, 1999

Ester Garcia

July 12, 1999 – January 20, 200

Secretary of Justice

Secretary of Social Welfare and Development

Chairperson of the Commission on Higher Education

Director-General Felipe Medalla of the National Economic and Development Authority

July 1, 1998 – January 20, 2001

Solicitor General

Ricardo Galvez

June 30, 1998 – January 20, 20

Chairman

Jejomar Binay

July 1, 1998 – January 20, 2001

of the Metropolitan Manila Development Authority National Security Adviser

Alexander Aguirre

July 1, 1998 – January 19, 2001

Presidential Adviser on the Peace Process

Manuel T. Yan

June 30, 1998 – January 20, 20

Lead Convenor of the National Anti-Poverty Commission

Horacio Morales, Jr.

December 1998 – October 200

Dulce Saguisag

October 2000 – January 20, 20

Domestic policies[edit] Main article: Domestic policies of Joseph Estrada Rebellion in Mindanao[edit] Main articles: 2000 Philippine campaign against the Moro Islamic Liberation Front and Battle of Camp Abubakar

During the Ramos administration a cessation of hostilities agreement was signed between the Philippine Government and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) in July 1997. This was continued by a series of peace talks and negotiations in Estrada administration.[3] The MILF, an Islamic group formed in 1977, seeks to be an independent Islamic State from the Philippines, and, despite the agreements, a sequence of terrorist attacks on the Philippine military and civilians still continued. [3] These included the kidnapping of a foreign priest, namely Father Luciano Benedetti; the destruction by arson of Talayan, Maguindanao's municipal hall; the takeover of the Kauswagan Municipal Hall; the bombing of the Lady of Mediatrix boat at Ozamiz City; and the takeover of the Narciso Ramos Highway. By doing so, they inflicted severe damage on the country's image abroad, and scared much-needed investments away. For this reason, on March 21, 2000, Estrada declared an "all out war" against the MILF. During the war the Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines (CBCP) asked Estrada to negotiate a cease-fire with MILF, but Estrada opposed the idea arguing that a cease-fire would cause more terrorist attacks. For the next three months of the war, Camp Abubakar, headquarters of the MILF, fell along with other 13 major camps and 43 minor camps, and then all of which became under controlled by the government. The MILF leader Hashim Salamat fled to Malaysia. The MILF later declared a Jihad on the government. On July 10 of the same year, the President went to Minadanao and raised the Philippine flag symbolizing victory. After the war the President said, "... will speed up government efforts to bring genuine and lasting peace and development in Mindanao". In the middle of July the president ordered the military to arrest top MILF leaders. [14] In his state of the nation address, popularly called "SONA", the president highlighted his vision for Mindanao:  

The first is to restore and maintain peace in Mindanao—because without peace, there can be no development. The second is to develop Mindanao—because with...