Lab 8 - Beyond Labz - Alkene Hydration PDF

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This is a lab for Organic Chemistry I for the Summer 2021 semester from Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science....

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Princelawrenz C. Hamlin Lab Partner: None Lab Performed: June 24, 2021

Organic Chemistry I Charles Drew University Summer 2021

Lab 8: Alkene Hydration Introduction: In this experiment, the focus is on the hydration of alkenes via an acid-catalyzed hydrolysis reaction. Characteristically, in hydrolysis reaction the hydroxyl group (OH−) replaces another chemical group in the molecule and hydrolysis reactions are usually catalyzed by hydrogen ions or hydroxyl ions. This lab enables us to discover which reagents and solvents create the targeted compounds. The catalyst are proton donors.

Materials: The starting materials were obtained from the stock room 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Round Bottom Flask 2-methyl-1-butene H2O stir plate reflux condenser N2 Gas Hole

Procedure: The two reagents needed to get the reaction started are H2O and H2SO4. A. The Alkene Hydration-1 lab is to synthesize the compound 2-methyl-2-butanol. 1. 3,3-dimethyl-1-butene & H2O were added to the flask 2. The flask was placed on the stir plate 3. H2SO4 was added to the flask along with the other starting materials 4. Attach reflux condenser 5. The stir plate was turned on and the reaction started and produced 2,3, dimethyl-2butanol 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Styrene & H2O were added to the flask The flask was placed on the stir plate H2SO4 was added to the flask along with the other starting materials Attach reflux condenser The stir plate was turned on and the reaction started and produced 1-Phenylethanol.

B. The Alkene Hydration-2 lab is to synthesize the compound 2-hexanol. a. 1-Hexane & H2O were added to the flask b. The flask was placed on the stir plate c. H2SO4 was added to the flask along with the other starting materials 1

Princelawrenz C. Hamlin Lab Partner: None Lab Performed: June 24, 2021

Organic Chemistry I Charles Drew University Summer 2021

d. Attach reflux condenser e. The stir plate was turned on and the reaction started and produced 2-Hexanol.

C. The Alkene Hydration-3 lab is to synthesize the compound 1-methyl-cyclohexanol. a. 1-Methyl-cyclohexene & H2O were added to the flask b. The flask was placed on the stir plate c. H2SO4 was added to the flask along with the other starting materials d. Attach reflux condenser e. The stir plate was turned on and the reaction started and produced 1-Methylcyclohexanol.

D. The Alkene Hydration-4 lab is to synthesize the compound 2-methyl-2-pentanol. a. 4-Methyl-2-pentene & H2O were added to the flask b. The flask was placed on the stir plate c. H2SO4 was added to the flask along with the other starting materials d. Attach reflux condenser e. The stir plate was turned on and the reaction started and produced 2-Methyl-pentanol. Results: The products of these reactions are alcohols and they follow the Markovnikov rule where the alcohol group binds to the more highly substituted carbon. H2SO4 is required for the reaction to occur because it is a catalyst and its role is to decrease the energy of the activation. The regioselectivity of the reaction was that the Markovnikov rule was followed and the addition of the hydrogen ion to one carbon atom in the alkene created a positive charge on the other carbon, forming a carbocation intermediate.

Conclusion: In this experiment, we learned that Markovnikov rule is very important to an acid-catalyzed hydrolysis reaction. The hydrogen atoms in the reactions were attached to the carbon atom with more hydrogen substitutes. The catalyst, H2SO4 was proton donor in the experiments. We worked with electrophilic alkene addition reactions in this experiment.

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