Lab Individu MEM341 EM1105B PDF

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FACULTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING UiTM JOHOR KAMPUS PASIR GUDANG

PRACITCAL WORK SHEET

INTRODUCTION TO HYDRAULIC COMPONENTS (INDIVIDUAL) PROGRAM COURSE CODE

: DIPLOMA IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING : FLUID POWER TECHNOLOGY : MEM341

NAME

:

CLASS

: J4EM1105B

DATE OF SUBMISSION

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

STUDENT ID :

: 07/05/2020

CRITERIA Timeliness and Attendance Components of The Report Question/Purpose/Objective Body: Result and Discussion Procedures Summary Reference List Figures, Diagrams, Tables and Graphs Appearance/Organization

SCORE ( 1 – 4 )

TOTAL

I 36

OBJECTIVES: 1. To specify the basic components in hydraulic systems. 2. To describe the function(s) of each component. 3. To identify the standard graphical symbols used for each components.

APPARATUS: Basic hydraulic components trainer set, Festo Hydraulic software and Automation Studio Software.

PROCEDURE: 1. Find out and identify the relevant components by help of the hydraulic trainer sets, Festo Hydraulic software and Automation Studio software. 2. You must identify the following components:  Reservoir/Tank  Filter  Strainer  Pump  Electric motor  Actuator  Double acting cylinder  Single acting cylinder  Hydraulic motor  Directional control valve  2/2 way valve  3/2 way valve  4/2 way valve  4/3 way valve  Different method of valve actuation methods  Flow control valve  Throttle valve  Check valve  Pressure control valve  Relief valve  Reducing valve  Counterbalance valve  Sequence valve (NOTE: You can add others hydraulic components that you have identified) 3. Familiarize with the components and identify its standard graphical symbol. 4. Understand the function(s) of each of the component you have identified. 5. Write a report on your finding. 6. For each component that you list out, it must be accompany by the component name, picture if applicable, standard graphical symbol, function(s).

HYDRAULIC COMPONENT Reservoir/Tank Function: The purpose of the hydraulic reservoir is to hold a volume of fluid.

Reserv oir

Tank

Filter Function: The purpose of the hydraulic filter is to remove dirt and particles on a continuous basis.

Filter

Strainer Function: The purpose of a strainer is a device made of wire mesh screens, which seek to remove large solid particles from a fluid.

Filter

Pump Function: A hydraulic pump is a mechanical device that converts mechanical power into hydraulic energy.

Pump unit

Pump unit (simplif ied r…

Electric motor Function: Hydraulic motors are rotary actuators that convert hydraulic, or fluid energy into mechanical power.

Actuator i. Double acting cylinder Function: A double-acting hydraulic cylinder has a port at each end, supplied with hydraulic fluid for both the retraction and extension of the piston.

Double act ing cy linder

ii.

Single acting cylinder Function: Single Acting cylinder only extends by pressure from a pump and then retracts by the weight of the load or by an inbuilt spring.

Single acting cy linder

iii.

Hydraulic motor Function: A hydraulic motor is a mechanical actuator that converts hydraulic pressure and flow into torque and angular displacement (rotation).

Hy draulic motor

Directional Control Valve i. 2/2 way valve Function: A two-way valve is generally used to control the direction of fluid flow in a hydraulic circuit and is a sliding-spool type.

2/n Way Valv e

ii.

3/2 way valve Function: A 3-way valve allows fluid flow to an actuator in one position and exhausts the fluid from it in the other position.

3/n Way Valv e

iii.

4/2 way valve Function: Four-way, directional-control valves are used to control the direction of fluid flow in a hydraulic circuit, which controls the direction of movement of a work cylinder or the rotation of a fluid motor. (Only 2 position)

4/n Way Valv e

iv.

4/3 way valve Function: Four-way, directional-control valves are used to control the direction of fluid flow in a hydraulic circuit, which controls the direction of movement of a work cylinder or the rotation of a fluid motor. (Have 3 position)

v.

A

B

P

T

Different method of valve actuation methods

Flow control valve i. Throttle valve Function: A device placed in the passageway of a moving fluid in order to restrict its flow rate or to alter its pressure in the channel.

ii.

Check valve Function: Check valves stop the flow of fluid in one direction and allow free flow in the opposite direction.

Check v alv e

Check v alv e

Pressure control valve i. Relief valve Function: Pressure relief valves are used in hydraulic systems to limit the system pressure to a specific set level.

Pressure relief v alv e

Pressure relief v alv e w…

ii.

Reducing valve Function: Pressure-reducing valve is normally an open, 2-way valve that allows system pressure fluid to flow through it until a set pressure is reached downstream.

Pressure reduc ing v alv e

iii.

Variable pressure reduc…

Counterbalance valve Function: Counterbalance valves are used in hydraulic systems working with overriding (running-away) or suspended load.

iv.

Sequence valve Function: A sequence valve is somewhat similar to a relief valve except that, after the set pressure has been reached, the sequence valve diverts the fluid to a second actuator or motor to do work in another part of the system.

Reference 1. 2. 3. 4.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actuator https://dta.eu/hydraulics/hydraulic-valves/flow-controls/throttle-valve/ Festo Hydraulic Software. https://www.gohydraulic.com/3605_u-bv-96-pressure-reducing-valve-forconcrete-mixer.aspx 5. https://www.hydraulicspneumatics.com/technologies/reservoirsaccessories/article/21882642/fundamentals-of-hydraulic-reservoirs

FACULTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING UiTM JOHOR KAMPUS PASIR GUDANG

PRACITCAL WORK SHEET

INTRODUCTION TO PNEUMATICS COMPONENTS (INDIVIDUAL) PROGRAM COURSE CODE

: DIPLOMA IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING : FLUID POWER TECHNOLOGY : MEM341

NAME

:

CLASS

: J4EM1105B

DATE OF SUBMISSION

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

STUDENT ID :

: 07/05/2020

CRITERIA Timeliness and Attendance Components of The Report Question/Purpose/Objective Body: Result and Discussion Procedures Summary Reference List Figures, Diagrams, Tables and Graphs Appearance/Organization

SCORE ( 1 – 4 )

TOTAL

I 36

OBJECTIVES: 1. To specify the basic components in pneumatics systems. 2. To describe the function(s) of each component. 3. To identify the standard graphical symbols used for each components.

APPARATUS: Basic hydraulic components trainer set, Festo Pneumatic software and Automation Studio Software.

PROCEDURE: 1. Find out and identify the relevant components by help of the hydraulic trainer sets, Festo Pneumatic software and Automation Studio software. 2. You must identify the following components:  Source of power/ air service  Service unit (Filter, Regulator and Lubricator – FRL)  Compressor  Electric motor  Actuator  Double acting cylinder  Single acting cylinder  Air motor  Directional control valve  2/2 way valve  3/2 way valve  4/2 way valve  4/3 way valve  5/2 way valve  Different method of valve actuation methods  Flow control valve  Throttle valve  Check valve  Pressure control valve – give three (3) types of pressure control valve. (NOTE: You can add others pneumatic components that you have identified) 3. Familiarize with the components and identify its standard graphical symbol. 4. Understand the function(s) of each of the component you have identified. 5. Write a report on your finding. 6. For each component that you list out, it must be accompany by the component name, picture if applicable, standard graphical symbol, function(s).

PNEUMATICS COMPONENTS

Source of power/ air service Function: The main function of the service unit is to provide the pneumatic system with a well cleaned, lubricated and regulated compressed air.

Air serv ice unit

Air serv ice unit , simpl…

Service unit (Filter, Regulator and Lubricator – FRL)

FRL Unit

Function(Filter): A pneumatic filter is a device which removes contaminants from a compressed air stream.

Air f ilt er

Function(Lubricator): A pneumatic lubricator injects an aerosolized stream of oil into an airline to provide lubrication to the internal working parts of pneumatic tools, and to other devices such as actuating cylinders, valves and motors.

Lubricator

Function(Regulator): Air regulators reduce supply pressure to the level required for efficient operation of downstream pneumatic equipment.

Compressor Function: An air compressor is a device that converts power (using an electric motor, diesel or gasoline engine, etc.) into potential energy stored in pressurized air (i.e., compressed air).

Compress ed air supply

Compress or

Electric motor Function: Pneumatic motors generally convert the compressed air energy to mechanical work through either linear or rotary motion.

Actuator i. Double acting cylinder Function: Double-acting cylinders (DAC) use the force of air to move in both extend and retract strokes. They have two ports to allow air in, one for outstroke and one for instroke.

Double act ing cy linder

ii.

Single acting cylinder Function: A single acting cylinder works with compressed air to actuate the piston in one direction and spring force to return to the base position. Work can be performed in the air driven direction.

Single acting cy linder

iii.

Air motor Function: Pneumatic motors generally convert the compressed air energy to mechanical work through either linear or rotary motion.

Air motor

Directional control valve i. 2/2 way valve Function: 2/2-way valves can be mono-stable or bi-stable. Bi-stable 2/2-way valves usually have one solenoid and are pulse operated to switch state. These valves are also referred to as 'latching'.

2/n Way Valv e

ii.

3/2 way valve Function: The normally-closed 2-position and 3-way pneumatic solenoid valve means that the gas circuit is off when the coil is not powered on (the inlet and the outlet are shut off).

3/2-way v alv e with push…

iii.

4/2 way valve Function: The 4-way function is a common type of directional control valve for both air and hydraulic circuits.

4/n Way Valv e

iv.

4/3 way valve Function: A 3-position, 4-way valve stops an actuator or allows it to float. The 4-way function is a common type of directional control valve for both air and hydraulic circuits.

4

2

1

3

v.

5/2 way valve Function: 5/2-way valves are used to actuate double acting pneumatic actuators, such as cylinders, rodless cylinders, grippers and rotary actuators. Double acting actuators require compressed air to move in both directions.

5/2-way v alv e, with s el…

vi.

Different method of valve actuation methods

Flow control valve i. Throttle valve Function: Pneumatic throttle valve is used for controlling the operation speed of a driving device and the movement of machines such as cylinder, pneumatic finger, etc.

Throttle v alv e

ii.

Check valve Function: A pneumatic check valve, or air check valve, allows the flow of air in and prevents it from going out.

Check v alv e with pilot …

Check v alv e

Pressure control valve – 3 types of pressure control valve. i.

Pressure reducing valve Function: A pressure-reducing valve is normally an open, 2-way valve that allows system pressure fluid to flow through it until a set pressure is reached downstream.

ii.

Pressure control valve Function: Pressure-control valves are found in virtually every hydraulic system, and they assist in a variety of functions, from keeping system pressures safely below a desired upper limit to maintaining a set pressure in part of a circuit.

Pressure c ontrol v alv e …

iii.

Closing pressure compensator Function: The pressure compensator maintains a constant internal pressure drop across the variable orifice by automatically adjusting volume flow rate delivered to the variable orifice from the flow supply in response to changing pressure drop between the inlet and outlet of the valve.

Closing pres sure compen…

Reference 1. Festo Pneumatic Software 2. https://insights.globalspec.com/article/12786/how-does-a-pressurecompensated-flow-control-valve-work 3. https://www.hydraulicspneumatics.com/technologies/othertechnologies/article/21883442/chapter-13-flow-controls-and-flow-dividers 4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=23BsPV71fjs...