Lab Manual- Level 2 JAR TEST OCT2020 ODL PDF

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FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAMUNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARAPULAU PINANG LABORATORY MANUAL©FKA, UiTM, PULAU PINANG OCT 2020_ODLCOURSE ENVIRONMENTAL LABORATORYCOURSE CODE CEW 545LEVEL OF OPENNESS 2CATEGORY PARTIALLY OPENDEGREE OF OPEN-ENDED (%) 66%PERIOD OF ACTIVITY 2 WEEKTITLE Jar TestPREAMBLEIntroduction Sus...

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FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA PULAU PINANG

LABORATORY MANUAL

COURSE

ENVIRONMENTAL LABORATORY

COURSE CODE

CEW545

LEVEL OF OPENNESS

2

CATEGORY

PARTIALLY OPEN

DEGREE OF OPEN-ENDED (%)

66%

PERIOD OF ACTIVITY

2 WEEK

TITLE

Jar Test

Introduction Suspended solids (particularly colloids) are often removed from water by chemical coagulation and flocculation. Colloidal particles carry a small electrostatic charge that keeps them in suspension. Coagulation is the addition of chemicals to neutralize the effect of colloidal charges and allow aggregation of particles. Following coagulation, the suspension is stirred gently to promote particle collision and agglomeration in a process termed flocculation. Objectives At the end of the laboratory activities, students would be able to: 1. To determine the optimum alum dose and pH for suspended solids removal from water using Jar Test. Learning Outcomes PREAMBLE

At the end of the laboratory activities, students would be able to: 1. To identify and perform the appropriate experiment to execute Jar Test based on given problem. 2. To analyze and interpret the data and identify the optimum dosage of alum and the optimum pH to eliminates solids in water sample. Theoretical Background Solids in water will cause high turbidity in water. Thus, to remove solids, the use of coagulant is by-far the cheapest and safest method. Nevertheless, optimum dose of coagulant (alum) and pH would affect the removal of solids in water.

PROBLEM STATEMENT

Treatment of water in the water treatment plant will cost high if the amount of alum is highly used. Therefore, it is important to determine the optimum dosage of alum and the optimum pH for the optimum coagulation and flocculation process. Each group need to prepare samples of water according to the procedure and determine the optimum pH and dosage for the coagulation and flocculation process.

©FKA, UiTM, PULAU PINANG

OCT 2020_ODL

FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA PULAU PINANG WAYS & MEANS

RESULTS

LABORATORY MANUAL

Students are required to identify and summarize the methods/procedure used to conduct the jar test experiment and determine the optimum alum dose and pH for suspended solids removal from water sample. (Submit your list of apparatus & sketched procedure before proceed with the experiment. Each group is required to submit a technical report consists of introduction, the apparatus used, the procedure undertaken for the test, data analysis, detail discussion on the obtained result with relevant standard and conclusion. Based on the given data, plot graph turbidity vs. pH and turbidity vs. alum dose. Get the optimum pH and alum dose. Discussion on the delegation of work among the group members should be recorded and attached in the report. (e.g. minute of meeting/screenshot of your team discussion in WhatsApp group). References and standards should also be attached together with the report. The report must be submitted within 7 days after the completion of the experiment.

DATA FOR OPTIMUM PH (DOSE CONSTANT)  50 ml of stock alum solution.

DATA

Sample/Beaker Initial Turbidity (NTU) pH Final Turbidity (NTU)

A 65.31 4 32.11

B 62.73 5 27.43

C 62.11 6 12.04

D 61.91 7 6.55

E 63.21 8 42.66

F 64.45 9 50.88

D 78.92 60 8.55

E 76.77 80 28.66

F 77.35 100 30.88

DATA FOR OPTIMUM DOSE (PH CONSTANT)  fixed pH values at 6.5 for each sample/beaker Sample/Beaker Initial Turbidity (NTU) Alum Dosage (mg/L) Final Turbidity (NTU)

©FKA, UiTM, PULAU PINANG

A 78.02 0 42.11

B 78.45 20 37.43

C 77.32 40 15.04

OCT 2020_ODL...