Traffic Volume Study Lab Report (Level 2) PDF

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HIGHWAY & TRAFFIC LABORATORY ECG564 OPEN-ENDED LAB FEB 2020 – JUN 2020 TITLE OF EXPERIMENT

: TRAFFIC VOLUME STUDY

DATE OF EXPERIMENT

: 15 APRIL 2020

GROUP

: EC2206 C4A

GROUP MEMBERS

1. AINATUL-FATIMA BINTI MD MUROZI (2018438002) 2. FATIN ARIFA BINTI MANSOR (2018264884) 3. NABILAH BINTI MD ZIN (2018694072) 4. NURFAIZA ADRINA BINTI AHMAD KHIR (2018693872) 5. SITI AISYAH BINTI ABD MALIK (2018402684)

LECTURER

: DR WARDATI BINTI HASHIM

LEVEL OF OPENESS

:2

MARKS

COMMENTS

INTRODUCTION BASIC CONCEPTS METHODOLOGY

1

2

3

4

5

RESULTS&ANALYSIS

1

2

3

4

5

DISCUSSION

1

2

3

4

5

CONCLUSION

1

2

3

4

5

TOTAL MARKS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 PREAMBLE ....................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Introduction..................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Objective .......................................................................................................................... 1 1.3 Learning Outcomes ........................................................................................................ 1 1.4 Theoretical Background ................................................................................................. 1 2.0 PROBLEM STATEMENT ............................................................................................... 2 3.0 WAYS AND MEANS ......................................................................................................... 2 3.1 Apparatus ........................................................................................................................ 2 3.2 Procedures ....................................................................................................................... 2 4.0 RESULTS .........................................................................................................................3-5 4.1 Data Analysis ................................................................................................................6-9

5.0 DISCUSSION ..............................................................................................................10-11 6.0 CONCLUSION ................................................................................................................ 12 REFERENCE ......................................................................................................................... 13 APPENDIX ............................................................................................................................. 13

TITLE: TRAFFIC VOLUME STUDY 1.0 PREAMBLE 1.1 Introduction Transportation system is a dynamic system. Information about traffic must be regularly updated to keep pace with ever changing transportation system. Traffic volume survey is important to determine the current condition and to predict the future condition of traffic volume. The term traffic volume study can be termed as traffic flow survey. It is defined as the procedure to determine mainly volume of traffic moving on the roads at a particular section during a particular time. In this study, the students are required to collect and analyze the data systematically. The data can be used for various traffic engineering purposes such as traffic monitoring, traffic forecasting, and others.

1.2 Objectives The objectives of the test are; 1.

To determine the vehicles composition in the traffic flow stream.

2.

To observe the traffic flow trend and movement pattern.

1.3 Learning Outcomes At the end of the laboratory activities, students would be able to: 1.

Describe the vehicle composition in the traffic flow stream.

2.

Identify the traffic flow trend and movement pattern.

3.

Analyze the result using statistical and graphical method

1.4 Theoretical Background Traffic volume studies are conducted to determine the number, movements, and classifications of roadway vehicles at a given location. These data can help identify critical flow time periods, determine the influence of large vehicles or pedestrians on vehicular traffic flow, or document traffic volume trends. The traffic engineer must acquire general knowledge of traffic volume characteristics in order to measure and understand the magnitude, composition and time and route distribution of volume for each area under his jurisdiction. The various volume counts taken over different lengths of time is usually expressed in vehicles per hour (VPH). Traffic engineers focus on the peak-hour traffic volume in evaluating capacity and other parameters because it represents the most critical time period.

1

2.0 PROBLEM STATEMENT Data on the traffic volume is essential in describing the hourly, daily or yearly number of vehicles, as well as the vehicles composition. Capacity analysis for straight road section or intersection also rely on the traffic volume information, hence the traffic volume study is needed to be done.

3.0 WAYS AND MEANS 3.1 Materials In this laboratory activity, the students are provided with the traffic volume video observation recording by the lecturer. The link of the video was sent through whatsapp. Link given: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1pXse9Wo1sDk2ZyiJByaCINKaLkr3oQAO

3.2 Procedures i.

The students were provided with a video recording of traffic volume study at certain location and time.

ii.

There are several number of video recordings with different time of observation in the link given.

iii.

Each group was assigned with a random video recording.

iv.

A two-way T junction in the recording was observed for suitable traffic capacity.

v.

The layout of the intersection was sketched.

vi.

The totals of 6 different directions were labelled as D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, and D6.

vii.

These routes were then assigned to each team members to count the frequency of vehicles using it.

viii. ix. x.

Start time and predicted end time for the study was recorded. The duration of the observation was 30 minutes. The total of vehicles was observed and recorded with their respective types by using tickmark method. Then the data was recorded specifically in the interval of 5 minutes.

xi.

After the 30 minutes period, the details of the study and data from the tick-mark was transferred for proper documentation.

2

4.0 RESULTS Table 1.0: Number of vehicles travel at direction 1 DIRECTION 1, (D1) Time (min)

Private car & taxi

Medium good vehicle & lorries 0

Heavy good vehicle & lorries 0

Buses

Motorcycle

Total vehicles

24

Small good vehicle & van 12

8:35 a.m

0

10

46

8:40 a.m

28

2

0

0

0

10

40

8:45 a.m

32

5

0

0

0

10

47

8:50 a.m

24

12

0

0

0

12

48

8:55 a.m

28

8

0

0

0

14

50

9:00 a.m

22

7

0

0

0

7

36

TOTAL

158

46

0

0

0

63

267

Table 2.0: Number of vehicles travel at direction 2 DIRECTION 2, (D2) Time (min)

Private car & taxi

8:35 a.m

Medium good vehicle & lorries 0

Heavy good vehicle & lorries 0

Buses

Motorcycle

Total vehicles

19

Small good vehicle & van 6

0

9

34

8:40 a.m

11

0

0

0

0

7

18

8:45 a.m

8

1

0

0

0

8

17

8:50 a.m

15

1

0

0

0

6

22

8:55 a.m

7

3

0

0

0

4

14

9:00 a.m

8

1

0

0

0

9

18

TOTAL

68

12

0

0

0

43

123

3

Table 3.0: Number of vehicles travel at direction 3 DIRECTION 3, (D3) Medium Heavy good good vehicle & vehicle & lorries lorries 1 1

Time (min)

Private car & taxi

8:35 a.m

20

Small good vehicle & van 5

Buses

Motorcycle

Total vehicles

0

6

33

8:40 a.m

21

8

0

0

0

9

38

8:45 a.m

20

7

0

0

0

13

40

8:50 a.m

15

7

1

0

0

9

32

8:55 a.m

19

7

0

0

0

3

29

9:00 a.m

25

4

0

0

0

4

33

TOTAL

120

38

2

1

0

44

205

Table 4.0: Number of vehicles travel at direction 4 DIRECTION 4, (D4) Time (min)

Private car & taxi

Medium good vehicle & lorries 0

Heavy good vehicle & lorries 0

Buses

Motorcycle

Total vehicles

5

Small good vehicle & van 1

8:35 a.m

0

4

10

8:40 a.m

3

2

0

0

0

4

9

8:45 a.m

9

1

0

0

0

6

16

8:50 a.m

11

2

0

0

0

2

15

8:55 a.m

6

1

0

0

0

3

10

9:00 a.m

5

0

0

0

0

5

10

TOTAL

39

7

0

0

0

24

70

4

Table 5.0: Number of vehicles travel at direction 5 DIRECTION 5, (D5) Time (min)

Private car & taxi

Small good vehicle & van

Medium good vehicle & lorries

Heavy good vehicle & lorries

Buses

Motorcycle

Total vehicles

8:35 a.m

18

7

0

0

0

7

32

8:40 a.m

17

5

0

0

0

9

31

8:45 a.m

21

8

0

0

0

6

35

8:50 a.m

17

3

0

0

0

6

26

8:55 a.m

14

1

0

0

0

3

18

9:00 a.m

12

3

0

0

0

2

17

TOTAL

99

27

0

0

0

33

159

Buses

Motorcycle

Total vehicles

0

6

12

Table 6.0: Number of vehicles travel at direction 6 DIRECTION 6, (D6) Medium Heavy good good vehicle & vehicle & lorries lorries 0 0

Time (min)

Private car & taxi

8:35 a.m

5

Small good vehicle & van 1

8:40 a.m

4

1

0

0

0

6

11

8:45 a.m

4

0

0

0

0

9

13

8:50 a.m

2

1

0

0

0

5

8

8:55 a.m

7

1

0

0

0

5

13

9:00 a.m

2

2

0

0

0

3

7

TOTAL

24

6

0

0

0

34

64

5

4.1 DATA ANALYSIS Table 7.0: Conversion Factors to PCU

(Source: The Road Engineering Association of Malaysia, Arahan Teknik (Jalan) 8/86 A Guide on Geometric Design of Roads)

Table 8.0: Total vehicles by direction and types of vehicles

DIRECTION 1

2

3

4

5

6

TOTAL VEHICLE

TYPE OF VEHICLE Private car & taxi

158

68

120

39

99

24

508

Small good vehicle & van

46

12

38

7

27

6

136

Medium good vehicle & lorries

0

0

2

0

0

0

2

Heavy good vehicle & lorries

0

0

1

0

0

0

1

Buses

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Motorcycle

63

43

44

24

33

34

241

TOTAL

267

123

205

70

159

64

888

6

Table 9.0: Total vehicles by direction and time. Time

Total

Vehicles

(min)

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D6

5

46

34

33

10

32

12

167

10

40

18

38

9

31

11

147

15

47

17

40

16

35

13

168

20

48

22

32

15

26

8

151

25

50

14

29

10

18

13

134

30

36

18

33

10

17

7

121

Total

267

123

205

70

159

64

888

Table 10.0: Table of analysis traffic volumes based on types of vehicles. Type of vehicle

Percentage

PCU

Number

Number of

Traffic

Traffic

(%)

value

of

vehicles

volume

volume

Urban

vehicles

(veh/hr)

(pcu)

(pcu/ hr)

roads Private car & taxi

57.21

1.0

508

1016

508

1016

15.32

2.0

136

272

272

544

0.23

2.50

2

4

5

10

0.11

3.0

1

2

3

6

Buses

0

3.0

0

0

0

0

Motorcycle

27.14

0.75

241

482

180.75

361.50

TOTAL

100

888

1,776

968.75

1,937.50

Small good vehicle & van Medium good vehicle & lorries Heavy good vehicle & lorries

Sample calculation; Since 30 minutes equals to 0.5 hours, Traffic volume = Number of vehicle x PCU = 508 x 1.0 = 508 pcu Hourly estimated volume = 1776 veh/hr Total traffic volume per hour = 1937.50 pcu/hr 7

Traffic Composition

Motorcycle 27% Buses Heavy good 0% vehicle & lorries 0% Medium good vehicle & lorries 0%

Private car & taxi 57%

Small good vehicle & van 16%

Graph 1.0: Pie chart of traffic composition.

Total vehicles vs Time (min) 60

Total Vehicles

50 40 30

20 10 0 5

10

15

20

25

30

Time (min) direction 1

direction 2

direction 3

direction 4

direction 5

direction 6

Graph 2.0: Line graph of total vehicles vs time (min) by direction.

8

Total vehicles vs Time (min) 180

168

167 147

151 134

Total vehicles

150

121

120 90 60 30 0 5

10

15 20 Time (min)

25

30

Graph 3: Total vehicles vs time(min)

9

5.0 DISCUSSION Traffic volume study has been conducted in the selected study area in order to measure the traffic data where it is used to obtain the volume of traffic moving on the roads passing a given point on a lane or carriageway during a specified period. The selected study area has been given by the lecturer where it is a video recording of a T-junction and the data was counted every 5 minutes interval from 8:30 am to 9:00 am. Traffic volume or also known as traffic counts can be obtained by using several methods such as a manual method using hand tally counter and automatic method using pneumatic counters. But the traffic counts in this study have been conducted using the tick-mark instead of hand tally counter and pneumatic counters. The data obtained during this study on the traffic volume is needed in order to obtain the hourly...