Leccíon 2 - Estructura 2.1 - Tutorial Notes on Present Tense of -ar verbs in Spanish PDF

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Leccíon 2 - Estructura 2.1 - Tutorial Notes on Present Tense of -ar verbs in Spanish...

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Lección 2 – Estructura 2.3 Interactive Tutorial: Present tense of -ar verbs -

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The base form of any verb is the infinitive in English the word “to” comes before the infinitive in Spanish infinitives are one word o Grouping/Examples:  ar – estudiar (to study)  er – comer (to eat)  ir – escribir (to write) o Looking at the singular forms of estudiar we get:  Yo – estudios (I study)  Tú – estudias (you study (fam.))  Usted – estudia (you study (form.))  Él – estudia (he studies)  Ella – estudia (she studies) o Plural forms of estudiar:  Nosotr@s – estudiamos (we study)  Vosot@s – estudiáis (you study (fam.))  Ustedes – estudian (you study)  Ellos – estudian (they study)  Ellas – estudian (they study) To create the forms of most regular verbs in Spanish drop the infinitive ending, like in estudiar you would need to drop the -ar and then add the -ar verb at the end, such as: o O (yo) o As (tú) o A (usted/él/ella) o Amos (nosotr@s) o Áis (vosotr@s) o An (ustedes/ellos/ellas)  Some common -ar verbs are:  Caminar (to walk)  Cantar (to sing)  Cenar (to have dinner)  Desear (to desire; to wish)  Dibujar (to draw)  Enseñar (to teach)  Explicar (to explain)  Llegar (to arrive)  Llevar (to carry)

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 Necesitar (to need)  Practicar (to practice)  Preparar (to prepare)  Regresar (to return)  Viajar (to travel) o These verbs are not followed by a preposition as their English equivalents can be:  Buscar (to look for)  Escuchar (to listen (to))  Esperar (to wait (for); to hope)  Mirar (to look (at); to watch) In Spanish the present tense can be used to express the English simple present, the present progressive, or the emphatic present. In Spanish and English, the present tense is also sometimes used to talk about the future. When two verbs are used together with no change of subject the second verb is usually the infinitive. o Example:  Deseo hablar con el señor Díaz (I want to speak with Mr. Díaz) To make a sentence negative add -no before the conjugated verb o Example:  Alicia no desea bailar ahora (Alicia doesn’t want to dance now) Subject pronouns are used for emphasis, clarification, or contrast o Examples:  ¿Qué enseñan? (What do they teach?)  Ella enseña arte y él enseña física (She teaches art, and he teaches physics)  ¿Quién desea trabajar hoy? (who wants to work today?)  Yo no deseo trabajar hoy (I don’t want to work today) An -ar verb that you can use to talk about your likes and dislikes is gustar. This verb does not behave like other -ar verbs o Me gusta + el/la + singular noun o Me gustan + los/las + plural noun  Examples:  Me gusta la música clásica (I like classical music) o Me gustan las clases de español y biología (I like Spanish and biology classes) o Add the word -no before -me to make the statement negative and for emphasis you can add -a mi but never use the subject pronoun -yo with gustar o To talk about what you like and don’t like to do you can can use:  (no) me gusta + infinitives

o To ask someone about their likes and dislike use -te instead of -me and you can add -a ti for emphasis but never the subject pronoun -tú...