Lecture 1 Anatomy of thorax and abdomen PDF

Preview

Summary

Download Lecture 1 Anatomy of thorax and abdomen PDF

Description

Lecture 1 –Identify all bones of the thorax It contains 12 pair of ribs and costal cartilages 12 thoracic vertebrae and IVD Sternum : it is flat breast bone elongated bone that has three parts Manubrium, Body of sternum and Xiphoid process.  Manubrium: is first bone of sternum that is trapezoid shape and the thickest and widest part of the sternum. It has three notches; jugular notch (suprasternal notch) and clavicular notch which articulate with clavicle bones. Also, it has the first rib which is called Synchondrosis. The sternal angle is Manubriosternal joint and second rib articulate with it.  Sternum: is a long, narrow and thin bone it covers from T5 – T9 vertebrae. Sternabrae has young, 1 cartilaginous joints and Transverse lines in adults and costal notches  Xiphoid process: Is the smallest and variable bone it is on T10 level and it is located inferior end of the sternum. The Xiphoid process ossifies in adults and it is important landmark for infrasternal angle and superior limits of the liver. Ribs : are 12 pairs of them long curved shaped bone and they are classified into 3 different types ; True ribs 1-7 , False ribs 8-10 medical and lateral lig Lumber part that is right and left crura

Innervation Motor Sensory supply supply, phrenic right and left nn, lower phrenic intercostal nerves nn C3,4,5 Subcostal n

– Identify the intrinsic muscles of the back It’s divided to two layers Superficial layer which is splenius capitus crvicis Intermediate later erctor spinae - Iliocostalis - Longissimus - Spinalis Deep layer -

-

Transversospinales Semispinalis Multifidus Rotatores Interspinales Intertransversarii

Action

-

Levator costarum

– Describe the landmarks of the sternum Sternum – Jugular notch • Inferior body of T2 vertebra • 1st & 2nd thoracic spinous processes • Manubrium – Bodies of T3 and T4 verterbrae – Sternal angle • T4-T5 IVD • 2nd costal cartilage • Body of sternum – T5-T9 • Xiphisternal joint – Inferior border of T9 vertebr

– Identify the imaginary lines that facilitate anatomical and clinical descriptions

Anterior median line – Midsternal line – Intersection of median plane with anterior thoracic wall • Midclavicular line – Passes through midpoint of clavicle...