MCQChapter 12-Emotion PDF

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1

The basic components of emotion are x sympathetic arousal, parasympathetic inhibition, and cognitive labeling. Incorrect x physical gestures, facial expressions, and psychological drives. Incorrect x (True Answer )Correct x cognition, affect, and behavior. Incorrect

2

Who suggested that “ because we tremble”? x Stanley Schachter Incorrect x s (True Answer )Correct x Walter Cannon Incorrect x Richard Lazarus Incorrect

3

The

of emotion states that

x of our physiological responses to an emotion-arousing event. (True Answer )Correct x the expression of emotion reduces our level of physiological arousal. Incorrect x an emotion-arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers both physiological arousal and the subjective experience of emotion. Incorrect x to experience emotion we must be physically aroused and able to cognitively label the emotion. Incorrect 4

Cassandra's mother told her, “You know you are in love when your heart beats fast and you experience that unique trembling feeling inside.” This remark best illustrates the ________ theory of emotion. x Cannon-Bard Incorrect x two-factor Incorrect x catharsis Incorrect x (True Answer )Correct

5

The idea that an emotion-arousing stimulus is simultaneously routed to the cortex and to the sympathetic nervous system is central to the

x James-Lange theory. Incorrect x relative deprivation principle. Incorrect x two-factor theory. Incorrect x . (True Answer )Correct 6

According to the Cannon-Bard theory, the body's arousal is related to the sympathetic nervous system in the same way that subjective awareness of emotion is related to the x . (True Answer )Correct x hypothalamus. Incorrect x thalamus. Incorrect x parasympathetic nervous system. Incorrect

7

According to the theory, we experience emotion ________ we notice our physiological arousal. According to the theory we experience emotion ________ we become physiologically aroused. x before; before Incorrect x be x after; at the same time as (True Answer )Correct x at the same time as; after Incorrect

8

According to the ________, you would be able to experience emotion even without sympathetic nervous system arousal. x (True Answer )Correct x James-Lange theory Incorrect x two-factor theory Incorrect x catharsis hypothesis Incorrect

9

Tranquilizing drugs that inhibit sympathetic nervous system activity often reduce people's subjective experience of intense anxiety. Which theory of emotion would have the greatest difficulty explaining this effect? x James-Lange Incorrect x (True Answer )Correct x two-factor Incorrect x Schachter-Singer Incorrect

10

Research has shown that neck-level spinal cord injuries reduce the intensity of certain emotional experiences. This finding supports the x Cannon-Bard theory. Incorrect

x adaptation-level principle. Incorrect x James-Lange theory. (True Answer )Correct x catharsis hypothesis. Incorrect 11

The two-factor theory of emotion was proposed by x x x x

12

The two-factor theory of emotion places more emphasis on the importance of ________ than does the James-Lange theory. x x x x

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Walter Cannon and Philip Bard. Incorrect Robert Zajonc and Richard Lazarus. Incorrect William James and Carl Lange. Incorrect Stanley Schachter and Jerome Singer. (True Answer )Correct

cognitive activity (True Answer )Correct subjective well-being Incorrect physiological arousal Incorrect catharsis Incorrect

According to the two-factor theory, the two basic components of emotions are ________ and ________. x x x x

facial expressions; a cognitive label Incorrect emotion-arousing events; physical arousal Incorrect physical arousal; overt behavior Incorrect a cognitive label; physical arousal (True Answer )Correct

14

Noticing that his heart was pounding and that his palms were sweaty while he was taking a difficult test, Harley concluded that he was “anxious.” Noticing that his heart was pounding and that his palms were sweaty when an attractive lady asked him to dance, Harley concluded that he was “falling in love.” The differing emotions experienced by Harley can best be explained by the x relative deprivation principle. Incorrect x James-Lange theory. Incorrect x two-factor theory. (True Answer )Correct x catharsis hypothesis. Incorrect

15

A therapist tells a patient who is afraid of elevators that his rapid breathing while on an elevator is not due to fear but is a natural consequence of too little oxygen in a small, enclosed space. With this new interpretation of his arousal, the patient no longer dreads elevators. The reduction in the patient's fear is

best understood in terms of the x x x x 16

adaptation-level phenomenon. Incorrect two-factor theory. (True Answer )Correct James-Lange theory. Incorrect catharsis hypothesis. Incorrect

The two-factor theory of emotion would have difficulty explaining why a x person comes to fear snakes after he sees someone else bitten by one. Incorrect x person's fear of snakes is reduced after she receives a calming tranquilizer. Incorrect x person automatically fears snakes even though he thinks they are attractive and harmless. (True Answer )Correct x person's fear of snakes is reduced after she learns that most snakes are harmless. Incorrect

17

In one experiment, college men were injected with epinephrine before spending time with either a joyful or an irritated person. The results of this experiment support the idea that x some emotions can be experienced apart from cognition. Incorrect x there are subtle but distinct physiological differences among the emotions. Incorrect x our experience of emotion depends on how we interpret the body's arousal. (True Answer )Correct x happiness is largely a function of experience. Incorrect

18

In an experiment to test the spillover effect, college men were injected with epinephrine prior to spending time with an experimenter's accomplice who acted either euphoric or irritated. Which individuals in this experiment were LEAST likely to experience the emotion demonstrated by the experimenter's accomplice? x those who were led to think the injection would produce no physiological arousal Incorrect x those who were promised a large sum of money for participating in the experiment Incorrect x those who were told that the injection would cause them to become physiologically aroused (True Answer )Correct x those who were asked to run in place after receiving the injection Incorrect

19

The lingering arousal associated with one emotional state can intensify a completely different state of emotion. This is called x x x x

the spillover effect. (True Answer )Correct the adaptation-level phenomenon. Incorrect catharsis. Incorrect the general adaptation syndrome. Incorrect

20

Lee was momentarily terrified as a passing automobile nearly sideswiped his car. When one of his passengers joked that he almost had a two-color car, Lee laughed uncontrollably. Lee's emotional volatility best illustrates the x adaptation-level phenomenon. Incorrect x relative deprivation principle. Incorrect x catharsis hypothesis. Incorrect x spillover effect. (True Answer )Correct

21

The spillover effect is best explained in terms of the x x x x

relative deprivation principle. Incorrect catharsis hypothesis. Incorrect adaptation-level phenomenon. Incorrect two-factor theory. (True Answer )Correct

22

After being physically aroused by his daily three-mile run, Martin finds that he experiences stronger resentment if his wife asks for an unexpected favor and more intense romantic feelings if she kisses him. Martin's experience can best be explained by the x two-factor theory. (True Answer )Correct x James-Lange theory. Incorrect x Cannon-Bard theory. Incorrect x adaptation-level phenomenon. Incorrect

23

Evidence that people can develop an emotional preference for stimuli to which they have been unknowingly exposed has convinced Robert Zajonc that x our thoughts are not influenced by our emotional states. Incorrect x our normal feelings of love and anger are typically irrational. Incorrect x the two-factor theory of emotion is essentially correct. Incorrect x sometimes emotion precedes cognition. (True Answer )Correct

24

Our most rapid and automatic emotional responses may result from the routing of sensory input through the thalamus directly to the x hippocampus. Incorrect x hypothalamus. Incorrect x cerebellum. Incorrect x amygdala. (True Answer )Correct

25

Unlike the low-road brain pathway, the high road for emotional responses extends through the x x x x

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Rapid fear reactions to sensory input in the absence of conscious thought are possible because certain neural pathways bypass the x x x x

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thalamus. Incorrect cortex. (True Answer )Correct hypothalamus. Incorrect cerebellum. Incorrect

hypothalamus. Incorrect amygdala. Incorrect thalamus. Incorrect prefrontal cortex. (True Answer )Correct

In their dispute over the role of cognition in emotion, both Zajonc and Lazarus agree that x cognitive reactions always precede emotional reactions. Incorrect x emotional reactions always precede cognitive reactions. Incorrect x some emotional reactions involve no conscious thinking. (True Answer )Correct x cognitive reactions and emotional reactions always occur simultaneously. Incorrect

28

The autonomic nervous system regulates the ________ that accompanies different emotions. x x x x

conscious experiences Incorrect expressive behaviors Incorrect physiological arousal (True Answer )Correct subjective well-being Incorrect

29

When confronted by an armed robber, your emotional arousal is likely to be accompanied by x x x x

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decreases in blood sugar levels. Incorrect slowing of digestion. (True Answer )Correct increases in salivation. Incorrect decreases in respiration rate. Incorrect

A hormone that increases heart rate, blood pressure, and blood sugar levels in times of emergency is x x x x

acetylcholine. Incorrect epinephrine. (True Answer )Correct testosterone. Incorrect insulin. Incorrect

31

As her professor distributed the mathematics test to the class, Blair's heart started to pound and her palms began to sweat. These physiological reactions were activated by her ________ nervous system. x sympathetic (True Answer )Correct x central Incorrect x somatic Incorrect x parasympathetic Incorrect

32

Activation of the sympathetic nervous system x increases respiration and increases salivation. Incorrect x increases respiration and decreases salivation. (True Answer )Correct x decreases respiration and decreases salivation. Incorrect x decreases respiration and increases salivation. Incorrect

33

Which division of the nervous system calms the body after an emergency has passed? x x x x

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somatic Incorrect central Incorrect sympathetic Incorrect parasympathetic (True Answer )Correct

When her son fails to arrive home as expected, Elena fears he has been in an accident. Both her heart and respiration rate remain elevated until she sees him come safely through the door.

Her body soon returns to normal due to the action of her ________ nervous system. x x x x 35

The parasympathetic nervous system is to the sympathetic nervous system as ________ is to ________. x x x x

36

parasympathetic (True Answer )Correct sympathetic Incorrect central Incorrect somatic Incorrect

raising of blood sugar; lowering of blood sugar Incorrect inhibition of digestion; activation of digestion Incorrect contraction of pupils; dilation of pupils (True Answer )Correct increasing blood pressure; decreasing blood pressure Incorrect

Test performance is typically ________ when physiological arousal is ________. x x x x

best; moderate (True Answer )Correct worst; moderate Incorrect best; very low Incorrect best; very high Incorrect

37

Thaddeus will play a violin solo at his school tomorrow. His musical performance is likely to be ________ if his physiological arousal during the performance is ________. x best; very low Incorrect x worst; moderate Incorrect x best; very high Incorrect x best; moderate (True Answer )Correct

38

The level of physiological arousal typically associated with peak performance tends to be x x x x

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lower on tasks that are well-learned. Incorrect higher on tasks that are difficult. Incorrect lower on tasks that are easy. Incorrect lower on tasks that are difficult. (True Answer )Correct

Without any conscious effort, your ________ prepares you to fight or flee from dangerous situations. x relative deprivation Incorrect x adaptation level Incorrect

x autonomic nervous system (True Answer )Correct x emotion-focused coping Incorrect 40

A deep neural center activated when people smell some disgusting food or when they feel moral disgust in response to a perceived injustice is called the x anterior cingulate cortex. Incorrect x insula. (True Answer )Correct x hypothalamus. Incorrect x telomere. Incorrect

41

A psychologist would have the greatest difficulty differentiating between anger and fear by monitoring the ________ associated with each. x x x x

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hormone secretions Incorrect finger temperatures Incorrect heart rates (True Answer )Correct brain activity Incorrect

Which of the following research findings would be consistent with the James-Lange theory of emotion? x Facial expressions of emotion inhibit the conscious experience of emotion. Incorrect x Distinctly different patterns of brain activity are associated with distinctly different emotions. (True Answer )Correct x People with spinal cord injuries experience a considerable increase in the intensity of their angry feelings. Incorrect x All of these statements are consistent with the James-Lange theory. Incorrect

43

The right prefrontal cortex is more active than the left prefrontal cortex when people experience x x x x

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pride. Incorrect joy. Incorrect disgust. (True Answer )Correct love. Incorrect

As people experience negative emotions x the right prefrontal cortex becomes more electrically active. (True Answer )Correct

x the right prefrontal cortex becomes less electrically active. Incorrect x the left prefrontal cortex becomes more electrically active. Incorrect x the left prefrontal cortex becomes less electrically active. Incorrect 45

Increased activity in the right prefrontal cortex is to ________ as increased activity in the left frontal lobe is to ________. x x x x

46

anger; fear Incorrect disgust; joy (True Answer )Correct love; hate Incorrect elation; depression Incorrect

For purposes of lie detection, investigators have most commonly made use of a(n) x x x x

electrocardiograph. Incorrect electroencephalograph. Incorrect myograph. Incorrect polygraph. (True Answer )Correct

47

Boyd, a suspect in a criminal investigation, has agreed to take a lie detector test. The machine used in this test is most likely to measure his x blood sugar levels. Incorrect x pupil dilation. Incorrect x hormone secretions. Incorrect x perspiration levels. (True Answer )Correct

48

Research on the accuracy of lie detector tests suggests that they x are more accurate for men than women. Incorrect x are accurate only 50 percent of the time, even when administered by experts. Incorrect x are more likely to declare the innocent guilty than to declare the guilty innocent. (True Answer )Correct x are more likely to declare the guilty innocent than to declare the innocent guilty. Incorrect

49

The guilty knowledge test is typically used to

x evaluate a criminal's mental health. Incorrect x assess a suspect's responses to details of a crime. (True Answer )Correct x screen potential employees for possible past misdeeds. Incorrect x determine the frequency with which an individual lies. Incorrect 50

A polygraph examination of a suspected murderer included an assessment of his reaction to a detailed description of the victim's clothing and death wounds—details that would be known only to a person at the scene of the crime. The investigators were using the x catharsis hypothesis. Incorrect x facial feedback effect. Incorrect x guilty knowledge test. (True Answer )Correct x adaptation-level phenomenon. Incorrect

51

Eyeblinks ________ during lie telling, and those who are lying use ________ first-person pronouns. x x x x

52

decrease; fewer Incorrect increase; more Incorrect decrease; more (True Answer )Correct increase; fewer Incorrect

Which of the following brain areas became especially active when a research participant lied about holding a five of clubs? x x x x

anterior cingulate cortex (True Answer )Correct hypothalamus Incorrect hippocampus Incorrect cerebellum Incorrect

53

Chiana and her husband both want to feel and express greater warmth and affection for each other. They would be advised to spend time looking intently at one another's x eyes. (True Answer )Correct x lips. Incorrect x hand gestures. Incorrect x body postures. Incorrect

54

People are especially good at quickly detecting facial expressions of x anger. (True Answer )Correct

x surprise. Incorrect x happiness. Incorrect x boredom. Incorrect 55

When shown a face with an evenly mixed expression of fear and anger, ________ children were much quicker than other children to see anger. x socially extraverted Incorrect x physically abused (True Answer )Correct x academically successful Incorrect x athletically skilled Incorrect

56

Research on the nonverbal expression of emotion indicates that x the body movements and gestures used to express emotions are the same throughout the world. Incorrect x it is difficult to use nonverbal cues to mislead others about one's true emotions. Incorrect x introverts are better than extraverts at recognizing nonverbal expressions of emotion in others. (True Answer )Correct x accurately identifying emotional facial expressions in people from different cultures requires personal experience with those cultures. Incorrect

57

People often overestimate the clarity of their intentions in their e-mails because they underestimate the importance of ________ in communication. x relative deprivation Incorrect x the spillover effect Incorrect x tones of voice (True Answer )Correct x the adaptation-level phenomenon Incorrect

58

In terms of ability to recognize others' facial expressions of emotion x introverts do better than extraverts and women do better than men. (True Answer )Correct x introverts do worse than extraverts and women do better than men. Incorrect x introverts do better than extraverts and women do worse than men. Incorrect x introverts do worse than extraverts and women do worse than

men. Incorrect 59

Compared with men, women are ________ effective in discerning whether a male-female couple is a genuine romantic couple or a posed phony couple. They are ________ effective in discerning which of two people in a photo is the other's supervisor. x more; ...