Medical terminology 2 PDF

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Crystal Dunlevy...

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"anabolism","process of building up large proteins from amino acids" "catabolism","process whereby complex nutrients are broken down to simpler substances and energy is released" "cell membrane","structure surrounding and protecting the cell" "chromosomes","rod-shaped structures in the nucleus that contain regions of DNA called genes " "cytoplasm","all material outside the nucleus but contained in cell membrane" "DNA","chemical found within each chromosome" "endoplasmic reticulum","network of canals within the cytoplasm of the cell" "genes","regions of DNA within each chromosome" "karyotype","picture of chromosomes in the nucleus of the cell" "metabolism","total of the chemical processes in a cell- including catabolism and anabolism" "mitochondria","structures in cytoplasm that provide principal source of energy for cell" "nucleus","control center of the cell. Contains chromosomes and directs activities of the cell" "adipose tissue","collection of fat cells" "cartilage","flexible connective tissue often attached to bones at joints" "epithelial cells","skin cells that cover the outside of the body line the internal surfaces of organs" "histologist","specialist in the study of tissues" "larynx","voice box - located at the upper part of the trachea" "pharynx","throat - common passageway for food and air" "pituitary gland","endocrine gland at the base of the brain" "thyroid gland","endocrine gland that surrounds the trachea in the neck" "trachea","windpipe" "ureter","one of two tubes leading from one kidney to the urinary bladder" "urethra","tube from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body" "uterus","womb, the organ that holds the embryo/fetus as it develops" "viscera","internal organs" "abdominal cavity","space below chest containing liver, stomach, gallbladder and intestines" "cranial cavity","space in head containing the brain and surrounded by the skull" "diaphragm","muscle separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities" "dorsal (posterior)","pertaining to the back" "mediastinum","centrally located space outside of and between the lungs" "pelvic cavity","space below the abdomen containing portions of the intestines, rectum, urinary bladder and reproductive organs" "peritoneum","double-folded membrane surrounding the abdominal cavity" "pleura","double-folded membrane surrounding each lung" "pleural cavity","space between pleural layers" "spinal cavity","space within the spinal column containing the spinal cord" "thoracic cavity","space in the chest containing the heart, lungs,

bronchial tubes, trachea, esophagus and other organs" "ventral (anterior)","pertaining to the front" "Right hypochondriac region","right upper region below the cartilage of the ribs that extend over the abdomen" "left hypochondriac region","left upper region below rib cartilage" "epigastric region","region above the stomach" "right lumbar region","right middle region near the waist" "left lumbar region","left middle region near the waist" "umbilical region","region of the navel or umbilicus" "right inguinal region","right lower region near the groin (right iliac region)" "left inguinal region","left lower region near the groin (left iliac region)" "hypogastric region","middle lower region below the umbilical region" "RUQ","conains liver (right lobe), gallbladder, part of the pancreas, part of small and large intestines" "LUQ","contains liver (left lobe), stomach, spleen, part of pancreas, part of small and large intestines" "RLQ","contains part of small and large intestines, right ovary, right fallopian tube, appendix, right ureter" "LLQ","contains part of the small and large intestines, left ovary, left fallopian tube, left ureter" "hypochondriac","right and left upper regions beneath the ribs" "epigastric","middle upper region above the stomach" "lumbar","right and left middle regions near the waist" "umbilical","central region near the navel" "inguinal","right and left lower regions near groin" "hypogastric","middle lower region below the umbilical region" "cervical","neck region (C1-C7)" "thoracic","chest region (T1-T12)" "lumbar","waist region (L1-L5)" "sacral","region of sacrum (S1-S5)" "coccygeal","region of coccyx (tailbone)" "deep","away from surface" "superficial","on the surface" "proximal","near the point of attachment to trunk/near beginning of structure" "distal","far from point of attachment to trunk/far from beginning of structure" "inferior","below another structure" "superior","above another structure" "medial","pertaining to middle, or near medial plane of body" "lateral","pertaining to side" "supine","lying on the back" "prone","lying on the belly" "frontal plane","dividing body into anterior and posterior" "sagittal plane","dividing body into left and right sides" "transverse plane","dividing body into upper and lower portions" "chrom/o","color" "afferent","conducting towards a structure" "efferent","conducting away from a structure"...