Medical Terminology - Root Words, Prefixes, Suffixes PDF

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Medical Terminology: Root Words CNUR 103 Root Word

Meaning

Root Word

Meaning

adeno

gland

dento

teeth

adipo

fat

dermo

skin

adreno

adrenal glands

duodeno

duodenum

albino/leuko

white

emesis

vomiting

angio

blood or lymph vessels

encephalo / cerbro

brain

ankylo

crooked, bent, stiff

entero

intestine

artero/arterio

artery

erythro

red

arthro

joint

esophago

esophagus

athero

plaque, fatty substance

fascio

fascia

broncho

bronchial tube, bronchus

febrile

feverish

gastro

stomach

carcino

cancerous

gingivo

gums

cardio

heart

glosso/linguo

tongue

cephalo

head

gonado

sex gland

cervico

neck, cervix

hemo/emia

blood

cholecysto

gallbladder

hepato

liver

chondro

cartilage

histo

tissue

colo

colon

hystero/metro

uterus

costo

rib

laparo

abdomen, abdominal wall

cranio

skull

laryngo

larynx

cutaneo

skin

lipo

fat, lipid

cyano

blue

litho

stone, calculus

cysto

bladder

masto/mammo

breast

cyto

cell

melano

black, dark

distal

away from the point of attachment

meningo

meninges

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Root Word

Meaning

Root Word

Meaning

meno

menstruation, menses

rhino

nose

myelo

spinal cord, bone marrow

salpingo

fallopian tubes

myo

muscle

sclera

sclera of eye, hard

myringo

tympanic membrane

sigmoido

sigmoid colon

natal

birth

spleno

spleen

nephro/rene

kidney

spondylo

vertebrae, vertebral column

neuro

nerve, nerve tissue

stomato

mouth

onco

tumor

teno/tendo

tendon

oo/ovo

egg

thermo

heat

oophoro

ovary

thoraco

chest

optico

eye, vision

thrombo

clot

orchido

testis

thyro

thyroid

osteo

bone

tracheo

trachea

oto

ear, hearing

uretero

ureter

pancreato

pancreas

urethro

urethra

patho

disease, suffering, emotion

vagino/colpo

vagina

pharyngo

pharynx

xero

dry

phlebo/veno

veins

pneumo/pulmo

lung

procto

anus/rectum

proximal

towards the point of attachment

pyelo

renal pelvis

pyro

fever, fire

retino

retina

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Medical Terminology: Prefixes CNUR 103 Prefix

Meaning

a-, an-, ab-

without, away from, negative, not

ad-

toward

ante-

before, toward

anti-

against, counter

brady-

slow

dys-

bad, difficult, painful

ecto-, extra-

outside, external

endo-, intra-

inside, within

epi-

upon, above

eu-

normal, good

hemi-

half, partial

hyper-

high, excessive, increased

hypo-

low, deficient, decreased

inter-

between, among

macro-

large, long, abnormal size

mega-, megalo-

large, great

micro-

small

neo-

new

olig-

scant, few

peri-

surrounding, around

poly-

many

post-

after

pre-

before

sub-

below

super-, supra-

above, excessive

tachy-

fast, rapid

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Medical Terminology: Suffixes Suffix

Meaning

Suffix

Meaning

-algia

pain, suffering

-otomy

surgical incision

-cele

hernia, tumor, swelling

-pathy

disease, suffering, emotion

-centesis

surgical puncture to remove fluid

-pause

to stop

-cyte

cell

-pexy

surgical fixation

-desis

surgical fixation of bone or joint, to bind or tie together

-plasty

surgical repair or formation

-ectasis

stretching, enlargement

-plegia

paralysis

-ectomy

surgical removal of

-pnea

breathing

-emia

blood, blood condition

-ptosis

prolapse, drooping

-esthesia

sensation, feeling

-rrhagia, rrhage

bleeding, abnormally excessive fluid discharge

-gram, -graph

a picture or record

-rrhaphy

to suture

-ia

state or condition

-rrhea

abnormal flow or discharge

-ic, -ac, -al, an, ar-, ary-, ior-, ory-, ous-

pertaining to, relating to

-rrhexis

rupture

-itis

inflammation

-sclerosis

abnormal hardening

-lysis

breakdown, separation, destruction, loosening

-scope

instrument for visual examination

-malacia

abnormal softening

-scopy

visual examination

-megaly

enlargement

-stenosis

abnormal narrowing

-necrosis

tissue death

-tripsy

to crush

-ologist

specialist

-uria

urine, urination

-ology

the science or study of

-oma

tumor

-osis

abnormal condition

ago-, abnormal condition esis-, osis-, ia-, ism-, ion-

-ostomy

surgical creation of an opening

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