Music enjoyment - Lecture notes 1-39 PDF

Preview

Summary

Lecture notes covering whole semester 1-39. Spent a full week typing out study guide and notes. Provided from book, homework, in class practice exams, and lectures. ...

Description

The Enjoyment of Music Midterm Questions. 1. The term baroque has come to mean? The term baroque has come to me “Elaborate.” 2. All forms of art in the baroque period reflect a time of Excess and ostentation. 3. What are the three phases of the baroque period and the dates? Early baroque ( 1600-1640), Middle baroque (1640-1680), and Late baroque (1680-1750). 4. Name five significant scientific and societal events that took place during the baroque period? 1600 William Shakespeare published Hamlet. 1607 Jamestown, the first permanent colony in the New World, was founded. In 1610 Galileo claimed the earth revolves around the sun. 1611 King James Bible was published. 1653 the Taj Mahal in India was completed. 1682 the witchcraft trials of Salem, Massachusetts took place. 1687 sir Isaac newton published Principia Mathematica. 5. During the Baroque period music began to shift from the church to the court. Discuss what changes happened with sacred and secular music? Secular music rivaled sacred music in quantity and often surpassed it in quality. As baroque music evolved, the difference between sacred and secular became unrecognizable. Many secular elements found their way into sacred music, and sacred elements were transferred to secular music. 6. Name and describe some stylistic devices used in the Baroque period that changed music and can be found in almost all modern western music? Solo Voice, voice with instruments, instrumental music, clearly identifiable beat, major and minor keys, basso continue, polyphony dominates. 7. Scales in the middle ages and the renaissance were called modes or church modes during the baroque period composers moved away from these and focused on two types of scales, the major and the minor. 8. The dominant texture of music from the baroque period was? 9. Describe the baroque instrumental core and how this approach has translated into modern popular music?

3.2 1. Name seven instruments used in the baroque period. Give brief descripation of each. 2. Who were the three outstanding makers of violins in the late seventeenth century? Antonio Vivaldi, Johann Sebastian Bach, and Henry Purcell 3. What is a fugue? A fugue is a single melody, called a theme, is played at a higher or lower pitch level while another part performs an accompaniment to the theme. 4. Give five facts about Johanna Sebastian Bach. Father 20 childern, husband to two wives, violinst and organist, worked in the Lutheran Protestant church, Religious man, known as the master of improvising.

5. Antonio Vivaldi was also a great composer of the baroque period. Why do we remember him? We remember Antonio because he wrote The Four Season, celebrates the annual progression of our world’s seasons. 6. What is opera? Opera is a play in which the entire dialogue is sung rather than spoken. 7. What is the name of the first opera? Who wrote it, and when? The first opera was in 1567 by Jacopo Peri it was called Dafne. 8. Who were the pop stars of the baroque period? Why? The Castrati because they were most admired for their opera performances. 9. How does the development of opera relate to modern popular music? 10. What are the similarities and differences of a cantara, and opera, and an oratorio? 11. George Frederick Handel’s most famous oratorio is titled? The Messiah

3.3 False 1. As Baroque music evolved, the difference between sacred and secular became recognizable. True 2. The baroque period has three phases. False 3. During the late baroque, many new ideas were refined. False 4. Operas and oratorios are the same in every way. False 5. The texture of late baroque music is chiefly homophonic. __ 6. Audiences in the baroque period craved for the old music. __ 7. Most music of the baroque period was based on church modes. __ 8. Many secular elements found their way into sacred music during the baroque period. __ 9. In the baroque period, a regular beat became a standard part of all music, whether sacred or secular. False 10. A castrato was a female singer with a deep voice. False 11. Antonio Vivaldi was an ordained Baptist minster. __ 12. Lutes are woodwind instruments. True 13. Both Johann Sebastian and George Frederick Handel was German kaprllmeisters. False 14. Claudio Monteverdi wrote the first opera in 1600. True 15. The pipe organ was the king of baroque instruments. __ 16. Johann Quantz was a violin maker for Frederick the great.

True 17. Henry Purcell s buried beneath the organ in Westminster Abbey. 1. Discuss and compare the differences between middle ages and renaissance and the baroque period. 2. Compare michelangelo’s sculpture David from the renaissance period and the sculpture of the David by Gian Lorenzo Bernini. Tell how each represents its period. It’s evident that the calm, thoughtful, realistic approach of renaissance art is transformed into active, in-motion baroque art. Michelangelo portrayed David in the completive moment before he threw his rock at goliath. Bernini depicted the moment of throwing the rock. The faces, muscle tension, and stance of these two statues demonstrate the difference in the art of the two periods.

3.4 1. Baroque- Period of musical development that followed the renaissance. 1600-1750 2. Early baroque- 1600-1640 period of working out the harmonic approach, beginning to use different types of musical scales and presenting music in new ways. 3. Middle baroque- 1640-1680 period were new ideas from Italy were refined and spread to the rest of the Western world. 4. Late baroque- 1680-1750 period were new ideas were firmly in place by then, composers had worked out how to use the new techniques and tools, and audiences came to expect their new music to sound different from the music of a hundred years before. 5. Meter6. Modes-scales arrange the white and black notes within each scale in slightly different ways. 7. Major scales- sounds bright and happy 8. Minor scales- sounds dark and sad 9. Basso continuo- two person chording/ bass instrument 10. Basso ostinato- a repeating bass line. 11. Opera- is a play in which the entire dialogue is sung rather than spoken. 12. Recitative- a type of extremely simple song. 13. Aria- show-off pieces for singers. 14. Castrati- pop singers of the baroque period 15. Castrato- a male singer, who was a boy, underwent a medical procedure to assure that his voice would not change.

16. Cantata- were sacred works for solo, duet, trio, ensemble voices, choir and congregation, performed without acting, scenery or costumes. 17. Oratorio- the middle ground between the sacred cantata and the secular opera 18. Concerto-an instrumental work that featured a group of instrumentalist accompanied by an orchestra 19. Toccata- typically associated with music for organ or sometimes a stringed instruments, this form was usually a show-off piece for a gifted performer. 20. Movement- were like songs on CDs they contrasted yet complemented one another to help make up a greater whole. 21. Kapellmeister- a chapel-master, or church music leader. 22. Chorale- is a simple piece of music, sometimes called hymn, that all voices and parts moving with similar rhythms. 23. Theme- a single melody 24. Fugue- a single melody is played is played alone (monophonically). After the entire theme has been played, it is then played at a higher or lower pitch level while another part performs an accompaniment to the theme. 25. Secular- non religious music....