Noise Level ECW568 PDF

Preview

Summary

ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LABORATORYECW 568OPEN-ENDED LAB REPORTTITLE OF EXPERIMENT: NOISE LEVELDATE OF EXPERIMENT: 22 OCTOBER 2020GROUP: EC220/6C4AGROUP MEMBERS:1. INTAN AFIQAH BINTI KABRI ( 2019528043 )2. AIN NAZIRA BINTI MOHD SABANDI ( 2019582535 )3. HAIDHATUL AMIZZA BINTI AZMI ( 2019528193 )4. M...

Description

ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY ECW 568 OPEN-ENDED LAB REPORT

TITLE OF EXPERIMENT: NOISE LEVEL DATE OF EXPERIMENT: 22 OCTOBER 2020 GROUP: EC220/6C4A GROUP MEMBERS: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

INTAN AFIQAH BINTI KABRI (2019528043) AIN NAZIRA BINTI MOHD SABANDI (2019582535) HAIDHATUL AMIZZA BINTI AZMI (2019528193) MUHAMMAD ZULHILMI BIN MUHAMMAD ZULHAZLI (2019528147) LLOYDRYEN NAWANG SIMON (2019582329) LECTURER : DR. DZULAIHKA BINTI KHAIRUDDIN: LEVEL OF OPENESS

:

1

MARK S

COMMENTS

INTRODUCTION BASIC CONCEPTS METHODOLOGY RESULTS&ANALYSIS

1

2

3

4

5

DISCUSSION

1

2

3

4

5

CONCLUSION

1

2

3

4

5

ORGANIZATION

1

2

3

4

5

TOTAL MARKS

INTRODUCTION Noise is derived from the Latin word ‘nausea’ implying ‘unwanted sound’ or ‘sound that is loud, unpleasant or unexpected’. The noise originates from human activities, especially the urbanization and the development of transport and industry. Though, the urban population is much more affected by such pollution, however, small town and villages along side roads or industries are also victim of this problem. Noise is becoming an increasingly omnipresent, yet unnoticed form of pollution even in developed countries. In measuring the noise level, temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind, dust and from magnetic field can all affect the performance of noise measuring instruments and the data measured. Therefore, preparations on the procedures of measurement are very important in order to obtain the accurate data reading as well as to achieve the objective of the experiment.

OBJECTIVES 1. To measure the level of noise at the selected study locations. 2. 2. To analyze data and interpret the results of the noise level experiment. PROBLEM STATEMENT UiTM Shah Alam is known to be one of the busiest campus. With the increase of students’ enrolment, high traffic volume is expected surrounding the campus and this significantly contribute to noise pollution. High noise level from the traffic will cause disturbance to learning process in classroom. Perform a relevant experiment to determine the noise level from traffic and identify the effects to learning process in classroom.

APPARATUS Noise level meter

PROCEDURES 1. The noise level meter is switched on. Time Response (Fast or Slow) and Frequency Time Weighting (A or C) is selected. 2. Range is set to 30dB to 130dB. 3. The noise level meter is held and the microphone is pointed towards the noise source. The meter’s LCD for the sound pressure level is observed. 4. MAX key is pressed to select MAX (maximum hold), then the instrument captures and holds the maximum noise level reading on the display. MAX key is pressed again to clear the MAX reading. 5. The data were taken for 40 minutes in 1 minute interval. 6. The instrument is turned off and the battery is removed.

Results and Data Analysis

Minute 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

Noise Reading (dB) Location A 78 75.5 62.2 69.8 70 66 61 64.8 78 69.3 78 75.5 62.2 69.8 70 66 61 64.8 65.2 60.1 61.3 60.2 58 57.3 60.2 65 66.1 63 60.2 65 60 58 57.2 58.2 55 59 55.6 54.2 55.3 54.8

Location B 120.3 120.5 125.4 120.2 118.7 120 129.2 119.2 117.5 128.2 118.2 121 120.3 115.2 125.8 121 114 113.2 112 124 115.2 112 110 118 112 114.3 115.2 116.2 117.2 113 110.2 103.2 108.2 100 106 104.2 104.3 103.1 102 105.1

Reading in 10 minutes Min

Location A 55.2

Location B 110.3

Max

63.1

121.6

Graph of Noise Reading against Time

Noise Reading against Time 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 0

5

10

15

20

Noise Reading (dB) Location A

25

30

35

40

45

Noise Reading (dB) Location B

DISCUSSION This experiment was conducted to determine the level of noise at certain location. Two location were selected namely location A and location B. The instrument to measure the noise level is noise level meter and the units is in Decibels (dB). The microphone of noise level meter was pointed to the noise source for the record of noise level that can be seen on the meter’s LCD display. The data were taken at 1-minute interval for 40 minutes. After that, 10 minutes were used to take the minimum and maximum of noise level for both locations. Based on the data given, we can see there are huge different of noise reading at both location. At the 8:01 in the morning, the noise reading at location A was recorded at 78 dB meanwhile at location B was recorded at 120.3 dB. This shown that at these two locations, the noise started to begin. Every 1 minute time interval, the noise reading are getting scattered which mean that the source of the noise are up and down. Based on the observation, we can observe that at the location A was an indoor area. For example, at the cafeteria, a lot students and staff are coming there for breakfast so the places will be crowded with people and eventually it will produce noise. People come and go will give effect to the noise reading. Other than that, the laboratory. The machine at the laboratory of Faculty Civil Engineering give a lot of impact to the noise

pollution as they can create a loud sound. As the time goes by, the noise reading begins to decrease. At the location A, the student will be starting to have a class. So, they will be not crowded at one places. As we observe that when the time is 8:15 am which the class will started too occupied by the students meaning that the noise reading at the classes will be increase. This because the student a making a noise at their classes. The minimum reading of noise that we get are 55.2 dB while the maximum is 63.1 dB. Although the range of the noise are acceptable but it still can give affect the learning process of student. That is because these range of noise reading can give disturb their hearing when they are exposed to the frequency continuously Regarding the data, the location B has been identified which is the entrance of UiTM Shah Alam that located near to the Seksyen 7. There are a few vehicles has been observed at the peak hour during the daytime. Referring the Guideline for Environment Noise Limits and Control, the study area has classified as institutional area which is the permissible sound level for daytime is 50 dB(A) and for the nighttime is 40 dB(A). Based on the data recorded, it shows that the highest noise level was 129.2 dB (A) while the lowest was recorded at 100.0 dB (A) during 40 minutes. Meanwhile, the maximum level of noise within 10 minutes shows 121.6 dB (A) and the minimum noise level is 110.3 dB (A). According the observation, the data shows that the location is polluted because the highest frequency exceeded the permissible limit of sound level. The main factor that contribute to the noise pollution is the noise from vehicles since the study held during the peak hour. Therefore, there are a lot of vehicles that enter to the university on that time. Moreover, the traffic jammed that occur during the peak hour is the reason factor that unpleasant sound occurred. For example, the sound of horn from the driver’s vehicle is the factor that affected the increasing level of noise on that area. The sound causes the disruption in the environment. Besides, based on the research on road traffic noise that has found, the noise level increase is influenced by driver behavior and source receiver distance, little attention has been paid to the relationship between noise level and the total number of vehicles on the road. In order to reduce the noise pollution to the environment, there are various ways can be implemented. First, the installation of noise barrier. Noise barriers will decrease the outdoor noise level. There was study show that to get a 55 dB outdoor noise level for a school building, some of the following noise control barriers can be used such as natural barriers as vegetation, artificial barriers as wooden or concrete walls, and surface coatings described as ‘‘porous asphalt’’ on the roadway [1]. It is recommended to combine natural barrier and artificial barrier for more effective in reducing noise level.

Moreover according the article ‘Determination of the Noise Pollution on University Campuses’ by Serkan Ozer, it may be suggested that the number of vehicles on the campus should be limited by more effectively controlling the vehicles entering the area. Other than that, the most effective measures to be taken for the reduction of noise level, efficient construction of the buffer planting areas is suggested for the main axes hiding pedestrian walks from main arteries. Meanwhile based on the article written by Debnath which is ‘Environmental Noise Pollution

in Educational Institutes’, by applying speed limits for vehicles near the educational institutes can reduce the noise level. Other than that, we can use the method of a green wall structure for a noise pollution reduction. One of the new ecological and sustainable solution for environmental degradation are the green walls that highlighted their contribution in terms of acoustics insulation [2]. We can build the green wall structure at the Laboratory at the Faculty Civil Engineering which is the nosiest area of the building. Insulation studies were achieved on a modular green wall structure and on a double skin Green Façade [3]. As a result, in the case of road noise, the thin layer boosts sound isolation by 1 dB, while for the Green Façade, the pink noise source rises by 3 dB. Finally, there are several errors might arise such as experimental error and systematic error. Experimental error can exist when the equipment is not used properly. In order to reduce the error, the analysis procedure must be done accurately and precisely for obtain accurate result. In addition, systematic error can occur during the analysis of the data hence it will affect the result Therefore, it can be concluded that the selected location is having a noise pollution and the mitigation measures should be taken to reduce the noise pollution. CONCLUSION As an overall conclusion, the objective if this study which is the traffic noise level at two different areas has been obtained. Based on the data analysis, the traffic noise level at location A is the highest in the 1st, 9th and 11th minute of when the experiment was conducted with a reading of 78dB. While at location B, the reading is the highest when it is in the 7th minute interval with 129.2 dB. The average noise reading in 40 minutes at location A is 64.57dB while the average at location B is 114.83dB. Both of these readings exceed the recommended permissible sound level for institutional area of 50dBA for daytime. Therefore, these locations have been polluted with the noises coming from vehicles which can affect the students causing discomfort and annoyance. In order to cater this problem, the university should construct noise barrier between the main road and academic buildings. Noise barriers are the most effective method of mitigating traffic noise sources, but it does not eliminate all traffic noise, it reduces the noise substantially and improve the quality of life of students.

REFERENCE

1. Avsar Y, Gonullu M.T. (2003). Determination of safe distance between roadway and school buildings to get acceptable school outdoor noise level by using noise barriers. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0360132304003166.

2. Thomazelli, R., Caetano, F. D., & Bertoli, S. R. (2016, September). Acoustic properties of green walls: Absorption and insulation. In Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics 22ICA (Vol. 28, No. 1, p. 015017). Acoustical Society of America. Retrieved from https://asa.scitation.org/doi/pdf/10.1121/2.0000426 3. Pérez, G., Coma, J., Barreneche, C., de Gracia, A., Urrestarazu, M., Burés, S., & Cabeza, L. F. (2016). Acoustic insulation capacity of Vertical Greenery Systems for buildings. Applied Acoustics, 110, 218-226. Retrieved from https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/160791837.pdf 4. Department of Environment Ministry of Energy, Science, Technology, Environment & Climate Change (2019). Guidelines for Environmental Noise Limits and Control https://www.doe.gov.my/portalv1/wpThird Edition. Retrieved from: content/uploads/2013/01/Guidelines-Noise-2019.pdf

5. Serkan Ozer, Murat Zengin, Hasan Yilmaz (2014). Determination of the Noise Pollution on University Campuses. Retrieved from : https://www.researchgate.net/publication/272400536_Determination_of_the_Noise_P ollution_on_University_Education_Campuses_a_Case_study_of_Ataturk_University

6. Gaetano Licitra, Konstantinos Vogiatzis (2019). New Solutions Mitigating Environmental Noise Pollution. Retrieved from : https://www.mdpi.com/20763298/6/11/117/pdf

7. Debnath, Nath, S.K & Barthakur, N.K (2012). Environmental Noise Pollution in Educational Institutes of Nagaon Town, Assam, India. Retrieved from : https://globaljournals.org/GJSFR_Volume12/1-Environmental-Noise-Pollution-inEdu.pdf...