Nutrition Vocabulary Assignment PDF

Preview

Summary

Vocabulary homework...

Description

Nutrition for Wellness 20 April 2017 Assignment #2: Vocabulary Words Word 1. Essential Nutrients a. Essential nutrients are nutrients that are needed to carry out bodily functions, but are not created by the body in large enough quantities. Therefore, essential nutrients must be taken in through the diet. b. The dietitian emphasized the need for a balanced diet of carbohydrates, fats, protein, water, vitamins, and minerals seeing that these are the essential nutrients that the body needs to function. Word 2 Probiotics a. Probiotics are bacteria found in some foods and/or supplements that help to feed the gut bacteria already present and to restore/activate these good microorganisms and to promote gastrointestinal health in general. b. Diane read an article about the positive benefits of probiotics, so she began to incorporate more yogurt into her diet, seeing that it is full of live-cultured probiotics to support her gastrointestinal tract health.

Word 3 Villi/Microvilli a. Villi/Microvilli are the finger-like projections that are found on the surface of the small intestine, and help to transport various substances into the bloodstream for absorption and use by cells as well as increase the surface area of the small intestine.

b. The villi/microvilli that reside on the inward area of the small intestine increase and allow for swift absorption of nutrients, making them an essential part of the digestion and absorption functions of the body. Word 4 Carbohydrate a. A carbohydrate is an essential nutrient and organic compound that is present in many foods and provides energy to the body once digested. b. Brianna’s track coach explained that she should consume pasta, whole grains, and other carbohydrates the night before her big race so that she could utilize the stored glucose provided by the carbs for energy while she runs. Word 5 Pica a. Pica is a condition that results in the craving or desire to consume something that is not regarded as having nutritional value, and in children, these cravings may indicate a deficiency of iron. b. Timmy began eating clay and dirt, suggesting to his pediatrician that he may have developed pica and should be evaluated for an iron deficiency or other nutritionrelated issues. Word 6 Peristalsis a. Peristalsis is the wave-like contractions that move and guide substances (typically food) through the G.I. tract beginning in the esophagus. b. The bolus was swallowed, entered the esophagus, and through the act of peristalsis, was guided through the stomach and intestines until it eventually exited the body through the anus. Word 7 Iatrogenic Malnutrition a. Malnutrition that is the result of a secondary source such as surgery, diet restrictions, or other factors that affect a hospitalized patient

b. Cancer patients and their assigned registered dietitians should be aware of the risk of iatrogenic malnutrition caused by the effects of chemotherapy on a patient’s appetite because negligence could result in further problems for the patient. Word 8 Non-nutritive Sweetener a. Non-nutritive sweeteners are sweeteners that provide little to no caloric value, are not fully absorbed when consumed, and they are typically sugar-alcohols. b. Jane began using non-nutritive sweeteners such as aspartame and stevia in her tea when she read that they were zero-calorie substitutes for sugar and honey. Word 9 Hyperemesis gravidarum a. Hyperemesis gravidarum is otherwise known as an extreme or persisting form of morning sickness; A condition that can occur during pregnancy where a woman experiences persistent nausea and vomiting. b. Kate’s second pregnancy was much more problematic due to hyperemesis gravidarum because she was constantly vomiting and felt dehydrated. Word 10 Dysphagia a. Dysphagia is a condition that creates problems or discomfort while swallowing, making it difficult to pass foods and liquids from the mouth to stomach. b. On Ed’s 80th birthday, he forwent eating birthday cake because his symptoms of dysphagia were prevalent and it was too painful for him to swallow the treat. Word 11 Pre-eclampsia a. Pre-eclampsia is a condition that occurs during pregnancy that results in high-blood and excess protein in the urine; It may result in the urgent birth of the child to save both the mother and infant’s life.

b. As she experienced rapid weight gain and edema during her first pregnancy, the physician and nurses monitored Lisa’s blood pressure and collected urine samples to see if she should be diagnosed with pre-eclampsia. Word 12 Functional Foods a. Functional foods are foods that contain active ingredients or properties that provide more than just basic nutrients for a person. b. Trying to eat healthier, Cassie substituted her typical junk food snacks with a function food, low-fat yogurt, because of the nutrients as well as the probiotics with anti-inflammatory and immune-boosting qualities that she would absorb. Word 13 ADIME a. ADIME stands for assessment, diagnosis, intervention, monitoring, and evaluation of a patient, often when dealing with malnutrition or another nutritional-related problem; This acronym sums up the nutrition care process. b. RDNs and nurses follow the nutrition care process and follow the steps of ADIME in order to accurately analyze and patient and find the right plan to provide patientcentered and effective care. Word 14 Foodborne Illness a. Foodborne Illnesses are illnesses caused by contamination of food from bacteria, improper handling of food, or other toxins. b. The Chipotle worker did not wash his hands after using the restroom, prepared salsa without using gloves, and spread bacteria from his hands to the food of customers, causing two people to become very ill with foodborne illnesses. Word 15 Gerontology a. Gerontology is the study of aging and its effects physiologically, emotionally, and mentally.

b. From a young age, Joey was dedicated to volunteering at nursing homes and on the Gerontology unit at his local hospital, so it was no surprise that he majored in nursing and became specialized in gerontology when he grew up....