Online Class Notes - In the Womb: Twins, Triplets, and Quads. PDF

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In the Womb: Twins, Triplets, and Quads.
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Description

Sophia Rushton Online Class Notes Child Psych and Development

Genotype - An organism’s entire genetic inheritance or genetic potential Phenotype - Observable characteristics of an organism, including appearance, personality, intelligence, and all other traits Epigenetic - Environmental factors that affect genes and genetic expression shaping, or altering the expression of genes and resulting in a phenotype that may differ from the genotype

In the Womb: Twins, Triplets and Quads. ● With Twins the fertilized egg splits into two instead of just staying put and the outcome is ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

identical (Monozygotic) twins Fraternal twins the mother produces two eggs and two separate sperms fertilize each egg Fraternal twins are no different from sibling born at different times, their genes are only half shared Older mothers are more likely to have twins With quadruplets the eggs split once again which is a 1/64 million occurrence During conception millions of sperm swim a challenging journey towards the egg Conception is completed when all 23 chromosomes from the father's side combine with the 23 from the mother This creates the first cell Twins develop in an amniotic sack individually as well as in a corian Mirror image twins occur when the egg splits late Some left handed people may be the surviving twin Conjoined twins may happen if the embryo splits but does not release from the other embryo or if the embryo split early on but came together later on Month 3-6 the embryos will start making their first movements Female embryos tend to move first Week 19 the embryos digestive system begins to work Flavor from what the mother eats can sometimes pass through to the embryo

● Week 20 the structure of the eyeball has been completed but they cannot open their eyes, the iris is forming but the pupil does not appear until closer to birth ● Some prenatal behaviours can carry over to early childhood ● A more dominant embryo will usually have the same dominance over the other after birth ● Week 26 the eyes can now open and the ears are fully functioning ● Single egg twins have almost identical brains as well as bodies ● The environment in the womb can have a dramatic effect ● Identical twins can become tangled in each others umbilical cords ● By 30 weeks the fetuses have everything in place...