Phar1101.Final Exam Review PDF

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PHAR1101 PASS End of Semester Revision Monday 4/6/2018 10am-12pm 1. Describe some factors that impact health care in rural and remote areas, what measures are in place to provide support residence?

Low Socioeconomic areas in rural and remote communities struggle to afford medicines as medicare services are lowest there and the pharmacies are also hard to supply. WHO Section 100 Remote Area Aboriginal Health Services, Bulk PBS medicine supply which supplies the medicine for free or the CTG organization (Close the Gap) subsidizes the price so it is affordable

2. Give examples relating to the two forms of patient product requests?

3. What is the role of the pharmacist in self-care and self-medication? (Include 5 common self-medication conditions that would be treated a pharmacy) Counselling and recommendation based on symptomatology and diagnosis: -

Vaginal thrush Cold and flu Pain Diet and lifestyle Morning after pill

4. What are reasons for non-adherent medicine taking behavior, how can you as a pharmacist promote adherence?

5. Give examples of when it is necessary to refer a patient.

6. What are some recommended ways to help you build rapport with a customer? (mnemonic) Non-verbal behaviour

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- Stand facing patient - Open and friendly manner - Lean towards patient - Eye contact - Relax Convey empathy

7. List 5 different methods of communication

8.

What are some barriers to communication in pharmacy? - health professional - patient - structural/environmental

9. Describe the Health Belief Model with respect to an individual’s belief about health outcomes. HBM is a psychological model that attempts to explain and predict health behaviours, this is done by focusing on the attitude and beliefs of individuals. For example, an individuals attitude towards physical activity. -pre-contemplation; no physical activity. - contemplation; not doing any physical activity but aware of the benefits it will consist of. - preparation; motivated to begin physical activity and prepared to make plans. - Action; starting exercise. - maintenance; regular upkeep of physical activity.

10. Outline why it is important to have an understanding of Aboriginal peoples’ connection to their land/sea in relation to their health and wellbeing. Also discuss the importance of traditional language preservation.

11. What is the CTG initiative and what are some targets of the program? CTG is a National Partnership Agreement on Closing the Gap in Indigenous Health – Target 1: close the life expectancy gap between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians within a generation. – The CTG PBS Co-payment Measure will contribute to achieving this aim by improving access to PBS medicines for eligible Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders living with, or at risk of, chronic disease.

True or false a) A pharmacist cannot own or otherwise have a pecuniary interest in >5 pharmacy businesses b) The AHPRA is a national agency designed to provide administrative assistance and support to the national Boards and the Boards’ committees in exercising their functions c) Pharmacy Board of Australia registers qualified and competent persons in the health profession d) The PBS functions to develop or approve standards, codes and guidelines for the pharmacy profession e) The Pharmacy council of NSW is a respective council to the Pharmacy Board of Australia which receives complaints, determines competency and standards to practice f) The PBS encourages appropriate prescribing by medical partitions through education and practice g) The PBS performs prescription audits h) The PBS detects and investigates suspected cases of fraud and inappropriate practice

i) emergency ‘3-day supply’ can be issued with PBS subsidy

12. Under the Therapeutics Good Act – what is the difference between the categories: registered and listed medicines? Registered = tested for Quality, safety and efficiency. Listed = tested for Quality and safety.

13. A customer brings in a prescription for a schedule 3 medicine. Can the pharmacist dispense the medicine to the patient and provide counselling and advice, or should the medicine be dispensed – or are either of these options acceptable? A schedule 3 drug dispense by prescription does not require the pharmacist to provide counselling and advice for the patient. Schedule 3 drugs by prescription require the pharmacist to fully label the product and for the pharmacist to correctly label the package with ancillary labels and adequate directions for use.

14. What is the safety net 20-day rule, are there any variations to this rule? What cost will a general patient on the safety net incur if they have their prescription filled within 20 days? Under the Safety Net 20 day rule, repeat prescriptions which are filled within 20days of the earlier dispensing cannot count towards the PBS Safety Net threshold and full price must be paid if the threshold has been reached.

15. Outline Regulation 24: The original and repeat of a pharmaceutical benefit can be supplied all together at the one time, if a doctor is satisfied the certain conditionsare met: - Maximum quantity is insufficient for the patients treatment and, - The patient has a chronic illness or lives in a remote area and, - The patient would suffer great hardship trying to get the pharmaceutical benefit on separate occasions. - Not permitted for scrips written by optometrists. - Scripts need to be endorsed “regulation 24”.

Regulation 25: Regulation 25 allows the pharmacist to dispense a prescription as an early PBS subsidised resupply (within 20 days) where there is a genuine need (ie. if the medicine has been destroyed, lost, stolen or is required without delay for the treatment of the person).

16. Explain the conditions of the 3 PBS restriction categories. Unrestricted Restricted benefit – specific therapeutic use or criteria Authority required benefits – restricted benefits that need previous approval from Medicare or DVA.

17. How many items can be written on a PBS script?

Up to 3 18. What are the general and concession amounts payable in 2018? Concession = $6.40 GENERAL =...