Probation - notes PDF

Preview

Summary

notes...

Description

Probation ____________________________________________________________ ● ●

●

●

●

● ● ● ● ●

●

●

●

Community based sentencing alternatives are the most common forms of sentences Most common method ○ Give offenders a second chance ○ Allows offenders to receive rehabilitation treatment ○ Saves scarce tax dollars that might be used for incarceration Medieval times ○ Judicial reprieve ○ Recognizance ○ Sureties John augustus ○ Is credited with starting probation in america in 1841 ○ Convinced judges to let him supervise a select number of offenders ○ 18 years; 2000 probations About 2,000 probation agencies ○ Half are administered by state level ○ Other half administered by county or municipal Nearly 4 million probationers ○ About new 2 million ones each year Awarding probation ○ Contract between offender and court Probation rules Revocation Types ○ Direct sentence to ○ Suspended sentence ○ Split sentences ○ Other forms Eligibility ○ Originally designed for non violent offenders ○ Today even violent offenders may recieve probation ○ Distinct sides ■ Treatment rehabilitation ■ Supervision and control Conditions ○ Set by court ○ Probation officers Administration of probation services ○ Depends on state ■ State administered ■ Locally administered

■ Combined with parole services Probation officers provide supervision Approaches ■ Social worker ■ Law enforcer Elements ○ Presentence investigation ○ Intake ○ diagnosis/ risk classification ○ Supervision ○ Treatment Legal rights ○ Civil rights ○ Revocation rights Success ○ 60% success rate ○ Most revocations are for technical violations within first three months ○ Appears to improve public safety Felony probation ○ 65% are rearrested Fails on probation ○ Those with background of physical and sexual abuse ○ Probationers who grew up with family member incarcerated for drugs ○ Those with extensive criminal histories or prior incarcerations Who succeeds ○ Married with children ○ Have lived in the area for 2 or more years ○ Adequately employed probations ○ Educated female probationers Future ○ Make probationers pay ○ Making probationers more effective ○ Hotspot probation ○ Area needs ○ Specialized probation ○ Private probation ○ Swift and sure punishment Intensive probation supervision ○ Decarceration ○ Control ○ Reintegration House arrest GPS Residential community corrections ○ ○

●

●

●

● ●

●

●

●

● ● ●

●

●

Concept of restoration ○ Crimes harm community ○ Traditional responses are coercive and harmful to offenders ○ Justice policy should repair the harm caused by crime Restorative programs ○ Recognition by offenders that they caused injury ○ Commitment to both material repatriation and symbolic reparation ○ Determination of community support and assistance for the victim and offender...