PROJECT REPORT On VAPOUR ABSORPTION REFRIGERATION SYSTEM BY SOLAR ENERGY PDF

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PROJECT REPORT On VAPOUR ABSORPTION REFRIGERATION SYSTEM BY SOLAR ENERGY SUBMITTED BY: 1. GEVARIYA AKSHAY C. (120370119643) 2. MORADIYA PARTH G. (120370119646) 3. MANGUKIYA CHIRAG G. (120370119648) 4. METALIYA HARDIK D. (120370119650) In fulfillment for the award of the degree of BACHELOR OF ENGINEE...

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PROJECT REPORT On VAPOUR ABSORPTION REFRIGERATION SYSTEM BY SOLAR ENERGY Akshay Gevariya

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PROJECT REPORT On VAPOUR ABSORPTION REFRIGERATION SYSTEM BY SOLAR ENERGY

SUBMITTED BY:

1. GEVARIYA AKSHAY C.

(120370119643)

2. MORADIYA PARTH G.

(120370119646)

3. MANGUKIYA CHIRAG G.

(120370119648)

4. METALIYA HARDIK D.

(120370119650)

In fulfillment for the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING IN MECHANICAL DEPARTMENT

INSTITUTE PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY P.O.LIMDA, TA.WAGHODIA, DIST. VADODARA

UNIVERSITY GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY AHMEDABAD

PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY MECHANICAL DEPARTMENT 2015-16

CERTIFICATE Date:

This is to certify that the dissertation entitled “VAPOUR ABSORPTION REFRIGERATION SYSTEM BY SOLAR ENERGY” has been carried out by 1) GEVARIYA AKSHAY C. 2) MORADIYA PARTH G. 3) MANGUKIYA CHIRAG G. 4) METALIYA HARDIK D. Under my guidance in fulfillment of the degree of Bachelor of Engineering in Mechanical Engineering (7th-8th Semester) of Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad during the academic year 2015-16.

Guides: Mr. Parth Joshi Mr. Nirav Gandhi

Head of the Department

TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgement ………………………………………………….4 Abstract …………………………………………………………….5 List of Figures ………………………………………………...........6 List of Abbreviations ………………………………………………6 List of Tables ………………………………………………………7

Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Various definitive terms…………………………..……………………8 1.2 Background And present Scenario…………..…………………………10 1.3 General introduction………………………………..…………………..12

Chapter 2: Problem definition 2.1 Problem definition of VARs………………………………………..........13

Chapter 3: Necessity 3.1 Necessity of VARs………………………………………………………14

Chapter 4: Objective 4.1 Objective of VARs………………………………………………………15

Chapter 5: Comparison of VARs and VCRs 5.1 Comparison of VARs and VCRs………………………………………..16

Chapter 6: Literature Review 6.1 Review 1…………………………………………………………………17 6.2 Review 2…………………………………………………………………18

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Chapter 7: Components 7.1 Evaporator……………………………………………………………….19 7.2 Absorber…………………………………………………………………21 7.3 Generator………………………………………………….......................22 7.4 Condenser………………………………………………………………..24 7.5 Pump……………………………………………………………………..26 7.6 Expansion device………………………………………….......................27

Chapter 8: Layout 8.1 Layout of VARs………………………………………………………….28

Chapter 9: Basic principle 9.1 Basic principle of VARs…………………………………………………29

Chapter 10: Process Description 10.1 Process description of VARs…………………………….......................30 10.2 Properties require for refrigerant-absorbent mixture…….......................31

Chapter 11: COP of an Ideal VARs 11.1 COP of ideal VARs…………………………………………………….32

Chapter 12. Design of Various Components 12.1 Calculation for mass flow rate…………………………………………33 12.2 Design of condenser……………………………………………………34 12.3 Design of evaporator…………………………………………………...35 12.4 Design of Generator……………………………………………………36 12.5 Design of Absorber…………………………………………………….37 12.6 COP of System…………………………………………………………37

Chapter 13: Actual model of VARs 13.1 Actual model of VARs………………………………………...38

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Chapter 14: CREO parametric Solid model 14.1 CREO parametric solid model…………………………………………39

Chapter 15: Advantages of VARs 15.1 Advantages of VARs………………………………………...................40

Chapter 16. Application of VARs 16.1 Application of VARs……………………………………………………42

Chapter 17: Costing and Estimation 17.1 Costing and estimation…………………………………………………43 17.2 Costing of Solar Panel………………………………………….………43

Chapter 18: Business Canvass Model 18.1 Sheet image…………………………………………………………….44

Chapter 19. Conclusion………………………………………...45 Chapter 20. References…………………………………………46

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Acknowledgement We place on record and warmly acknowledge the continuous encouragement, invaluable supervision, timely suggestions and inspire guidance offered by our guide Prof. Parth Joshi, Department of Mechanical Engineering, at Parul institute of Engineering and Technology, Vadodara in bringing this report to a successful completion. We are grateful to prof. S.M. Siddiqi, Head of the Department of Mechanical Engineering for permitting us to make use of facilities available in the Department to carry out the project successfully. Last but not the list we express our sincere thanks to all our friends and our parents who have patiently extended all sorts of help for accomplishing this undertaking.

1. GEVARIYA AKSHAYKUMAR C. (120370119643) 2. MORADIYA PARTH G. (120370119646) 3. MANGUKIYA CHIRAG G. (120370119648) 4. METALIYA HARDIK D. (120370119650)

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ABSTRACT

Solar energy which is most abundant source of energy in India and we have not having efficient technology to tap this energy source into varied application. So our primary focus of this project would be utilizing solar energy for design and study environmental friendly vapour absorption refrigeration system. The vapour absorption system is two fluid system comprising of ammonia and water and it has three phases: Evaporation, Absorption, and Regeneration. Here in this Refrigeration system when low boiling point refrigerant evaporate, it takes some heat away with it providing the cooling effect and changes gas back into liquid. In this system compressor is replaced by generator and Absorber.

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List of Figures :

Fig. No.

Figure Name

Page No.

1

Refrigerator

8

2

Evaporator

19

3

Evaporator Process

20

4

Creo and actual model of Evaporator

21

5

Absorber Diagram

21

6

Creo model of Absorber

22

7

Generator Diagram

23

8

Creo model of Generator

23

9

Condenser

24

10

Creo and actual model of Condensor

24

11

Pump

26

12

Actual Pump

26

13

Expansion Device

27

14

Layout of VAR

28

15

Basic Principle

29

16

Process Diagram

30

17

Actual Model of VARs

38

18

Creo model of Assembly

39

List of Abbreviations

Symbol

Description

Qa

Heat of Absorption

To

Temperature Of External Heat sink

Pg

Generator pressure

Tg

Generator temperature

Qg

Heat supply to Generator

6

Qc

Heat rejected at condenser

Pe

Evaporation pressure

Qe

Heat Supply at evaporator

Te

Temperature of evaporator

COP

Coefficient of performance

List of Table Table 1 Table 2 Table 3

Comparison of VAR and VCR Costing and Estimation Costing of Solar Panel

16 43 43

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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Various definitive terms 1. Refrigeration It is process of removal of heat and reducing as well as maintaining temperature below surrounding temperature. Unit of refrigeration is tons of refrigeration. Refrigeration is the process of cooling a space or substance below environmental temperatures. Refrigeration was done primarily using methods similar to those mentioned above until the initiation of the commercial refrigerator in 1856 by Alexander Twinning. Oliver Evans designed the first refrigeration machine, or refrigerator, in 1805; but it was John Gorrie who produced the first working model. Gorrie created a refrigeration effect by compressing a gas, cooling it through radiating coils, and expanding it to lower the temperature further. It is this method of refrigeration that is most widely used today and is known as the vapor-compression process.

The technological advancements made over the last 100 years have been nothing short of astonishing, but despite all these advancements, the fundamentals of the refrigeration process have remained virtually the same. Modern advancement has given us alternative ways to conduct this refrigeration, in addition to increasing its efficiency. Despite this, the original concept of cooling by vapor compression, invented by John Gorrie, is still the most commonly used. As part of the constant search for newer technology in the world of science, we wish to examine useful alternatives to the standard vapor-compression process. Therefore, it is the aim of this project to search for, analyze, and create a working model of an alternate refrigeration process such as vapour absorption refrigeration system.

2. Refrigerator It is device used to maintain temperature below surrounding temperature within require space. Source T2

Refrigerator

R

W Fig.1 Q

Sink T1 8

Here in case of refrigerator , we are interested to maintain temperature T1...