Psych test 3 - Lecture notes 7 PDF

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Summary

Just key concepts you need to know for your mid-term test on WEEK 7 - COGNITION for PSYCH16571....

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COGNITION +

Prototype eg: the best example or representation of a concept. For example, what comes to your mind when you think of a dog? Most likely your early experiences with dogs will shape what you imagine.’

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2 e.g. cognitive shortcuts : -Heuristic technique = solving problem that isn’t always perfect but practical enough for reaching short term goal E.g. trial and error, rule of thumb, educated guess

-Algorithm technique solve a problem or make a decision is that yields the best possible answer every time. (accuracy) but very time-consuming. E.g. physician making a decision about how to treat a patient could use an algorithm approach, yet this would be very time-consuming and treatment needs to be implemented quickly. In this instance, the doctor would instead rely on their expertise and past experiences to very quickly choose what they feel is the right treatment approach.When you are solving problems for your math homework, you don't want to risk your grade on a guess. By following an algorithm, you can ensure that you will arrive at the correct answer to each problem. -

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Mental imagery used: extensively by musicians as well as by athletes in sport. As performers, musicians and athletes strive to achieve excellence. Preparation is an essential precursor to performance and the use of mental imagery is a common method of achieving this state. Eg. sport situation (i.e. training, competing, rehabilitation) will dictate the function of imagery used (e.g. arousal regulation, skill rehearsal), and this in turn will impact the outcome (e.g. feelings of efficacy, technique).

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How calculate IQ: by dividing a person's mental age score, obtained by administering an intelligence test, by the person's chronological age, both expressed in terms of years and months. The resulting fraction (quotient) is multiplied by 100 to obtain the IQ score

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Apply nature-nurture debate to the field of language development: Behaviourists propose that a child's environment is the most important factor in first language acquisition, and if a child is exposed to 'rich language,' then 'good habit formation,' and proper language development will occur. Skinner also claim that all errors during first language acquisition are due to ‘bad habit formation,’ which, in due course, children correct as they hear and imitate accurate speech.

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examples of biological motives in humans? Social motives in humans? six basic emotions? What is the seventh that was added? relationship between physiology and emotions health psychology- What is the biggest concern in the field? happens when we are exposed to stressors? Is this always a negative thing? What part of your nervous system becomes active entire class of problems related to stress called? What were they once called? What are some of the problems associated with these disorders?

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Have contemporary health researchers used GAS model. If so, how have they used it?

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psychoneuroimmunology? Why is it important to you as students?

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emotion-focused coping and problem-focused coping. When do we use both?

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leisure coping? What does it involve? Is it effective?...