Psychology Midterm 2 Practice PDF

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Midterm 2 Practice, Questions were exact the same on the actual midterm...

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Psychology Midterm 2 Practice 1. The McDougalls use harsh discipline on their children and demand unquestioning obedience. Psychologists are likely to characterize the McDougalls as_________ parents. a. Authoritarian 2. 4 year old Aya mistakenly believes that her mother would like to receive a toy doll as a Christmas Present. This best illustrates Piaget’s concept of: a. Egocentrism 3. Liam thinks it;s wrong to drive over the speed limit simply because he might get punished for doing so. He is demonstrating Kohlberg’s __________ stage of morality. a. Preconventional 4. Psychologists who view the developmental process as a sequence of distinct stages generally believe that: a. The order but not the timing is the same for everyone 5. Danny triggered a rooting reflex in his infant son by touching him on the: a. Cheek 6. Studies of monkeys raised with artificial wire and cloth mothers suggest that motherinfant emotional bonds result primarily from mothers providing infants with: a. Body Contact 7. According to Erikson, teens who suffer from role confusion have not yet: a. Solidified a sense of identity 8. If a child cannot grasp the principle of conversation, they are unable to: a. Recognize that the quantity of a substance remains the same despite changes in its shape. 9. During the time of following the death of a loved one: a. Greif is more intense when the loved one was a child rather than an older adult 10. In an unpleasant but familiar setting, infants with a secure attachment are most likely to: a. Use their mothers as a base from which to explore their new surroundings 11. As discussed in class, the Zika virus is an example of a _________ as it can cause harm to the fetus. a. Teratogen 12. During the last few years, 75 yr old Claire has gradually become so mentally disoriented that she cant find her way around the house and often fails to recognize

her husband. It is most likely that Claire is suffering the effects of: a. Alzheimer’s disease 13. 3 Year olds who experienced a fire evacuation caused by a burning popcorn maker were unable to remember the cause of this vivid event when they were 10 years old. This best illustrates: a. Infantile Amnesia 14. Abner, a 70 year old retired teacher, feels that his life has not been of any real value or significance. According to Erikson, Abner has failed to achieve a sense of: a. Integrity 15. When tommy’s mother hides his favourite toy under a blanket. He acts as though it no longer exists and makes no attempts to retrieve it. Tommy is clearly near the beginning of Piaget’s _______ stage. a. Sensorimotor 16. Many people would find it more morally repulsive to kill someone by thrusting a knife into his or her body than by shooting him or her with a gun from a distance. This is best explained in terms of the: a. Kohlberg’s moral development perspective 17. When adults of varying ages were tested for their memory of a recently learned list of 24 words, the older adults demonstrated: a. Decline in recall but not recognition. 18. Miguel thought all nurses were young females until a middle-aged male nurse took care of him. Miguel’s altered conception of “nurse” illustrates the process of: a. Accommodation 19. Marie feels socially useful in her career as a financial investment advisor. Erikson would have suggested that Marie experiences a sense of: a. Generativity 20. Piaget’s stages in order: a. Sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational 21. Behaviourists would have expressed the greatest disapproval with attempts to scientific study whether: a. Consumer buying habits are influenced by newspaper advertisements

22. Last year, Dr. LeBiane cleaned Natalia’s skin with rubbing alcohol prior to administering each of a series of painful rabies vaccination shots. Natalia now becomes fearful even if she smells rubbing alcohol. In this example, rubbing alcohol is the: a. Conditioned Stimulus (CS)

23. Jackson is not pleased when his dog pees on the carpet so he swats him with a newspaper to discourage the behaviour. This is an example of: a. Positive punishment 24. In Bandura’s bobo doll experiment, preschool children kicked and punched a large bobo doll that an adult had just beaten on. This example served to illustrate the importance of: a. Observational Learning 25. When playing mario brothers, you receive one free life every 100 coins that mario collects. This is an example of a _______ schedule reinforcement. a. Fixed-ratio 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. Billy just had surgery and is on a morphine drip. He will only receive morphine when he pushes the button after 10 minutes has passed since he last received the drug. This is an example of a ________ schedule reinforcement. a. Fixed-interval (after every 10 mins) 33. ________ is to classical conditioning as _________ is to operant conditioning. a. Generalization; discrimination 34. Max regularly buckles his seatbelt simply because it turns off the car’s irritating warning buzzer. This is an example of: a. Negative reinforcement 35. 36. 37. 38. Slot machines rely on a ________ reinforcement schedule because it produces a high steady rate of responding and greater resistance to extinction. a. Variable interval 39. For the purposes of effective child rearing, most psychologists favour the use of: a. Reinforcement over punishment 40. If rats are allowed to wander through a complicated maze with no reward, they will subsequently run the maze with few errors when a food reward is placed at the end. Their good performance demonstrates: a. Latent learning 41. According to the modified version of atkinson and shiffrin’s three stage memory model, we record information in which order? a. Sensory memory, working/short-term memory, long-term memory 42. Which of the following is the best example of flashbulb memory?

a. You remember exactly what you were doing when you heard about the 9/11 terrorist attacks. 43. Your friend, Doug, is studying for his final exams. Which of the following would you be LEAST likely to offer as advice to help Doug improve? a. Test your knowledge using recognition rather than recall. (this is wrong because recognizing is not as efficient and accurate as recalling) 44. At 80 yrs old, Brett has been diagnosed with dementia. He is able to recall events from his teenage and young adult years. Based on this information, it appears his _________ is still intact. a. Long-Term Memory 45. One way to test memory is to check the speed of_______ for things that we once learned but have since forgotten a. Relearning 46. Several months after watching a science fiction movie about space travel, Wally began to remember that aliens had abducted him and subjected him to many of the horrors portrayed in the movie. His mistaken recall best illustrates: a. Source Amnesia 47. You hear a word in your native language and it is virtually impossible not to recognize the word’s meaning. This best illustrates: a. Automatic processing 48. Bert has difficulty remembering the order of the planets so he is taught “ My Educated Mother Just Served Us Noodles” to help him remember Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. This best illustrates the use of: a. Mnemonic Device 49. Ebbinghaus observed that it is much easier to learn meaningful material than nonsense material. This best illustrates the advantage of: a. Deep processing 50. George Miller’s research on short-term memory capacity indicated that we can only store ________ in our short-term memory, a. About 7 bits of information (give or take 2) 51. Whenever susan gets sad, she is immediately flooded with thoughts of failed relationships and missed chances. Susan’s experience best illustrates: a. Date-dependant Memory 52. Processing of info into memory system is called: a. Encoding 53. Darcy is trying to remember the name of a woman sitting next to her on the bus. She knows she met her at a party, and she is trying to remember which one. Darcy is able to imagine where the woman was seated at the party, as well as what she was

eating. Darcy is using ______ to remember the woman’s name. a. Retrieval cues 54. During a Spanish language exam, Lindsay easily remembers the french vocabulary she studied that morning. However, she finds it hard to recall the spanish vocabulary she rehearsed that afternoon. Her difficulty best illustrates: a. Retroactive Interference 55. Mrs. Landry cannot consciously recall how frequent she criticizes her children because it would cause her too much anxiety. Sigmund Freud would have suggested that her poor memory illustrates: a. Repression 56. At a block party, Louise meets nine new neighbours. Moments later. She can only remember the names of the first three and last two. Her experience illustrates: a. The serial position effect 57. After being verbally threatened by a person in a passing car, Dorothy was asked twice by police if she recognized the man who was driving the car. Several hours later, Dorothy mistakenly recalled that the driver was male when they were actually female. Dorothy’s experience best illustrates: a. The misinformation effect 58. Dr. Sanderson prefers to give his students all short answer and essay questions to fully test their: a. Recall 59. Lily was recently in a car accident where she sustained head trauma. Lily is now unable to form new memories, which means she is most likely suffering from: a. Anterograde Amnesia 60. While taking an american history exam, Lisa was surprised and frustrated by her momentary inability to remember the name of the first president of the United States, which she was able to remember the night before the quiz. Her difficulty most clearly illustrates: a. Retrieval failure 61. An integrated understanding of successful aging in terms of appropriate nutrition, family support and an optimistic outlook best reflects: a. A Biopsychological approach 62. As shown in the video clip, John B. Watson repeatedly paired a _______ with a loud noise in order to demonstrate how classical conditioning could be used to produce specific fears in Little Albert. a. White Rat 63. Which of the following individuals is a prominent researcher in the area of false memory. a. Elizabeth Lofrus...