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A MINI PROJECT REPORT

for Mini Project in Python (20CSE59)

PASSWORD GENERATOR submitted by

SHISHIR LAMICHHANE 1NH18CS213 5/C

In partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING IN COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

Certificate This is to certify that the mini project work titled

PASSWORD GENERATOR Submitted in partial fulfillment of the degree of Bachelor of Engineering in Computer Science and Engineering Submitted by

SHISHIR LAMICHHANE 1NH18CS213 DURING ODD SEMESTER 2020-2021 For 20CSE59 Signature of Reviewer

Signature of HOD

SEMESTER END EXAMINATION Name of the Examiner

1. 2.

Signature with date

ABSTRACT Password Generator to create secure passwords that are impossible to crack on your device without sending them across the internet. This project involves writing a program that generates a strong password for a user. In this project, random and strong password is suggested for the user. Ask the user how long they want their password to be, and how many letters and numbers they want in their password. Have a mix of upper and lowercase letters, as well as numbers and symbols. User can decides the size of the password as they desire like:- the password should be a minimum of 6 characters long. Overall, it is generally safe to use a password generator for your online

accounts.

If

your password

generator's settings

are

configured

to

create

lengthy passwords containing letters, numbers, and special characters, rest assured it's is generally safe for most purposes. At the end the strong password is generated. User is able to select or unselect uppercase, lowercase , digits and punctuations.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The satisfaction and euphoria that accompany the successful completion of any task would be impossible without the mention of the people who made it possible, whose constant guidance and encouragement crowned our efforts with success.

I have great pleasure in expressing gratitude to Dr. Mohan Manghnani, Chairman of New Horizon Educational Institutions for providing necessary infrastructure and creating good environment.

I take this opportunity to express my profound gratitude to Dr. Manjunatha, Principal NHCE, for his constant support and encouragement.

I would also like to thank Dr. B. Rajalakshmi, Professor and Head, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, for her constant support.

I express my gratitude to Mr. Santosh Kumar B my project guide, for constantly monitoring the development of the project and setting up precise deadlines. Her valuable suggestions were the motivating factors in completing the work.

SHISHIR LAMICHHANE(1NH18CS213)

CONTENT

COVER PAGE CERTIFICATE ABSTRACT ACKNOWLEDGEMENT CHAPTER 1- INTRODUCTION 1.1 Problem definition 1.2 Course objectives CHAPTER 2- REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATION CHAPTER 3- IMPLEMENTATIONS 4.1 Python Fundamentals 4.2 Database Fundamentals 4.3 Tkinter Programming CHAPTER 4- DESIGN 3.1 ALGORITHM CHAPTER 5- RESULTS CHAPTER 6- CONCLUSION CHAPTER 7 - REFERENCES

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1. Problem definition This project involves writing a program that generates a strong password for a user. In this project, random and strong password is suggested for the user. Ask the user how long they want their password to be, and how many letters and numbers they want in their password. Have a mix of upper and lowercase letters, as well as numbers and symbols. User can decides the size of the password as they desire like:- the password should be a minimum of 6 characters long.

2. Course objectives 

Improvement in control and performances



To make practical application and use of python fundamentals and database in our project.



It gives more security of your account



It saves time, can select password quickly.



To learn the use of python, tkinter module and widgets like entry, label, combo box.

Chapter 2

REQUIREMENTS AND SPECIFICATION

2.1 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS Processor

: Any Processor above 500 MHz

RAM

: 512Mb

Hard Disk

: 10 GB

2.2 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS 

Python 3.7



Tkinter GUI framework

CHAPTER 3

IMPLEMENTATION

3.1 PYTHON FUNDAMENTALS The basic Python curriculum can be broken down into 4 essential topics that include: 1. Data Types (Int, Float, Strings) 2. Compound data structures (Lists, Tuples, and Dictionaries) 3. Conditionals, Loops, and Functions 4. Object-Oriented programming and using external libraries

Python Programming Language Python is a high-level, general-purpose and a very popular programming language. Python programming language (latest Python 3) is being used in web development, Machine Learning applications, along with all cutting-edge technology in Software Industry. Python Programming Language is very well suited for Beginners, also for experienced programmers with other programming languages like C++ and Java.

3.2 PHYSICAL DATA MODELS •

It describes how any data is stored as a file in the system. There is access path and index.

•

REPRESENTATIONAL DATA MODELS

•

It can be easily understood by end users. It is also similar to how data organized in computer storage.

Functions in Python A function is a set of statements that take inputs, do some specific computation and produces output. The idea is to put some commonly or repeatedly done task together and make a function, so that instead of writing the same code again and again for different inputs, we can call the function. Python provides built-in functions like print(), etc. but we can also create your own functions. These functions are called user-defined functions

Tuple It is a collection which is in order way and can change. It can allow duplicate element. It can be written in round brackets. We can get elements by referring to the index number, and inside the square brackets. We cannot change the tuple once it created. It is immutable. We can change the tuple in list and also change the list to tuple. Tuple is a collection of Python objects much like a list. The sequence of values stored in a tuple can be of any type, and they are indexed by integers. Values of a tuple are syntactically separated by ‘commas’. Although it is not necessary, it is more common to define a tuple by closing the sequence of values in parentheses. This helps in understanding the Python tuples more easily. Creating a Tuple In Python, tuples are created by placing sequence of values separated by ‘comma’ with or without the use of parentheses for grouping of data sequence. Creation of Python tuple without the use of parentheses is known as Tuple Packing. Tuples can contain any number of elements and of any datatype (like strings, integers, list, etc.). Tuples can also be created with a single element, but it is a bit tricky. Having one element in the parentheses is not sufficient, there must be a trailing ‘comma’ to make it a tuple.

Fig:- Creating of tuples

Fig:- concatenation of tuples

List Lists are just like dynamic sized arrays, declared in other languages (vector in C++ and ArrayList in Java). Lists need not be homogeneous always which makes it a most powerful tool in Python. A single list may contain DataTypes like Integers, Strings, as well as Objects. Lists are mutable, and hence, they can be altered even after their creation. List in Python are ordered and have a definite count. The elements in a list are indexed according to a definite sequence and the indexing of a list is done with 0 being the first index. Each element in the list has its definite place in the list, which allows duplicating of elements in the list, with each element having its own distinct place and credibility. Lists are a useful tool for preserving a sequence of data and further iterating over it. It is a collection of ordered and changeable. It allows duplicate member in the list. It can be written in square bracket. We can access the list by giving the index number. We can change the value by giving index number. •

Len () - to determine the length of items in list, we can use Len () function.

3.2Append () – to add the items at the end of the list. •

Copy () – it returns a copy of the list.

•

Count () – it gives the number of items with the specified value.

•

Extend () – it adds the items of a list to the end of the current list.

•

Insert () – it can add an item at any given position.

•

Pop () – it can remove the item at the given position.

•

Reverse () – it can use to reverse a list.

•

Sort () – it can use to sort the list.

Fig:- Slicing of tuples

Python set It is a collection which is unordered and un-indexed in set. Sets in python are written with curly brackets. Sets are not in order so we cannot be sure in which order element will appear. Duplicate items are not allowed. Ex- set = {“apple”,” banana”} There is set in-built method that we can use in sets. Add () – adding an item in sets. Pop () – we can remove an item from the sets. Remove () – it is used to remove the specified element. Discard () – it is used to remove the specified items. Intersection () – it is used to return a set that is intersection of two other sets. Intersection update () – it is used to removes the element in the set that are not present in other specified sets. Difference () – it is used to return a set which contains the difference between two or more set. Is super set () – it shows whether another set contains this set or not

Fig:- Set Implementation

3.3 Tkinter Programming Tkinter is the standard GUI library for Python. Python when combined with Tkinter provides a fast and easy way to create GUI applications. Tkinter provides a powerful object-oriented interface to the Tk GUI toolkit.

Python offers multiple options for developing GUI (Graphical User Interface). Out of all the GUI methods, tkinter is the most commonly used method. It is a standard Python interface to the Tk GUI toolkit shipped with Python. Python with tkinter is the fastest and easiest way to create the GUI

applications.

Creating

a

GUI

using

tkinter

is

an

easy

task.

To create a tkinter app: 1. Importing the module – tkinter 2. Create the main window (container) 3. Add any number of widgets to the main window 4. Apply the event Trigger on the widgets.

Python Lambda Functions In Python, an anonymous function means that a function is without a name. As we already know that the def keyword is used to define a normal function in Python. Similarly, the lambda keyword is used to define an anonymous function in Python. It has the following syntax:

Syntax: lambda arguments: expression This function can have any number of arguments but only one expression, which is evaluated and returned. One is free to use lambda functions wherever function objects are required. You need to keep in your knowledge that lambda functions are syntactically restricted to a single expression. It has various uses in particular fields of programming besides other types of expressions in functions.

Fig:- Lamda function Python dictionary Dictionary in Python is an unordered collection of data values, used to store data values like a map, which unlike other Data Types that hold only single value as an element, Dictionary holds key:value pair. Key value is provided in the dictionary to make it more optimized. Keys in a dictionary doesn’t allows Polymorphism.

Creating a Dictionary In Python, a Dictionary can be created by placing sequence of elements within curly {} braces, separated by ‘comma’. Dictionary holds a pair of values, one being the Key and the other corresponding pair element being its Key: value. Values in a dictionary can be of any datatype and can be duplicated, whereas keys can’t be repeated and must be immutable. Dictionary keys are case sensitive, same name but different cases of Key will be treated distinctly. It is a collection which is unordered, changeable and indexed it can be written with curly brackets it has keys and value. There is no duplicate element.

copy()

They copy() method returns a shallow copy of the dictionary.

clear()

The clear() method removes all items from the dictionary. Removes and returns an element from a dictionary having the

pop()

given key. Removes the arbitrary key-value pair from the dictionary and

popitem ()

returns it as tuple.

get()

It is a conventional method to access a value for a key.

dictionary_name.values()

returns a list of all the values available in a given dictionary.

str()

Produces a printable string representation of a dictionary.

update()

Adds dictionary dict2’s key-values pairs to dict

setdefault()

Set dict[key]=default if key is not already in dict

keys()

Returns list of dictionary dict’s keys

items()

Returns a list of dict’s (key, value) tuple pairs

has_key()

Returns true if key in dictionary dict, false otherwise Create a new dictionary with keys from seq and values set to

fromkeys()

value.

type()

Returns the type of the passed variable.

cmp()

Compares elements of both dict.

Fig:- Nested Dictionary Loops Python programming language provides following types of loops to handle looping requirements. Python provides three ways for executing the loops. While all the ways provide similar basic functionality, they differ in their syntax and condition checking time. 1. While Loop: 2. In python, while loop is used to execute a block of statements repeatedly until a given a condition is satisfied. And when the condition becomes false, the line immediately after the loop in program is executed. Syntax : while expression: statement(s) 3. All the statements indented by the same number of character spaces after a programming construct are considered to be part of a single block of code. Python uses indentation as its method of grouping statements.

Fig :Fig:- Flow chart of loop

3.5 Database fundamentals Database – it is a collection of related data. It is also called mini world. It is built for a specific purpose. It represents some aspect of real world. It specifies the data types, structures, and constraints of the data to be stored. Database management system – it is a collection of programs. It enables users to create database and maintain a database. Advantage of using the DBMS 

It reduced application development time



It is flexible.



There is availability of up-to-date information

3.6 Data Models It is a collection of concepts that describes the structure of a database and provides means to achieve data abstraction. Categories of data models  High-level or conceptual data models  Low-level or physical data models  Representational data models

 Relational data model  Object data model

3.7 CONCEPTUAL DATA MODEL a. Entity It represents a real-world object or concept. For example, employee, student, project, hotel etc. An entity can be a real-world object, either animate or inanimate, that can be easily identifiable. For example, in a school database, students, teachers, classes, and courses offered can be considered as entities. All these entities have some attributes or properties that give them their identity. An entity set is a collection of similar types of entities. An entity set may contain entities with attribute sharing similar values. For example, a Students set may contain all the students of a school; likewise a Teachers set may contain all the teachers of a school from all faculties. Entity sets need not be disjoint.

b. Attribute Entities are represented by means of their properties, called attributes. All attributes have values. For example, a student entity may have name, class, and age as attributes. There exists a domain or range of values that can be assigned to attributes. For example, a student's name cannot be a numeric value. It has to be alphabetic. A student's age cannot be negative, etc.

Types of Attributes 

Simple attribute − Simple attributes are atomic values, which cannot be divided further. For example, a student's phone number is an atomic value of 10 digits.

 Composite attribute − Composite attributes are made of more than one simple attribute. For example, a student's complete name may have first_name and last_name.  Derived attribute − Derived attributes are the attributes that do not exist in the physical database, but their values are derived from other attributes present in the database. For example, average_salary in a department should not be saved directly in the database, instead it can be derived. For another example, age can be derived from data_of_birth.  Single-value attribute − Single-value attributes contain single value. For example − Social_Security_Number.  Multi-value attribute − Multi-value attributes may contain more than one values. For example, a person can have more than one phone number, email_address, etc. These attribute types can come together in a way like − 

simple single-valued attributes



simple multi-valued attributes



composite single-valued attributes



composite multi-valued attributes

It describes the entity like employee name or salary. It also represents some property of interest. Attributes are the properties which define the entity type. For example, Roll_No, Name, DOB, Age,

Address, Mobile_`No are the attributes which defines entity type Student. In ER diagram, attribute is represented by an oval.

i.

Key Attribute The attribute which uniquely identifies each entity in the entity set is called key attribute.For example, Roll_No will be unique for each student. In ER diagram, key attribute is represented by an oval with underlying lines.

ii.

Composite Attribute An attribute composed of many other attribute is called as composite attribute. For example, Address attribute of student Entity type consists of Street, City, State, and Country. In ER diagram, composite attribute is represented by an oval comprising of ovals.

iii.

Multivalued Attribute

An attribute consisting more than one value for a given entity. For example, Phone_No (can be more than one for a given student). In ER diagram, multivalued attribute is represented by double oval

iv.

Derived Attribute An attribute which can be derived from other attributes of the entity type is known as derived attribute. e.g.; Age (can be derived from DOB). In ER diagram, derived attribute is represented by dashed oval.

The complete entity type Student with its attributes can be represented as:

3.9

Relationship

It shows relationship among two or more entities. It shows association among entities. Example: wo...