Session 8 - Introduction to Phonics (Year 1) PDF

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Summary

Tutor - Faye Jackson...

Description

Introduction to Phonics Introduction to rhythm books which could be used during phonics lessons and relevant clubs/practices

Learning Objectives - Will have been introduced to key terminology in the teaching of phonics - Subject Knowledge - Know and understand the importance and place of phonics for reading (skill of blending) and for writing and spelling (skill of segmentation) Relevance to the teaching standards - 1 and 3

The Rose Review (March, 2006) Phonics work should be ‘securely embedded within a broad and language rich curriculum that fosters all independent strands of language: speaking, listening, reading and writing.’ (Rose, 2006:16)

Word recognition

‘Skilled word reading involves both the speedy working out of the pronunciation of unfamiliar printed words (decoding) and the speedy recognition of familiar printed words. Underpinning both is the understanding that the letters on the page represent the sounds in spoken words.’ (DfE, 2013: 13)

Systematic Synthetic Phonics

Skills of segmentation and blending + knowledge of the alphabetic code = to enable word reading and spelling

The Alphabetic Code Phonemes are represented by graphemes: - One phoneme can be represented by one or more letters - The same phoneme can be represented/spelled in more than one way - The same spelling may represent more than one sound

Example ‘I thought I saw the dough-faced ploughboy cough and hiccough his rough way through the borough.’ (8 different pronunciations of “ough”

Phoneme and Grapheme Activity 1. Cat (c-a-t) 2. Fish (F-iu-sh) 3. Coat (c-o-at) 4. Slight (sl-i-ght) 5. Dress (dr-e-ss) 6. Photograph (Ph-ot-o-graph) 7. Spring (Sp-r-ing) 8. Through (th-r-ough)

Digraphs Watch - (Wa-t-ch) = Consonant digraph Height - (H-ei-ght) = Vowel digraph and a trigraph Wish -(w-ish) = Trigraph Bridge (B-ri-dge) = Vowel digraph and a trigraph Much (M-u-ch) - Consonant digraph Plough (Pl-ough) - quadgraph

Decoding and Blending When we read a word using a phonic strategy we identify the grapheme/phoneme correspondences and then blend the sounds together Reading = Blending

Encoding/Segmenting When we work out how to spell a word we break it up or segment it into its phonemes and then identify the appropriate graphemes to represent each phoneme

Spelling = Segmenting ‘blending and segmenting are...reversible processes: that is, if you can blend the sounds together to read a word, you should also be able to identify and break down (segment) the individual sounds you hear to spell it. To spell the word, you need to represent each sound you hear by a letter – or more than one letter . ’ (Ofsted,2011: 18) Phonics Planning needs to include direct teaching and activities for both skills to develop

Key Principles - A phoneme can be represented by one or more letters e.g. a, sh, igh, ough - The same phoneme can be represented by different graphemes e.g. rain, may, lake - The same spelling may represent more than on phoneme e.g. mean, deaf

Glossary of key terminology Adjacent consonants - Two or three consonants with discrete sounds which are blended together e.g. str, gr, pl Blending - To draw individual sounds together to pronounce a word e.g. s-n-a-p blended together reads the word snap (To put the sounds together in order to form a word)

Consonant digraph - Two constants representing one phoneme e.g. sh, th, ch Decoding - The ‘act of translating graphemes into phonemes’. (waugh et al, 2015:157) Digraph - Two letters representing one phoneme e.g. Ch-ur-ch Encoding - The ‘act of transcribing units of sound or phonemes into graphemes’ (Waugh et al, 2015:157) Grapheme - The written/visual representation of a phoneme which can be made up of one or more letters e.g. /a/ /sh/ /igh/ /ough/ E.g. F-l-u or f-l-oo Grapheme/Phoneme Correspondence (GPC) - Is the relationship between a sound and the letter/s used to represent it (How it looks visually when written down) Phoneme - The smallest unit of sound in a word e.g. c-a-t has 3 phonemes

 our letters representing one phoneme e.g. ough Quadgraph - F Segmentation - Breaking the words up into smaller parts to establish a clearer understanding and recognition of previous sounds Trigraph - Three letters representing one phoneme e.g. igh, ear Vowel Digraph - Two letters representing one vowel phoneme e.g. ee, ar, ir Split Digraph - A digraph in which the two letters that make the vowel phoneme are spilt e.g. m-a-k-e...