Signs & Symptoms Notebook PDF

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Jennifer Martin WC-EMT FT

EMT Medication Overview Six Rights of Medication Administration 1. RIGHT PATIENT  Ask the patient their first and last name  Does the order match the patient? 2. RIGHT MEDICATION  Does the medication label match the order?  Be vigilant with look-alike and sound-alike medications 3. RIGHT DOSE  Does the strength and dosage match the order?  Is it half, whole or multiple tablets? 4. RIGHT TIME  Does the administration time match the order?  Before administering a PRN medication, ensure specified time interval has passed 5. RIGHT ROUTE  Does the route match the order?  Can this be crushed or mixed in other substances?  Have any transdermal patches been removed? 6. RIGHT DOCUMENTATION  Document immediately after the medication is administered

Jennifer Martin WC-EMT FT

Medications EMT’s Administer/Assist Activated Charcoal (ACTi dose with Sorbitol) Action: Adsorbs toxic substances in the digestive tract Indication: Most oral poisonings; overdose Contraindications: Decreased level of consciousness, can’t protect own airway; overdose of corrosives, caustics, or petroleum substances Route Given: PO (oral) Interaction: Bonds with and inactivates most medications/substances in the digestive tract Dose: 1-2 g/kg Side Effects: Nausea, vomiting, constipation, black stool

Aspirin (Bayer) Action: Anti-inflammatory agent and anti-fever agent; prevents platelets from clumping thereby decreases formation of new clots Indication: Relief of mild pain, headache, muscle aches; chest pain of cardiac origin Contraindications: Hypersensitivity; recent bleeding Route Given: PO (oral) Interaction: Caution should be used in patients who are taking anticoagulants Dose: 160-325mg; 160-325mg chewable tablets for chest pain Side Effects: Nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, bleeding, allergic reactions

MDI-Metered-dose Inhaler (Albuterol, Proventil, Ventolin) Action: Stimulates nervous system, causing bronchodilation Indication: Asthma/difficulty breathing with wheezing Contraindications: Hypersensitivity; tachycardia(relative); chest pain of cardiac origin Route Given: Inhalation Interaction: Increases effects of other nervous system stimulants Dose: 1-2 inhalations; wait 5 minutes before repeating dose Side Effects: Hypertension, tachycardia, anxiety, restlessness

Epinephrine (EpiPen) Action: Stimulates nervous system, causing bronchodilation Indication: Anaphylactic reaction Contraindications: Chest pain of cardiac origin; hypothermia; hypertension Route Given: IM (Intramuscular) Interaction: Increases effects of other nervous system stimulants Dose: .3mg for adult; .15mg for children Side Effects: Hypertension, tachycardia, anxiety, restlessness

Jennifer Martin WC-EMT FT

Naloxone (Narcan, EVZIO autoinjector) Action: Reverses respiratory depression secondary to opioid overdose Indication: Opioid poisoning, poor/no response or respiratory rate (...