Soils Chapter 13 Quiz - Quiz Material for Steve Green PDF

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Quiz Material for Steve Green...

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Soils Chapter 13 Quiz: 

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4 Goals of soil/nutrient management: 1) Cost effective production of high quality plants and animals 2) Efficient use and conservation of nutrient resources 3) Maintenance or enhancement of soil quality 4) Protection of the environment beyond the soil. Sometimes a nutrient budget is needed to keep track of soil needs. N and P cause the most harm on water quality overall. Health hazard is determined by levels of nitrate and exposure time. Point Sources: Places of nutrient pollution like factories and sewage. Non-point Sources: Nutrient runoff from landscape. Ag counts for 40% of N and P in Chesapeake Bay, point for 20%. A nutrient Management Plan serves the purpose of balancing inputs of N and P and to prevent undesirable outputs like runoff or leaching to exceed the Maximum Allowable Daily Loadings (MDL). 4 Kinds of Best Management Plans (BPMs-practices implementing a nutrient management plan): 1) Buffer Strips-dense vegetation along bank, to filter runoff water 2) Cover Crops-provide cover, reduce leaching losses, and reduce N fertilizer needs 3) Conservation Tillage 4) Forrest stand management. Undisturbed forests lose nutrients by: 1) leaching and runoff of dissolved ions and organic compounds 2) erosion of nutrient-containing organic litter and mineral particles 3) volatilization of certain nutrients, especially during fires. N losses from forests is 1-5 kg/ha per year; P losses are more like...