TB-Chapter 05 Health Promotion for the Developing Child PDF

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Test bank possible questions for exams on pediatrics and maternal...

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MATERNAL CHILD NURSING 5TH EDITION MCKINNEY TEST BANK

TestBank-Maternal-ChildNursing(5thEditionbyMcKinney)

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Chapter05:HealthPromotionfortheDevelopingChild MULTIPLECHOICE 1.Whichstatementbestdescribesdevelopmentininfantsandchildren? a.

Development,apredictableandorderlyprocess,occursatvaryingrateswithinnormallimits.

b.

Developmentisprimarilyrelatedtothegrowthinthenumberandsizeofcells.

c.

Developmentoccursinaproximodistaldirectionwithfinemuscledevelopmentoccurringfirst.

d.

Developmentismoreeasilyandaccuratelymeasuredthangrowth.

ANS:A Feedback A

Development,acontinuousandorderlyprocess,providesthebasisforincreasesinthechilds functionandcomplexityofbehavior.Theincreasesinrateoffunctionandcomplexitycan varynormallywithinlimitsforeachchild.

B

Anincreaseinthenumberandsizeofcellsisadefinitionforgrowth. NURSINGTB.COM

C

Developmentproceedsinaproximodistaldirectionwithfinemuscleorganizationoccurring asaresultoflargemuscleorganization.

D

Developmentisamorecomplexprocessthatisaffectedbymanyfactors;therefore,itisless easilyandaccuratelymeasured.Growthisapredictableprocesswithstandardmeasurement methods.

PTS:1DIF:CognitiveLevel:KnowledgeREF:p.68 OBJ:NursingProcess:AssessmentMSC:ClientNeeds:HealthPromotionandMaintenance 2.Frequentdevelopmentalassessmentsareimportantforwhichreason? a.

Stabledevelopmentalperiodsduringinfancyprovideanopportunitytoidentifyanydelaysor deficits.

b.

Infantsneedstimulationspecifictothestageofdevelopment.

c.

Criticalperiodsofdevelopmentoccurduringchildhood.

d.

Childdevelopmentisunpredictableandneedsmonitoring.

ANS:C

NURSINGTB.COM

MATERNAL CHILD NURSING 5TH EDITION MCKINNEY TEST BANK TestBank-Maternal-ChildNursing(5thEditionbyMcKinney)

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Feedback A

Infancyisadynamictimeofdevelopmentthatrequiresfrequentevaluationstoassess appropriatedevelopmentalprogress.

B

Infantsinanurturingenvironmentwilldevelopappropriatelyandwillnotnecessarilyneed stimulationspecifictotheirdevelopmentalstage.

C

Criticalperiodsareblocksoftimeduringwhichchildrenarereadytomasterspecific developmentaltasks.Theearlierthosedelaysindevelopmentarediscoveredandintervention initiated,thelessdramatictheireffectwillbe.

D

Normalgrowthanddevelopmentisorderlyandproceedsinapredictablepatternbasedon eachindividualsabilitiesandpotentials.

PTS:1DIF:CognitiveLevel:ComprehensionREF:p.71|p.78 OBJ:NursingProcess:AssessmentMSC:ClientNeeds:HealthPromotionandMaintenance 3.Whichfactorhasthegreatestinfluenceonchildgrowthanddevelopment? a.

Culture

b.

Environment

c.

Genetics

d.

Nutrition

NURSINGTB.COM

ANS:C Feedback A

Cultureisasignificantfactorthatinfluenceshowchildrengrowtowardadulthood.Culture influencesbothgrowthanddevelopmentbutdoesnoteliminateinborngeneticinfluences.

B

Environmenthasasignificantroleindetermininggrowthanddevelopmentbothbeforeand afterbirth.Theenvironmentcaninfluencehowandtowhichextentgenetictraitsare manifested,butenvironmentalfactorscannoteliminatetheeffectofgenetics.

C

Geneticfactors(heredity)determineeachindividualsgrowthanddevelopmentalrate. Althoughfactorssuchasenvironment,culture,nutrition,andfamilycaninfluencegenetic traits,theydonoteliminatetheeffectofthegeneticendowment,whichispermanent.

D

Nutritioniscriticalforgrowthandplaysasignificantrolethroughoutchildhood.

NURSINGTB.COM

MATERNAL CHILD NURSING 5TH EDITION MCKINNEY TEST BANK TestBank-Maternal-ChildNursing(5thEditionbyMcKinney)

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PTS:1DIF:CognitiveLevel:ComprehensionREF:p.71 OBJ:NursingProcess:AssessmentMSC:ClientNeeds:HealthPromotionandMaintenance 4.Thenurseisplanningateachingsessionforayoungchildandherparents.AccordingtoPiagetstheory,the periodofcognitivedevelopmentinwhichthechildisabletodistinguishbetweenconceptsrelatedtofactand fantasy,suchashumanbeingsareincapableofflyinglikebirds,isthe_______periodofcognitive development. a.

Sensorimotor

b.

Formaloperations

c.

Concreteoperations

d.

Preoperational

ANS:C Feedback A

Thesensorimotorstageoccursininfancyandisaperiodofreflexivebehavior.Duringthis period,theinfantsworldbecomesmorepermanentandorganized.Thestageendswiththe infantdemonstratingsomeevidenceofreasoning. NURSINGTB.COM

B

Formaloperationsisaperiodindevelopmentinwhichnewideasarecreatedthrough previousthoughts.Analyticreasonandabstractthoughtemergeinthisperiod.

C

Concreteoperationsistheperiodofcognitivedevelopmentinwhichchildrensthinkingis shiftedfromegocentrictobeingabletoseeanotherspointofview.Theydeveloptheability todistinguishfactfromfantasy.

D

Thepreoperationalstageisaperiodofegocentrisminwhichthechildsjudgmentsare illogicalanddominatedbymagicalthinkingandanimism.

PTS:1DIF:CognitiveLevel:ApplicationREF:p.73 OBJ:NursingProcess:AssessmentMSC:ClientNeeds:HealthPromotionandMaintenance 5.Thetheoristwhovieweddevelopmentalprogressionasalifelongseriesofconflictsthatneedresolutionis a.

Erikson

b.

Freud

c.

Kohlberg

d.

Piaget

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MATERNAL CHILD NURSING 5TH EDITION MCKINNEY TEST BANK TestBank-Maternal-ChildNursing(5thEditionbyMcKinney)

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ANS:A Feedback A

ErikEriksonvieweddevelopmentasaseriesofconflictsaffectedbysocialandcultural factors.Eachconflictmustberesolvedforthechildtoprogressemotionally,with unsuccessfulresolutionleavingthechildemotionallydisabled.

B

SigmundFreudproposedapsychosexualtheoryofdevelopment.Heproposedthatcertain partsofthebodyassumepsychologicalsignificanceasfociofsexualenergy.Thefocishiftas theindividualmovesthroughthedifferentstages(oral,anal,phallic,latency,andgenital)of development.

C

LawrenceKohlbergdescribedmoraldevelopmentashavingthreelevels(preconventional, conventional,andpostconventional).HistheorycloselyparallelsPiagets.

D

JeanPiagetscognitivetheoryinterpretshowchildrenlearnandthinkandhowthisthinking progressesanddiffersfromadultthinking.Stagesofhistheoryincludesensorimotor, preoperations,concreteoperations,andformaloperations.

PTS:1DIF:CognitiveLevel:ComprehensionREF:p.76 OBJ:NursingProcess:AssessmentMSC:ClientNeeds:HealthPromotionandMaintenance NURSINGTB.COM

6.Whatdoesthenurseneedtoknowwhenobservingachronicallyillchildatplay? a.

Playisnotimportanttohospitalizedchildren.

b.

Childrenneedtohavestructuredplayperiods.

c.

Childrensplayisaformofcommunication.

d.

Playistobediscouragedbecauseittireshospitalizedchildren.

ANS:C Feedback A

Playisimportanttoallchildreninallenvironments.Playforchildrenisamechanismfor masteringtheirenvironment.

B

Althoughchildrensplayactivitiesappeartobeunorganizedandattimeschaotic,playhas purposeandmeaning.Imposingstructureonplayinterfereswiththetasksbeingworkedon.

C

Playforallchildrenisanactivitywovenwithmeaningandpurpose.Forchronicallyill children,playcanindicatetheirstateofwellnessandresponsetotreatment.Itisawayto

NURSINGTB.COM

MATERNAL CHILD NURSING 5TH EDITION MCKINNEY TEST BANK TestBank-Maternal-ChildNursing(5thEditionbyMcKinney)

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expressjoy,fear,anxiety,anddisappointments. D

Childrenwhohavefewerenergyreservesstillrequireplay.Forthesechildren,less-active playactivitieswillbeimportant.

PTS:1DIF:CognitiveLevel:ApplicationREF:p.80 OBJ:NursingProcess:ImplementationMSC:ClientNeeds:HealthPromotionandMaintenance 7.Whichchildismostlikelytobefrightenedbyhospitalization? a.

A4-month-oldinfantadmittedwithadiagnosisofbronchiolitis

b.

A2-year-oldtoddleradmittedforcysticfibrosis

c.

A9-year-oldchildhospitalizedwithafracturedfemur

d.

A15-year-oldadolescentadmittedforabdominalpain

ANS:B Feedback NURSINGTB.COM

A

Younginfantsarenotaslikelytobeasfrightenedastoddlersbyhospitalizationbecausethey arenotasawareoftheenvironment.

B

Toddlersaremostlikelytobefrightenedbyhospitalizationbecausetheirthoughtprocesses areegocentric,magical,andillogical.Theyfeelverythreatenedbyunfamiliarpeopleand strangeenvironments.

C

The9-year-oldchildscognitiveabilityissufficientenoughforthechildtounderstandthe reasonforhospitalization.

D

The15-year-oldadolescenthasthecognitiveabilitytointerpretthereasonforhospitalization

PTS:1DIF:CognitiveLevel:ComprehensionREF:p.74|Table5-2 OBJ:NursingProcess:AssessmentMSC:ClientNeeds:HealthPromotionandMaintenance 8.Whichexpectedoutcomeisdevelopmentallyappropriateforahospitalized4-year-oldchild? a.

Thechildwillbedressedandfedbytheparents.

b.

Thechildwillindependentlyaskforplaymaterialsorotherpersonalneeds.

c.

Thechildwillbeabletoverbalizeanunderstandingofthereasonforthehospitalization.

NURSINGTB.COM

MATERNAL CHILD NURSING 5TH EDITION MCKINNEY TEST BANK TestBank-Maternal-ChildNursing(5thEditionbyMcKinney)

d.

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Thechildwillhaveaparentstayintheroomatalltimes.

ANS:B Feedback A

Parentsneedtofosterappropriatedevelopmentalbehaviorinthe4-year-oldchild.Dressing andfeedingthechilddonotencourageindependentbehavior.

B

Eriksonidentifiesinitiativeasadevelopmentaltaskforthepreschoolchild.Initiatingplay activitiesandaskingforplaymaterialsorassistancewithpersonalneedsdemonstrates developmentalappropriateness.

C

A4-year-oldchildcannotbeexpectedtocognitivelyunderstandthereasonfor hospitalization.Expectingthechildtoverbalizeanunderstandingforhospitalizationisan inappropriateoutcome.

D

Parentsstayingwiththechildthroughoutahospitalizationisaninappropriateoutcome. Althoughchildrenbenefitfromparentalinvolvement,parentsmaynothavethesupport structuretostayintheroomwiththechildatalltimes.

PTS:1DIF:CognitiveLevel:ApplicationREF:p.74|Table5-2 OBJ:NursingProcess:PlanningMSC:ClientNeeds:HealthPromotionandMaintenance NURSINGTB.COM

9.Apreschoolagedchildwillbereceivingimmunizations.Whichstatementidentifiesanappropriatelevelof languagedevelopmentfora4-year-oldchild? a.

Thechildhasavocabularyof300wordsandusessimplesentences.

b.

Thechildusescorrectgrammarinsentences.

c.

Thechildisabletopronounceconsonantsclearly.

d.

Thechilduseslanguagetoexpressabstractthought.

ANS:B Feedback A

Simplesentencesanda300-wordvocabularyareappropriatefora2-year-oldchild.

B

The4-year-oldchildisabletousecorrectgrammarinsentencestructure.

C

The4-year-oldchildtypicallyhasdifficultyinpronouncingconsonants.

NURSINGTB.COM

MATERNAL CHILD NURSING 5TH EDITION MCKINNEY TEST BANK TestBank-Maternal-ChildNursing(5thEditionbyMcKinney)

D

Theuseoflanguagetoexpressabstractthoughtisdevelopmentallyappropriateforthe adolescent.

PTS:1DIF:CognitiveLevel:ComprehensionREF:p.77 OBJ:NursingProcess:AssessmentMSC:ClientNeeds:HealthPromotionandMaintenance 10.Whichchildrenareatgreaterriskfornotreceivingimmunizations? a.

Childrenwhoattendlicenseddaycareprograms

b.

Childrenenteringschool

c.

Childrenwhoarehomeschooled

d.

Youngadultsenteringcollege

ANS:C Feedback A

Allstatesrequireimmunizationsforchildrenindaycareprograms.

B

Allstatesrequireimmunizationsforchildrenenteringschool.

C

Home-schooledchildrenareatriskforbeingunderimmunizedandneedtobemonitored.

D

Mostcollegesrequirearecordofimmunizationsaspartofahealthhistory.

NURSINGTB.COM

PTS:1DIF:CognitiveLevel:ComprehensionREF:p.84 OBJ:NursingProcess:EvaluationMSC:ClientNeeds:HealthPromotionandMaintenance 11.Whichdevelopmentalassessmentinstrumentisappropriatetoassessa5-year-oldchild? a.

BrazeltonBehavioralScale

b.

DenverDevelopmentalScreeningTestII(DDST-II)

c.

DubowitzScale

d.

NewBallardScale

ANS:B Feedback

NURSINGTB.COM

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MATERNAL CHILD NURSING 5TH EDITION MCKINNEY TEST BANK TestBank-Maternal-ChildNursing(5thEditionbyMcKinney)

A

TheBrazeltonBehavioralScaleisusedfornewbornassessment.

B

TheDDST-IIisusedforinfantsandchildrenbetweenbirthand6yearsofage.

C

TheDubowitzScaleisusedforestimationofgestationalage.

D

TheNewBallardScaleisusedfornewbornscreening.

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PTS:1DIF:CognitiveLevel:ApplicationREF:p.78 OBJ:NursingProcess:PlanningMSC:ClientNeeds:HealthPromotionandMaintenance 12.A2-month-oldchildhasnotreceivedanyimmunizations.Whichimmunizationsshouldthenursegive? a.

DTaP,Hib,HepB,MCV,varicella

b.

DTaP,Hib,HepB,HPV,IPV,Rota

c.

DTaP,Hib,HepB,PCV,Rota

d.

DTaP,Hib,HepB,PCV,HepA NURSINGTB.COM

ANS:C Feedback A

Meningococcalvaccineshouldbeadministeredtochildrenat11to12yearsofage.

B

Humanpapillomavirusvaccineisadministeredtoadolescentgirlsonly.

C

DTaP,Hib,HepB,PCV,IPV,andRotaareappropriateimmunizationsforanunimmunized 2-month-oldchild.

D

HepAisrecommendedforallchildrenat1yearofage.

PTS:1DIF:CognitiveLevel:ApplicationREF:p.83 OBJ:NursingProcess:PlanningMSC:ClientNeeds:HealthPromotionandMaintenance 13.Theenvironment,bothphysicalandpsychosocial,isasignificantdeterminateofgrowthanddevelopment outcomesbeforeandafterbirth.Nursescanassistparentsinpreventingenvironmentalinjuryfortheir2-yearoldtoddlerbyteachingthemtoavoidthemostcommonsourcesofexposure.Thisanticipatoryguidance includesteachingrelatedto a.

Avoidingsunexposure,secondhandsmoke,andlead

NURSINGTB.COM

MATERNAL CHILD NURSING 5TH EDITION MCKINNEY TEST BANK TestBank-Maternal-ChildNursing(5thEditionbyMcKinney)

b.

Socioeconomicstatus,primarilypoverty

c.

Maternalsmokingandalcoholintakeduringpregnancy

d.

Thepassingofenvironmentaltoxinsthroughbreastmilk

67

ANS:A Feedback A

Leadcanbepresentinthehomeandintoysmadeoverseas.Environmentalinjurycanalsobe theresultofmercury,pesticides(fleaandtickcollars),radon,andexposuretothesunand secondhandsmoke.Itisimportantforthenursetoprovidehealthteachingrelatedtothese factors.

B

Thenurseisunabletoinfluencesocioeconomicstatus.

C

Itistoolateforthenursetoinstructthemotherregardingsmokingoralcoholintakeduring pregnancy.Thisshouldhavebeenincludedinprenatalteaching.

D

Itisunlikelythata2-year-oldchildwillstillbebreastfeeding. NURSINGTB.COM

PTS:1DIF:CognitiveLevel:AnalysisREF:p.71 OBJ:NursingProcess:ImplementationMSC:ClientNeeds:HealthPromotionandMaintenance 14.Whichimmunizationsshouldbeusedwithcautioninchildrenwithanallergytoeggs? a.

HepB

b.

DTaP

c.

Hib

d.

MMR

ANS:D Feedback A

HepBissafeforchildrenwithaneggallergy.

B

DTaPissafeforchildrenwithaneggallergy.

NURSINGTB.COM

MATERNAL CHILD NURSING 5TH EDITION MCKINNEY TEST BANK TestBank-Maternal-ChildNursing(5thEditionbyMcKinney)

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C

Hibissafeforchildrenwithaneggallergy.

D

Livemeaslesvaccineisproducedbyusingchickembryocellculture,sothereisaremote possibilityofanaphylactichypersensitivityinchildrenwitheggallergies.Mostreactionsare actuallytheresultofothercomponentsinthevaccine.

PTS:1DIF:CognitiveLevel:ApplicationREF:p.85 OBJ:NursingProcess:PlanningMSC:ClientNeeds:PhysiologicIntegrity 15.Whencounselingparentsandchildrenabouttheimportanceofincreasedphysicalactivity,thenursecan emphasize a.

Anaerobicexerciseshouldcompriseamajorcomponentofthechildsdailyexercise.

b.

Allchildrenshouldbephysicallyactiveforatleast2hoursperday.

c.

Itisnotnecessarytoparticipateinphysicaleducationclassesatschoolifastudentistakingpartin otheractivities.

d.

Makingexercisefunandahabitualactivity.

ANS:D NURSINGTB.COM

Feedback A

Aerobicexerciseshouldcompriseamajorcomponentofchildrensdailyexercise;however, physicalactivityshouldalsoincludemuscleandbonestrengtheningactivities.

B

Childrenandadolescentsshouldbephysicallyactiveforatleast1hourdaily.

C

Encourageallstudenttoparticipatefullyinanyphysicaleducationclasses.

D

Itisimportanttomakeexerciseafunandahabitualactivity.Encourageparentstoinvestigate theircommunitysdifferentactivityprograms.Thisincludesrecreationcenters,parks,andthe YMCA.

PT...