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MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING 9TH EDITION IGNATAVICIUS TEST BANK

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MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING 9TH EDITION IGNATAVICIUS TEST BANK TestBank-Medical-SurgicalNursing:ConceptsforInterprofessionalCollaborativeCare9e

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Chapter02:OverviewofHealthConceptsforMedical-SurgicalNursing MULTIPLECHOICE 1.Acid-basebalanceoccurswhenthepHlevelofthebloodisbetween: a.7.3and7.5 b.7.35and7.45 c.7.4and7.5 d.7.25and7.35 ANS:B Acid-basebalanceisthemaintenanceofarterialbloodpHbetween7.35and7.45throughhydrogenion productionandelimination. DIF:Understanding/ComprehensionREF:13 KEY:Assessment MSC:PhysiologicalAdaptation|FluidandElectrolyteImbalances NOT:Describecommonfluid,electrolyte,andacid-baseimbalances. 2.Thenursewouldexpectapatientwithrespiratoryacidosistohaveanexcessiveamountof a.Hydrogenions. b.Bicarbonate. c.Oxygen. d.Phosphate. ANS:A RespiratoryacidosisoccurswhenthearterialbloodpHlevelfallsbelow7.35andiscausedbyeithertoomany hydrogenionsinthebody(respiratoryacidosis)ortoolittlebicarbonate(metabolicacidosis).Excessive oxygenandphosphatearenotcharacteristicofrespiratoryacidosis. NURSINGTB.COM

DIF:Understanding/ComprehensionREF:13 KEY:Assessment MSC:PhysiologicalAdaptation|FluidandElectrolyteImbalances NOT:Describecommonfluid,electrolyte,andacid-baseimbalances. 3.Thebestwayforanindividualtomaintainacid-basebalanceisto a.avoidorquitsmoking. b.exerciseregularly. c.eathealthyandwell-balancedmeals. d.Alloftheabove. ANS:D Maintainingahealthylifestyleisthebestwaytomaintainacid-basebalance.Forexample,mostcasesof COPDcanbepreventedbyavoidingorquittingsmoking,whileregularexerciseandahealthydietcan decreasetheincidenceoftype-2diabetes. DIF:PatienteducationREF:14 KEY:Assessment MSC:IntegratedProcess:Teaching/Learning NOT:ClientNeedsCategory:HealthPromotionandMaintenance 4.Theprocesstocontrolcellulargrowth,replication,anddifferentiationtomaintainhomeostasisiscalled: a.cellularregulation. b.cellularimpairment. c.cellularreproduction. d.cellulartumor. ANS:A CellularRegulationisthetermusedtodescribeboththepositiveandnegativeaspectsofcellularfunction

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MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING 9TH EDITION IGNATAVICIUS TEST BANK TestBank-Medical-SurgicalNursing:ConceptsforInterprofessionalCollaborativeCare9e

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withinthebody. DIF:Understanding/ComprehensionREF:14 KEY:Assessment MSC:IntegratedProcess:Teaching/Learning NOT:ClientNeedsCategory:HealthPromotionandMaintenance 5.Adefiningcharacteristicofmalignant(cancerous)cellsis: a.theycannotspreadtoothertissuesororgans. b.theycaninvadehealthycells,tissues,andorgans. c.theyarenotusuallyahealthrisk. d.noneoftheabove. ANS:B Malignant(cancerous)cellshavenocomparisontotheoriginalcellsfromwhichtheyarederived,andthey havetheabilitytoinvadehealthycells,tissues,andotherorgansthroughtumorformationandinvasion.Onthe otherhand,Benigncellsdonothavetheabilitytospreadtoothertissuesororgans. DIF:Understanding/ComprehensionREF:14 KEY:Assessment MSC:IntegratedProcess:Teaching/Learning NOT:ClientNeedsCategory:HealthPromotionandMaintenance 6.Specializedcellsthatcirculateinthebodytopromoteclottingarecalled: a.anticoagulants. b.proteins. c.emboli. d.platelets. ANS:D NURSINGTB.COM Clottingisacomplex,multi-stepprocessthroughwhichbloodformsaprotein-basedclottopreventexcessive bleeding.Platelets(thrombocytes)arethespecializedcellsthatcirculateinthebloodandareactivatedwhenan injuryoccurs.Onceactivated,thesecellsbecomesticky,causingthemtoclumptogethertoformatemporary, localized,solidplug. DIF:Understanding/ComprehensionREF:15 KEY:Assessment MSC:IntegratedProcess:Teaching/Learning NOT:ClientNeedsCategory:HealthPromotionandMaintenance 7.Anincreaseinplateletstickinesscanleadto: a.hypercoagulability b.thromobocytopenia c.embolus d.atrialfibrillation ANS:A Hypercoagulabilityreferstoanincreaseinclottingabilitycausedbyanexcessofplateletsorexcessiveplately stickiness,whichcanimpairbloodflow.Theoppositeendofthespectruminvolvesaninabilitytoform adequateclots,whichoftenoccurswhenthereisaninadequatenumberofcirculatingplateletsorareductionin plateletstickiness. DIF:Understanding/ComprehensionREF:15 KEY:Assessment MSC:IntegratedProcess:Teaching/Learning NOT:ClientNeedsCategory:HealthPromotionandMaintenance 8.Signsandsymptomsof________thromobsisincludelocalizedredness,swelling,andwarmth: a.arterial

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MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING 9TH EDITION IGNATAVICIUS TEST BANK TestBank-Medical-SurgicalNursing:ConceptsforInterprofessionalCollaborativeCare9e

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b.venous c.partial d.atrial ANS:B Venousthrombosisisaclotformationineithersuperficialordeepveins,usuallyintheleg,andcanbe observedlocally. DIF:Understanding/ComprehensionREF:16 KEY:Assessment MSC:IntegratedProcess:Teaching/Learning NOT:ClientNeedsCategory:HealthPromotionandMaintenance 9.Aseriousconditionwhichisnotlocallyobservableandistypicallymanifestedbydecreasedbloodflowtoa distalextremityisknownas__________thrombosis. a.arterial b.venous c.partial d.atrial ANS:A Arterialthrombosisismanifestedbydecreasedbloodflow(perfusion)toadistalextremityorinternalorgan. Forexample,thedistallegcanbecomepaleandcoolinthecaseofafemoralarterialclotduetoblockageof bloodtotheleg.Thisisanemergentconditionandrequiresimmediateintervention. DIF:Understanding/ComprehensionREF:16 KEY:Assessment MSC:IntegratedProcess:Teaching/Learning NOT:ClientNeedsCategory:HealthPromotionandMaintenance NURSINGTB.COM

10.Ahigh-levelthinkingprocessthatallowsanindividualtomakedecisionsandjudgmentsisknownas: a.amnesia b.personality c.reasoning d.memory ANS:C Reasoningisthehigh-levelcognitivethinkingprocessthathelpsindividualsmakedecisionsandjudgments. Personalityisthewayanindividualfeelsandbehaves,whileMemoryistheabilityofanindividualtoretain andrecallinformation.Amnesiareferstoalossofmemorycausedbybraintrauma,congenitaldisorders,or acutehealthproblems. DIF:Understanding/ComprehensionREF:16 KEY:Assessment MSC:IntegratedProcess:Teaching/Learning NOT:ClientNeedsCategory:PsychosocialIntegrity 11.Aformofinadequatecognitioninolderadultswhichismanifestedbyanacute,fluctuatingconfusional stateisknownas: a.dementia b.delerium c.amnesia d.depression ANS:B Deleriumistheformofacute,fluctuatingconfusionwhichlastsfromafewhourstolessthan1monthandthat maybetreatable.Dementiaisachronicstateofconfusionthatmaylastfromafewmonthstomanyyearsand thatmaynotbereversible.Amnesiareferstoalossofmemorycausedbybraintrauma,congenitaldisorders, oracutehealthproblems.

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MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING 9TH EDITION IGNATAVICIUS TEST BANK TestBank-Medical-SurgicalNursing:ConceptsforInterprofessionalCollaborativeCare9e

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DIF:Understanding/ComprehensionREF:16 KEY:Assessment MSC:IntegratedProcess:Teaching/Learning NOT:ClientNeedsCategory:PsychosocialIntegrity 12.Themostcommoncausesofdecreasedcomfortforapatientarepainand____________. a.light-headedness b.nausea c.emotionalstress d.depression ANS:C Painandemotionalstressarethetwoleadingcausesofdiscomfortforapatient.Forexample,patientswhoare havingsurgeryareoftenanxiousandfeelstressedabouttheprocedure.Thisemotionalstressmaynegatively impacttheoutcomeofsurgery. DIF:Understanding/ComprehensionREF:17 KEY:Assessment MSC:IntegratedProcess:Teaching/Learning NOT:ClientNeedsCategory:SafeandEffectiveCareEnvironment 13.Theinabilitytopassstoolisknownas____________. a.constipation b.obstipation c.diarrhea d.incontinence ANS:B Obstipationistheinabilitytopassstoolduringbowelelimination.Constipationreferstotheconditionwhere NURSINGTB.COM stoolcanbehard,dry,anddifficulttopassthroughtherectum.Diarrheaisattheoppositeendofthe continuumfromconstipation,andoccurswhenstooliswateryandwithoutsolidform.Eliminationisthe generaltermtodescribetheexcretionofwastefromthebodybythegastrointestinaltractandbytheurinary system. DIF:Understanding/ComprehensionREF:18 KEY:Assessment MSC:IntegratedProcess:Teaching/Learning NOT:ClientNeedsCategory:HealthPromotionandMaintenance 14.Hypokalemiacanoccurinpatientswithprolongeddiarrheaandiscausedbyadecreasein: a.calcium b.magnesium c.sodium d.potassium ANS:D Hypokalemiaoccurswhenthereisadecreaseinserumpotassium.Itcanbealife-threateningcondition becauseitoftencausesrhythmabnormalities.AnexcessofpotassiumisreferredtoasHyperkalemia. DIF:Understanding/ComprehensionREF:18 KEY:Assessment MSC:IntegratedProcess:Teaching/Learning NOT:ClientNeedsCategory:HealthPromotionandMaintenance 15.Theminimumhourlyurinaryoutputinapatientshouldbeatleast: a.5mLperhour b.10mLperhour c.30mLperhour d.60mLperhour

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MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING 9TH EDITION IGNATAVICIUS TEST BANK estBank-Medical-SurgicalNursing:ConceptsforInterprofessionalCollaborativeCare9e

ANS:C 30mLperhouristheminimumhourlyurinaryoutputinanormalhealthyadult.Adecreaseinurinaryoutputi asignofdiminishedkidneyactivityandfluiddeficit. DIF:Understanding/ComprehensionREF:20 KEY:Assessment MSC:IntegratedProcess:Teaching/Learning NOT:ClientNeedsCategory:HealthPromotionandMaintenance 16.Thebestindicatoroffluidvolumechangesinthebodyis: a.skindryness b.weightchanges c.bloodpressure d.pulserate ANS:C Changesinweightarethebestindicatoroffluidvolumechangesinthebody.Monitoringbloodpressure, checkingpulserateandquality,andassessingskinandmucousmembranesfordrynessarestrongsecondary indicators. DIF:Understanding/ComprehensionREF:20 KEY:Assessment MSC:IntegratedProcess:Teaching/Learning NOT:ClientNeedsCategory:HealthPromotionandMaintenance 17.Immunitywhichoccurswhenantibodiesarepassedfromthemothertothefetusthroughtheplacentaor throughbreastmilkiscalled: a.naturalpassive b.artificalpassive NURSINGTB.COM c.naturalactive d.artificalactive ANS:A Artificalpassiveimmunityoccursviaaspecifictransfusion.Naturalactiveimmunityoccurswhenanantigen entersthebodyandthebodycreatesantibodiestofightofftheantigen.Artificalactiveimmunityoccursvia vaccinationorimmunization. DIF:Understanding/ComprehensionREF:21-22 KEY:Assessment MSC:IntegratedProcess:Teaching/Learning NOT:ClientNeedsCategory:HealthPromotionandMaintenance 18.Amajorserumproteinthatisbelownormalinpatientswhohaveinadequatenutritionis: a.Albumin b.Globulin c.Fibrinogen d.Transferrin ANS:A AserumlaboratorytesttomeasureAlbuministhemostcommonassessmentforgeneralizedmalnutrition. DIF:Understanding/ComprehensionREF:25 KEY:Assessment MSC:IntegratedProcess:Teaching/Learning NOT:ClientNeedsCategory:HealthPromotionandMaintenance

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